文献一覧: 日本科学史学会 (出版者)

1 0 0 0 OA Stark効果のスペクトル線強度と対応原理 : Kramersの計算に対する当時の評価

著者: 今野宏之
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.39, no.213, pp.31-36, 2000 (Released:2021-08-23)

This paper deals with Kramers' application of Bohr's correspondence principle to the calculation of line intensities. His results of the Stark effect of hydrogen lines were favorably accepted by.the contemporary quantum physicists. One reason for this is there existed no competitive mathematical manipulation other than Kramers' in the period of old quantum theory. The critical appraisal was later given by SchrSdinger in terms of wave mechanics. However, SchrOdinger's theoretical calculation also contained some disagreement with Stark's empirical results in 1915. This discrepancy was soon eliminated by the more elaborated experiments in 1929. New experiments confirmed the validity of Schrodinger's theoretical result.

2022-09-25 05:40:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 1870年代イングランドにおける科学教育の改革運動 -1869-77の"Nature"の議論の分析-

著者: 綾野博之
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.193, pp.19-23, 1995 (Released:2021-08-27)

2022-09-25 05:38:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 科学史入門:自然科学史の方法

著者: 大沼正則
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.193, pp.27-31, 1995 (Released:2021-08-27)

2022-09-25 05:38:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 明治初期物理書と原書(アゴラ)

著者: 橋本萬平
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.193, pp.32-33, 1995 (Released:2021-08-27)

2022-09-25 05:38:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 今村明恒の濃尾地震前震論

著者: 水野浩雄
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.33, no.192, pp.217-220, 1994 (Released:2021-03-21)

2022-09-25 05:37:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 東京電機大学クラーク・コレクションにおけるClausis関連新史料について

著者: 菊池好行伊藤憲二古川安
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.33, no.192, pp.221-226, 1994 (Released:2021-03-21)

2022-09-25 05:37:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 科学史入門 : はかることの学術史

著者: 高田誠二
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.33, no.192, pp.227-230, 1994 (Released:2021-03-21)

2022-09-25 05:37:00
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1 0 0 0 OA アゴラ新しいラヴワジエ銅像

著者: 原光雄
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.33, no.192, pp.231-233, 1994 (Released:2021-03-22)

2022-09-25 05:37:00
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1 0 0 0 OA アユルヴェーダのトリドーシャと仏教医学の四大不調説の比較検討

著者: 遠藤次郎中村輝子
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.193, pp.1, 1995 (Released:2021-08-27)

It has been said that the tridosha theory in Ayurveda originated from the theory of the three elements of the universe. The names of these three doshas, which are roughly equivalent to humour, are vata (wind), pitta (bile), and kapha (phlegm), corresponding to the three elements of the universe: air, fire, and water. On the other hand, Buddhist medicine which has a close relation to Ayurveda is based on the theory of the four elements of the universe which includes the earth as well as the three elements mentioned above. Greek medicine on the other hand, is founded on the theory of the four humours, i. e. blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. Furthermore, even in Ayurveda, like in "Sushruta Samhita", the theory of the four humours can be found: This includes the abovd-mentioned tridosha plus blood as the forth humour. "Timaios" by Plato also mentions this. We compared these various theories and pointed out that the tridosha theory had its origin in the theory of the four elements of the universe. The process of the formation of the tridosha theory is considered as follows:(1) "Earth" was segregated from the four elements of the universe owing to its solid properties, and was rearranged into the seven elments of the body called "dhatu"; and the other three elements, uwatern, "fire", and "air",were integrated as the tridosha theory, namely, the theory of the three humours, owing to th&r properties of fluid; (2)"Blood", assigned to the element of "earth", was segregated from the tridosha because "blood" was considered to be comprised of the properties of every humour without having its own peculiar properties. Therefore, the diseases caused by deranged "blood" were regarded as an aggregate disease caused by the other three deranged humours. Then the category of the disease, caused by deranged "earth", did not appear.

2022-09-25 05:37:00
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1 0 0 0 OA 坂部廣胖と球面三角法への数学的着想

著者: 小林龍彦
出版者: 日本科学史学会
雑誌: 科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.193, pp.10-18, 1995 (Released:2021-08-27)

Relaxation of the book prohibition policy in 1720, the fifth year of Shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune's reign, made possible the importation of astronomical, calendrical and mathematical books from China. As a result "Lixiang kaocheng" <暦象考成> which was published by Chinese scientists under cooperation with the Jesuit in 1723, "Lixiang kaocheng houbian" <暦象考成後編> which was compiled by I. Koegler in 1742, "Lishuan chuanshu" <暦算全書> which was completed by Mei Wending's family in 1723 and so forth were introduced into Japan. Kohan Sakabe <坂部廣胖> (1759-1824) was a mathematician who had a great interest in trigonometry in these scientific books. Basic formulae of the right spherical triangle and the oblique spherical triangle in these books with so many astronomical examples were very useful in establishing his mathematical idea. In 1812 K. Sakabe wrote "Kanki kodo shoho" <管窺弧度捷法>,and in 1815 "Sanpo tenzan shinan-roku" <算法點竄指南録>, a mathematical book which had a good reputation as a textbook among Wasan-ka, was published and in the next year a navigation's book, "Kairo anshin-roku" <海路安心録>, was published. We must point out here that "Kanki kodo shoho", "Sanpo tenzan shinan-roku" and "Kairo anshin-roku" were written under the influence of astronomical, calendrical and mathematical books mentioned above. It will be a proof that he had learned part of western astronomy as a Wasan-ka. Therefore, this paper details his mathematical idea and the background of spherical trigonometry from the following viewpoints: ① His mathematical idea on spherical trigonometry is based on the contents of "Lishuan chuanshu" and "Lixiang kaocheng". ② He try to create new formulae of spherical trigonometry in "Sanpo tenzan shinan-roku". ③ He understand the principle of duality and the polar triangle very well