著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.37, pp.47-62, 2004 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

34

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Professor Minoru Umegaki and Mr. Sobei Arakawa were the two teachers of the greatest importance to the writer. The writer, though not taught by these teachers either in high school or in university, was greatly influenced by them when he was young.At first the writer was very interested in the loan words of foreign origin. After reading books by Professor Umegaki and Mr.Arakawa, the two greatest authorities on the words of foreign origin, the writer knew that they had both been given the Okakura prize when they were in their early forties.However, after consulting available dictionaries and glossaries, the writer was unable to find even a mention of the Okakura prize, or the past winners of the prize.Based on careful research of the editor's columns, of the past issues of THE RISING GENERATION, the well-known magazine for English literature and English education, the writer explains how the Okakura prize was begun in memory of Yoshisaburo Okakura, a famous scholar and teacher of English. The writer also lists winners of the Okakura prize and Okakura prize for English education.It is a pity that these two prizes were discontinued in 1946, a year after the end of World War II. After the war, the Okakura prize for English education was in a sense replaced by the Palmer prize, which has survived to the present day.This report is based on the paper read by the writer at the 39th national meeting of our Society on October 6, 2002.

著者

山下 英一

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1988, no.20, pp.137-149, 1987

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Nobushige Amenomori sent his paper &ldquo;War and the Japanese Women&rdquo; to the Atlantic Monthly in 1905 but it was not published and forwarded to W. E. Griffis so that it might be recommended to some other publisher. But it was left unpublished. The imaginable reason for the unpublished paper was that Amenomori died in 1905 when he wanted to publish his paper.<BR>When this paper was written, the war had broken out between Russia and Japan. His aim to write this paper was that he wished Japan to win the war and to inspire American people with the spiritual background of the Japanese women who carried out their duty at home as mother, wife, and daughter.<BR>Amenomori emphasized the opposite aspects of the Japanese women from those who such foreign writers as Lafcadio Hearn and Alice M. Bacon described from the view of aestheticism and subjection. And he also considered a Japanese woman not as some idealized person but as a human being. He thought Japanese patriotism came from the respect and loyalty to the Emperor and the imperial family and that Japan must be much stronger among other nations with the knowledge of Western civilization. His final dream in life was to see that the Orient and the Occident would be united into world peace.

著者

帆足 図南次

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1969, no.1, pp.36-44, 1969

著者

松村 幹男

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1971, no.3, pp.171-175, 1971-06-01 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

17

著者

山下 重一

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1996, no.28, pp.1-11, 1995 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

26

---

The Japanese Imperial Government which started in 1868 tried to introduce European political institutions rapidly. Young Japanese statesmen/and scholars went abroad to study European political systems and ideas. Among European and American books on politics, government or law which were translated into Japanese, those of English utilitarians were numerous, Bentham's “Theory of Legislation”, “Morals of Legislation”, “Fragment on Government”, Mill's “On Liberty”, “Representative Government”, “Utilitarianism”, “Political Economy” were translated between 1860's and 1880's.This paper will focus on and analyse Azusa Ono (1852-1885), whose political ideas were strongly influenced by English utilitarians. He studied in New York and London and then became a Japanese bureaucrat. After he resigned his office, his activity as a leader of an opposite party was remarkable. He was also a prolific writer, and in his last book entitled “Kokken Hanron” (“General Theory of Constitution”) were reflected the political ideas of Bentham's “Constitutional Code”, James Mill's “Government” and J. S. Mill's “Representative Government” : Ono insisted that constitutional government should be established in Japan, He admired the British type of parliamentary government, but he tried to modify it by applying Bentham and two Mills' plans for political reforms to it. Though Ono died four years before the opening of the first Japanese parliament, his plan of constitutional government was far more liberal and democratic than Japanese Imperial Constitution. He was one of the distinguished statesmen who gained the insight and perspective in accepting English utilitarian political ideas in early modern Japan.

著者

今井 一良

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1990, no.22, pp.1-14, 1989 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

7

---

In 1888 Kyoka Izumi (born Kyotaro Izumi in 1873), who failed in the entrance examination of the Fourth Higher Middle School at Kanazawa, entered a private school kept by Tajiro Inami, and was soon left in charge of English lessons there, since he had attended a missonary school (the Hokuriku Eiwa Gakko) before and was very good at English.Tajiro Inami was also known as a compiler of an English-Japanese dictionary entitled 'the Shinsen Eiwa Jiten'. This dictionary was published in 1886 from the Unkondo's which had already issued a literary magazine, 'the kinjo Shishi'.Therefore, the advertisements of sale of Inami's dictionary were put in this magazine many times, and in addition so much information concerning English learning at Kanazawa or in Tokyo was reported.In this essay, I would like to give a full detail of the following items, amplifying the above-mentioned matter : 1. Biographical Sketch of Tajiro Inami.2. On 'the Kinjo Shinshi '.3. On 'the Shinsen Eiwa Jiten'.4. Situation of English learning at Kanazawa about the middle of 1880's based on the reports in the Kinjo Shinshi.

著者

遠藤 智夫

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.38, pp.83-95, 2005 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

8

---

This report is based on a reading, by the writer, which took place at our Society's 41st national meeting on 31st October, 2004. The year 2004 was a special year for both our Society and Japan as it jointly marked the 40th anniversary of the foundation of our Society and the 150th anniversary of the conclusion of the U.S.-Japan Peace Treaty in the Edo era. This memorable meeting was held at the International Conference Hall at Waseda University, which has had close links to English Language studies in Japan. As one of the main themes of the meeting was English Language studies at Waseda University, the writer read a paper on the late Prof. Katsumata during histime at Waseda University and his close study of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』.In 1914, Professor Katsumata, a famous scholar and teacher of English, contributed an article 'On the first Dictionary of the English and Japanese Languages' to『英語青年』=THE RISING GENERATION, the well-knownmagazine for English literature and education. By making a comparison between the treatises of Dr. Fumihiko Otsuki and Prof. Katsumata, the writer explicitly points out that in the article contributed by Prof. Katsumata to 'THE RISING GENERATION', the fact was revealed for the first time thatonly two hundred copies of the first edition of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』were printed in 1862.The writer also indicates the probability of the second printing of the firstedition of『英和対訳袖珍辞書』.

著者

石原 千里

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2003, no.35, pp.1-15, 2002 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

13

---

Nishi is a most reputable family of Japanese-Dutch interpreter at Nagasaki. Kichibe Nishi, the 1st, began his career as interpreter in Portuguese in 1616 and then in Dutch in 1641.Kichibe Nishi (1811-1854), the 11th, was a chief compiler of Egeresugo Jisho Wage, the second English-Japanese dictionary compiled in Japan, and his son Kichijuro (1835-1891) was also one of the compilers. The dictionary, compiled from 1851 through 1854 but unfinished, was a fruit of the government order in 1850 to study English and Russian languages and to compile an EnglishJapanese dictionary, which was the second in history after the first similar government order in 1809.In 1853 Japan faced with one of the biggest events in history, the visits of Commodore M. C. Perry and also Admiral E. V. Putyatin with their squadrons, requesting the opening of Japan, and the interpreters were forced to be involved in those events. Major compilers of the dictionary, Kichibe Nishi, Einosuke Moriyama, Eishichiro Narabayashi and Gohachiro Namura, played important parts in them as well. Kichibe Nishi was the chief of the interpreter corps to Admiral E. V. Putyatin. He was used to be assigned tasks to facilitate confidential Dutch-Japanese talks between J. H. Donker Curtius, Superintendent of the Dutch Deshima Factory, and the Governor of Nagasaki over ways to deal with the foreign powers.Although it was unfortunate that the dictionary was left unfinished under those circumstances, the efforts of the interpreters directed to their study of English were to be highly valued, since many of them made the most of their knowledge of English in their work and in teaching English. Kichibe Nishi, who took charge of their studies of English, was also an excellent teacher of Dutch to many of those interpreters in their childhood. His life, which has little been known, is described in this paper.

著者

三好 彰

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2007, no.39, pp.59-79, 2006 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

32

---

The first printed Dictionary of English and Japanese Languages was compiled by Hori Tatsnoskay and published in 1862, and it was revised by Horikosi Kamenoskay in 1866. The dictionary was a historical landmark in the Japanese English academia.It has been generally considered that all vocabulary entries of the dictionary had been obtained from “A new pocket dictionary of the English and Dutch languages by H. Picard, 1857 (Picard-1857)”, and the Dutch words of Picard-1857 had been translated into Japanese using several preceding dictionaries of Dutch and Japanese languages. But precise investigation of names of birds makes it clear that some English dictionaries had been used to translate names of birds into Japanese, because there are eleven groups of words in Picard-1857 whose English words that have an identical bird name in Dutch are translated in different Japanese.Moreover, Hori Tatsnoskay got three Japanese words of birds from corresponding Dutch words which have been found not in the Picard-1857, but in the Picard's dictionary of the first edition published in 1843 (Picard-1843).The dictionary revised by Horikoshi Kamenoskay has two English words of birds which are not found in either Picard-1843 or Picard-1857. Since more than half names of birds have been updated by Horikoshi Kamenoskay, the dictionary is good enough for general users.

著者

篠田 左多江

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.33, pp.105-119, 2000 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

32

---

Only a few ariticles and essays on Isen Kanno have been found since his death. They are Eitaro Ishigaki, “Forty-year Vagabond Life in America” (1952), Dengo Matsubara, “Baron Kanno” (1954), Shinsui Kawai, “Isen and Gertrude Kanno” (1955), Tamotsu Mirayama, “An Issei Poet Who Composed English” (1961), Ippei Nomoto, “A Vanished Star” (1973) and Ayako Ishigaki, “A Love Artist Who Crossed the Ocean” (1988). Almost all of them have no reference to Kanno's life, from his birth to death and his literary achievements.In my first essay on Isen Kanno, published in 1994, his life from birth to the days he lived in Joaquin Miller's heights were made clear. In this second essay, the latter half of his life will be revealed.In 1915 Kanno went to New York and stayed in Edwin Markham's residence. He tried to translate Markham's works into Japanese and write biography of Jack London. Reading a lot of books every day in N. Y. Public Library, he then began translating Omar Khayyam's Rubaiyat into Japanese using a style of Japanese popular folk song sung in Edo Era. But to his disappointment he could not publish them. He also wrote many articles for Japanese newspaper joining the Japanese immigrants' literary group.In 1929 he and his wife, who left him and went to New York with her lover 14 years ago, finally came back to him. Kanno was very glad to be with his wife again. He went back to San Francisco with her and lived in Nichiren Church in Japan Town.Then Mr. and Mrs. Kanno went to Japan. He expected to get his works published there. His wife, sculptress, had exhibitions at some department stores in Tokyo. At that time militarism seized Japan and displaying nude statues was prohibited. Kanno made efforts to publish his works in vain. After two years they returned to the U. S.As soon as they arrived in San Francisco, his wife passed away of a sudden fever on August 14th, 1937. His beloved wife's death threw him into despair. Four months later he died of pneumonia.His manuscripts of poetry, translation and essays were kept in Nichiren Church. On December 7th, 1941, war broke out between Japan and the U. S. and Japanese Americans were forced to evacuate and sent to concentration camps. All his manuscripts were lost during this period of confusion.Isen Kanno was a determined man who made up his mind to live in the U. S. all his life, marrying to a caucasian artist and wrote in English. He was different from the most Japanese immigrants whose purpose were making money and returning to Japan as rich persons. But war prevented him from being what he expected to be.

著者

潟岡 孝昭

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1970, no.2, pp.144-156, 1970-09-30 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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同志社英学校の開校当初の状態については, 既に同志社大学関係者によって詳細に述べ尽され, 現在もなお同志社社史々料編集所において調査されており, 私などの卑見を述べるべき筈のものではありますまいが, たまたまその当時の2・3の史料を見出す機会を得たので, それらを紹介すると共に卑見の一端を述べ諸賢のご指導を仰ぎたい。

著者

西川 孝治郎

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

日本英学史研究会研究報告 (ISSN:18839274)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1968, no.88, pp.7-9, 1968-01-13 (Released:2010-11-17)

著者

高木 誠一郎

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1988, no.20, pp.185-232, 1987 (Released:2009-09-16)

著者

重久 篤太郎

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1973, no.5, pp.101-108, 1972-04-30 (Released:2009-09-16)

著者

手塚 竜麿

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1984, no.16, pp.27-32, 1983 (Released:2009-09-16)

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Born at Hagi, Province of Nagato (Yamaguchi-Ken) died at Yamato City, Kanagawa-Ken at the age of 95.In Tokyo, he entered several different schools, public and private, and was well educated there. In U.S.A. he studied in a business school at the beginning, later specialized in biology together with law and economics in Yale University.As a member of society, he has contributed to the development for the international relationship in various fields. Later he became much interested in livestock breeding and kept a farm house in Nasu, Tochigi-Ken.As a unique biographer, he wrote a book entitled “General Capron” (Kepuron Shogun) who was distinguished for his pioneering devotion to the cultivation in Hokkaido district at the beginning of Meiji Era.

著者

松野 良寅

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1984, no.16, pp.1-17, 1983 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

13

---

Since the Yogakusha, a foreign language school, was founded in Yonezawa in 1871, Charles Henry Dallas and five other foreign masters taught successively at the Yonezawa Middle School till March in 1880.During the 1880's when Westernism was overwhelming throughout the country, the Yonezawa Middle School was taking a leading role in the spread of new progressive Western ideas among the people of Yonezawa, a rural town in the Tohoku districts, and among the graduates and students of this school were many devotees of democratic rights.It was in 1887 that a church of Methodist communion was founded for the first time in Yonezawa and J. C. Cleaveland was sent there as a missionary. He complied with the request to teach English at the Yonezawa Middle School as well, which started working in accordance with the new ordinance concerning middle schools promulgated the previous year by the Government.On the other hand, Mrs. Cleaveland, with the assistance of her interpreter, opened the class of the English language and knitting for women at the parsonage. This class was up-to-date and so attractive that it was not long before it gained much popularity among young women and girls there.In the same year, Julius Soper, the missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Tokyo, visited Yonezawa, and lectured on the necessity of woman's education and insisted upon the need of foundation of a girls' school. It was true that his lecture left a deep impression on the minds of audience, but there were no reactions among the native men of importance to build one immediately.The Woman's Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Japan sent Miss R. J. Watson in order to investigate whether the foundation of a girls' school there would be within the bounds of possibility. Miss Watson, knowing the popularity of Mrs. Cleaveland's class of the English language and knitting, started the invitation for the new school.The opening ceremony of the Yonezawa Eiwa Girls' School took place in the Assembly Hall of Commerce and Industry in January, 1889, with many guests and men of importance there in attendance.The number of pupils was favorably increasing and the school was well under way, and Miss R. J. Watson, Miss Mary E. Atkinson, Miss G. Baucas and Miss A. M. Otto were appointed in succession to principal of this school, and Miss M. B. Griffiths, Miss L. Imhof and Miss B. J. Allen cooperated with them in evangelistic work. Nevertheless this school was to be closed in 1895, only seven years after its opening.In this paper I want to consider the details of this school, chiefly through the minutes of the Woman's Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Japan, in which the reports of each principal and missionary in charge of evangelistic work were recorded, and to inquire into the unavoidable circumstances that must have obliged them to close the school in such a short period of time.

著者

石原 千里

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1985, no.17, pp.109-124, 1984-10-01 (Released:2010-02-22)

被引用文献数

1

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Egeresugo Jisho Wage, Engelsch en Japansch Woordenboek, 1851-1854, is the second English and Japanese dictionary compiled in Japan. The compilers, Kichibe Nishi and Einosuke Moriyama and eight others, were the interpreters trained in Dutch, who had the government orders to study English and Russian languages besides Dutch and to compile such a dictionary. Based on John Holtrop's English and Dutch Dictionary, 1823, seven volumes consisting of four on A and three on B (up to the word“Brewis”) were completed and submitted to the govenment in four years up to November 1854, when the compilation had to be stopped because the interpreters became so busy with their primary professional work involved in one of the biggest events in the history of this country, the opening of Japan, that they could not have time to spare for the dictionary.The seven volumes of this unfinished dictionary in manuscript remain in the Nagasaki Prefectural Library. The results of the analysis of these volumes as well as of the personal histories of its compilers given in this paper have revealed the deep significance of this dictionary and the compilers in the history of English teaching and learning in Japan.

著者

森川 隆司

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.21, pp.185-204, 1988-10-01 (Released:2010-08-10)

参考文献数

21

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This spring I was happy to see at the Tohoku University Library the English compositions that Natsume Soseki wrote when he was a student at the First Higher Middle School and to copy three of them in longhand. They are “The Death of My Brother”, “My Friends in the School (continued)” and “Japan and England in the Sixteenth Century”. Reading them I wondered why he had become good at writing English in only a few years. The first cause I find efficient is that Soseki admirably concentrated all his energies upon learning English. The second is that all school subjects were taught in English, which inevitably increased his hours for learning and using English. The third is that his good memory developed while learning Chinese classics was of great use for learning English.

著者

長門谷 洋治

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1969, no.1, pp.61-67, 1969 (Released:2009-09-16)

著者

山下 英一

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.24, pp.73-85, 1991-10-01 (Released:2010-02-22)

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In the summer, 1989 the writer had the first chance to touch the copies of the McGuffey's Eclectic Readers in the Special Collections of Ohio University, in Athens, Ohio. William Holmes McGuffey, author of the Readers, was president of the University (1839-43) and pastor of the First Presbyterian Church in the town.The first editions of the Readers 1-VI were issued through 1836-57 in Cincinnati, Ohio and after that they were revised and spread mainly in Middie America over two generations. The total of the copies amounted to 122, 000, 000. The popularity was due to McGuffey's first intention of teaching young learners moral values in the Bible as much as literary stories.The writer's question is why McGuffey's Primer and Readers were little known in early Meiji period, though they were said to have made the American mind. It was partly because Fukuzawa Yukichi, whose school was very influencial, took Wilson's Primer and Readers and other readers home with him from America, but not McGuffey's ones, and also partly because he regarded Reading as a means of understanding other English books such as science and history, not as for knowing moral background of European civilization.