著者

平田 文雄

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.178-185, 1983-02-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

18

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The current status of prostaglandin research is reviewed mainly on the primary prostaglandins, widely distributed in the living body, and on prostaglandin analogues having more stable structure and higher selective biological activities, which were developed by reference to the structures and activities of the primary PGs. Especially, recent aspect on their clinical application and development is explained. Moreover, the new field is viewed mainly on the future commercialization of PGI2 and TXA2 synthesis inhibitor, which will be applied mainly on circulatory system, from Yin-Yang theory. Further, recent rapid progress in leukotriene research on lipoxygenase system in arachidonic acid cascade will also been mentioned.

著者

小島 秀子 松浦 輝男

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.4, pp.268-279, 1998-04-01 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

59

被引用文献数

28 35

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Chiral crystallization of optically inactive (achiral) compounds such as benzophenone, phenol, phenanthrene, etc. has not been a commonly known phenomenon in organic chemistry. These compounds are known to crystallize to chiral crystals from their solutions. This review deals with this phenomenon, describing (1) what is chiral crystallization and how to find organic compounds undergoing chiral crystallization, (2) the preparation of chiral crystals from achiral organic compounds, (3) the characterization of chiral crystals, (4) the crystal structure of chiral crystals and the factors of the generation of chirality, (5) the chiral crystallization of two-component molecular compounds, (6) absolute asymmetric synthesis utilizing chiral crystallization, (7) other applications of chiral crystallization. Part 1 describes chapters (1), (2), (3), and (4).

著者

太田 俊作 岡本 正夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.38-50, 1983-01-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

7 7

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Many useful acylation reactions including carbonylation have been improved in yield, reaction condition and manipulation by using 1-acylimidazole. In this review important synthetic applications of 1-acylimidazole after Staab's review in 1962 are described.

著者

磯部 稔

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.51-61, 1983-01-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2 5

---

A general synthetic strategy to ansa-macrocyclic lactam, maytansinoid, is described via a common intermediate for maytansine, maytansinol, maysine and N-methylmaysenine. The key reactions are focused on the successful stereochemical control by diastereoselective asymmetric induction involving heteroconjugate addition, epoxidation, aldol reaction etc. The principle was mainly based on chelational and conformational control in acyclic system, and all of the seven asymmetric centers of maytansinol has been introduced before closing 19-membered lactam ring.

著者

千畑 一郎 土佐 哲也

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1103-1109, 1982-11-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

46

---

(1) The characteristics of biochemical reaction are compared with those of organic chemical reaction, and the advantages of the former reaction are discussed.(2) As the immobilization of biocatalysts has been the subject of increased interests, the immobilization procedure and the advantages of immobilized biocatalysts are reviewed.(3) Industrial applications of biochemical reaction for the production of following useful, compounds are presented : optically active amino acids, peptides, optically active organic acids, steroids, and others.

著者

村上 幸人

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1082-1089, 1982-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

23

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Vitamin B12-dependent enzymes catalyze various methyl transfer reactions and isomerizations accompanied by the initial 1, 2-shift rearrangement. Adenosylcobalamin, which involves both metal-coordinate and organometallic bonds in the same molecule, acts as a true catalyst in the latter reactions. Coenzyme reaction machanisms have been extensively investigated particularly in connection With methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and diol dehydrase, and homolytic cleavage of the Co-C bond as well as its heterolytic cleavage to yield a carbanion intermediate has been postulated. Since cob (I) alamin and its model compounds in Co (I) state act as supernucleophiles, various reactions as catalyzed by these complexes have been examined. For the establishment of effective B12 holoenzyme models, synthetic lipids which form stable single-walled bilayer aggregates in aqueous media are plausibly adopted as apoenzyme models. Novel organometallic chemistry is hopefully developed in the light of biomimetic notions.

著者

吉田 善一

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1076-1081, 1982-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

12

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Biomimetic chemistry, particularly in Japan, is reviewed based on the special project research “Biomimetic Chemistry” supported by Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. Emphasis is made on the synthetic applications and the future aspects of this field.

著者

森 謙治

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1068-1075, 1982-11-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

2 2

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Advances in the synthesis of achiral and chiral pheromones are reviewed with emphasis on modern synthetic methodologies.

著者

後藤 俊夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1062-1067, 1982-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

1

---

1. Brief history of total syntheses of natural products. 2. Total syntheses are likened to mountain climbings. 3. Purpose of the total syntheses of natural products. 4. Total syntheses of natural products having polyfunctional groups. 5. Epilogue.

著者

梅沢 純夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1051-1061, 1982-11-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

93

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Recent developments in the chemistry of sugar-containing antibiotics are briefly surveyed from the standpoint of synthesis. The antibiotics are classified into 1) aminoglycoside antibiotics, 2) macrolide antibiotics, 3) anthracycline antibiotics, and 4) others. Total syntheses of aminoglycoside antibiotics have been developed as exemplified by those of streptomycins, kanamycins, neomycin C, and spectinomycin. Several semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotics which are active against resistant bacteria have been developed and commercialized. Total syntheses of several macrolide antibiotics have recently been completed as exemplified by those of methymycin, erythromycin, carbomycin B, and josamycin. Very recently, 23-dialkylamino-derivatives of mycarosyl and 4' - deoxymycarosyl tylonolide were synthesized and found remarkably active against · Gram-negative bacteria, Total syntheses of the representative anthracycline antibiotics, adriamycin and daunomycin have been completed, and syntheses of their derivatives of improved toxicity are in active progress. In the other area, total syntheses of bleomycin, an important antineoplastic agent, and streptothricin, a well-known antibacterial antibiotic, have recently been completed. Several approaches to ward the total syntheses of antibiotics containing sugars are cited.

著者

高野 誠一 小笠原 国郎

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.11, pp.1037-1050, 1982-11-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

9 12

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Utility of a chiral glycerin derivative [(S) -1] as a versatile substrate for the enantioselective syntheses of natural products is described. The glycerin derivative [(S) -1] is converted into both enantiomers of the chiral γ-butyrolactone (3) which are in turn transformed to a -monosubstituted lactones (31) and α, α -disubstituted lactones (34) by stereoselective alkylation under kinetic conditions. Inversion of the α center of the monoalkylated lactone 31 is simply achieved by brief exposure of the enolate (32) derived from 31 to saturated aqueous sodium sulfate solution to give (33). α-Aryllactone derivatives (28) which cannot be obtained from the lactone substrate (3) are efficiently prepared from the epoxide (2) obtained from the glycerin derivative (1) and an appropriate phenylacetonitrile.Using the lactone intermediates thus obtained, a dozen of optically active compounds ranging from monoterpenes and alkaloids to a β-lactam derivative illustrated in Fig. 1 are synthesized enantioselectively.

著者

中山 清

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.64-72, 1977-01-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 2

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The lack of L-lysine, an essential amino acid, in cereals provoked many studies on L-lysine production by both chemical synthesis and microbial method. However, the production of L-lysine in a large scale had to wait until 1958, whn the fermentation process using a auxotrophic mutant of Corynebacteriurn glutamicum was establisheed by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co.. Recently another fermentation process using a regulatory mutant of Brevibacterium flavurn was developed by Ajinomoto Co.. Now the both processes have been further improved and are being used for the industrial production, which reached to 10, 00020, 000 tons per year. The amount apt to change depending on the change of the production of soybean meal and fish meal. Very recently, third industrial process was developed by Torey Co.. In the process, racemic α-amino caprolactum synthesized from cyclohexene is converted intoL-lysine by the combined action of L-aminocaprolactum hydrolase and aminocaprolactum racemase.

著者

上松 正次

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.10, pp.952-953, 1982 (Released:2009-11-13)

著者

鈴鴨 剛夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.10, pp.930-938, 1982 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

6 7

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Chrysanthemic acid (2, 2-dimethyl-3- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylic acd) is an acid component of pyrethroidal insecticides. There exist four optical isomers originated from two asymmetric carbon atoms at the C-1 and C-3 positions.Insecticidal activities of the synthetic pyrethroids derived from these optical isomers are shown as follows : 1 R-trans≥1 R-cis>>1 S-trans1 S-cis.Optical resolution of racemic mixture of chrysanthemic acid conveniently gives each isomer in optically pure from.Highly efficient epimerization at the position of C-1, C-3 and racemization were achieved as the method for the conversion of ineffective isomers into effective ones.Secondly, the relationship between stereochemical interconversion and regioselective ring opening of chrysanthemic acid derivatives was investigated. Some of the ring opening products were successfully converted into optically active form of tetrahydrolavandulol and tetralin musks.

著者

西野 博

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.9, pp.853-854, 1982-09-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

青柳 東彦 泉屋 信夫

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.9, pp.796-805, 1982-09-01 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

59

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Recent synthetic aspects of three cyclic peptides are reviewed. On the syntheses of gramicidin S, an antibacterial cyclodecapeptide, and its analogs, several methods for cyclization were performed using various deca- and pentapeptide precursors. Among them, the succinimide active ester and azide methods gave desired products in good yield. Furthermore, the yield of the products was found to depend highly on amino acid sequence of the precursors. Five analogs of Cyl-2, a phytotoxic cyclotetrapeptide, were synthesized. Comparison of Cyl-2 with the analogs by NMR implied that Cyl-2 has an unique conformation. AM-toxin I, II and III are phytotoxic cyclotetradepsipeptides containing dehydroalanine. The proposed structures of the toxins could be synthetically confirmed by different methods. Conversion of serine residue in cyclotetradepsipeptide precursors to dehydroalanine via β-elimination was unsatisfactory, whereas reasonable improvement was obtained by using Hofmann degradation of α, β-diaminopropionic acid.

著者

斎藤 烈 杉山 弘

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.735-743, 1982-08-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

47

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The molecular recognition of DNA by small molecules including bisintercalators has been described. Site-specific chemical reactions of DNA are next reviewed. These include i) reactions of DNA with oxygen-dependent antibiotics such as bleomycin, neocarzinostatin and camptothecin, and ii) single strand cleavage induced by artificial compound-metal-O2 systems. Sequence specific photoreaction between DNA and psoralenes is briefly discussed. A new method for selective removal of thymine from DNA utilizing photochemical reaction is also described in detail.

著者

沢井 宏明

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.725-734, 1982-08-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

1

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Nonenzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides by model reactions of nucleic acid biosynthesis is reviewed. The nucleic acid biosyntheis catalyzed by polymerase is described briefly at first. Oligonucleotides are prepared from activated nucleotides catalyzed by metal ions such as Pb2+ and Zn2+ which mimic the role of the metal ion at the active cite of the polymerase. Template-directed synthesis of oligonucleotides is described as a model reaction of nucleic acid replication. The metal ions, the template and the activated nucleotide used as a monomer affect the yield, chain length and regioselecivitv of the resulting oligonucletide.

著者

岡崎 光雄 笠井 俊保 横山 桂 板橋 資郎 萩野谷 稔

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.10, pp.611-615, 1956

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アセチルアミノ-3-スルポナフタル酸p-トルイルイミドおよび4-アセチアルミノナフタル酸フェニルイミド-4'-スルホン酸ナトリウムを合成し, 羊毛に対するケイ光増白効果を検討したが, いずれもケイ光微弱なるために増白効果がほとんど認められなかつた。なお原料の一つである4-アミノ-x-スルホー無水ナフタル酸 (4-アミノナフタル酸無水物のスルホン化によつて製する) の化学構造について研究し, スルホン酸基の位置は3-位であることを推定した。

著者

冨士原 廣

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.7, pp.672-673, 1982-07-01 (Released:2009-11-13)