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This paper is intended as an investigation of historical transformation of a tribal confederation in Iran, the Afshars in Orumiyye province from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. It has been said that a tribal resurgence was dominant tendency in eighteenth century, but no studies have ever tried to analyze the features of the tribes and their relation with local society in these days. Main arguments are following: 1. The Afshars who was a member of the Qizilbash confederation, migrated to Orumiyye at the first half of the seventeenth century in order to defend the Ottoman border and hold governorship of the province until the end of the Safavid period. 2. In the eighteenth century they had closer ties with the local society and became an independent power. Some new tribes joined the Afshar confederation and some Kurdish tribes also supported them on their military expeditions. 3. At the same time the tribal elites chose to live in the Orumiyye city and hold some offices of local government not only military ones but also civil ones such as vakil or mostowfi, and some also became ‘ulama. Some tribesmen poured into the city and behaved themselves like hooligans 4. The tribal chiefs got a amass of land by land exploitation and occupation of waqf land and some tribesmen settled in villages as farmers. 5. Under the Qajars they lose the governorship, but they found an opportunity to get high ranks in the modern army as the result of military reform and retained their power in the province.

2014-01-28 22:26:22
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http://hdl.handle.net/2261/43802

1 0 0 0 OA 自然と社会 - フランス啓蒙思想研究

著者: 森岡邦泰
出版者: 京都大学
巻号頁・発行日: 2002-01-23

新制・論文博士

2014-01-28 21:21:04
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http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150245

1 0 0 0 OA お知らせ

著者: 米澤明憲早野龍五牧島一夫
出版者: 東京大学大学院理学系研究科・理学部
雑誌: 東京大学理学系研究科・理学部ニュース
巻号頁・発行日: vol.40, no.2, pp.14-15, 2008-07

山田尚勇先生を悼んで/追悼 : 野上耀三先生/東京大学大学院理学系研究科・博士学位取得者一覧/人事異動報告/あとがき

2014-01-28 18:54:38
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http://hdl.handle.net/2261/26562

1 0 0 0 OA <Book Reviews>Robbie Peters. Surabaya, 1945–2010: Neighbourhood, State and Economy in Indonesia's City of Struggle. Singapore: NUS Press, 2013, 272p.

著者: KUSNO Abidin
出版者: Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
雑誌: Southeast Asian Studies (ISSN:21867275)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.2, no.3, pp.602-605, 2013-12

2014-01-28 13:34:21
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http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180018

1 0 0 0 OA Growth rate-coordinated transcriptome reorganization in bacteria

著者: Matsumoto Yuki Murakami Yoshie Tsuru Saburo Ying Bei-Wen Yomo Tetsuya
出版者: BioMed Central
雑誌: BMC genomics (ISSN:14712164)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.14, pp.808, 2013-11
被引用文献数: 41 2

BackgroundCell growth rate reflects an organism’s physiological state and largely relies on the ability of gene expression to respond to the environment. The relationship between cellular growth rate and gene expression remains unknown.ResultsGrowth rate-coordinated changes in gene expression were discovered by analyzing exponentially growing Escherichia coli cells cultured under multiple defined environments, in which osmotic pressure, temperature and starvation status were varied. Gene expression analyses showed that all 3,740 genes in the genome could be simply divided into three clusters (C1, C2 and C3), which were accompanied by a generic trend in the growth rate that was coordinated with transcriptional changes. The direction of transcriptional change in C1 indicated environmental specificity, whereas those in C2 and C3 were correlated negatively and positively with growth rates, respectively. The three clusters exhibited differentiated gene functions and gene regulation task division.ConclusionsWe identified three gene clusters, exhibiting differential gene functions and distinct directions in their correlations with growth rates. Reverses in the direction of the growth rate correlated transcriptional changes and the distinguished duties of the three clusters indicated how transcriptome homeostasis is maintained to balance the total expression cost for sustaining life in new habitats.

2014-01-28 08:31:38
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1 0 0 0 OA Electronic structures and magnetic moments of Co3FeN thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy

著者: Ito Keita Sanai Tatsunori Zhu Siyuan Yasutomi Yoko Toko Kaoru Honda Syuta Ueda Shigenori Takeda Yukiharu Saitoh Yuji Imai Yoji Kimura Akio Suemasu Takashi
出版者: American Institute of Physics
雑誌: Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.103, no.23, pp.232403, 2013-12
被引用文献数: 11 1

We evaluated electronic structures and magnetic moments in Co3FeN epitaxial films on SrTiO3(001). The experimentally obtained hard x-ray photoemission spectra of the Co3FeN film have a good agreement with those calculated. Site averaged spin magnetic moments deduced by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism were 1.52 μ B per Co atom and 2.08 μ B per Fe atom at 100 K. They are close to those of Co4N and Fe4N, respectively, implying that the Co and Fe atoms randomly occupy the corner and face-centered sites in the Co3FeN unit cell.

2014-01-28 08:31:16
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1 0 0 0 OA Antipodal sets of symmetric R-spaces

著者: Tanaka Makiko Sumi Tasaki Hiroyuki
出版者: Dept. of Mathematics, Osaka University
雑誌: Osaka journal of mathematics (ISSN:00306126)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.50, no.1, pp.161-169, 2013-03

We show that antipodal sets of symmetric R-spaces have the following properties. Any antipodal set is included in a great antipodal set and any two great antipodal sets are congruent.

2014-01-28 08:31:10
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http://hdl.handle.net/2241/120613

1 0 0 0 OA Evaluation of UV-fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS for Precise in situ Copper Isotopic Microanalysis of Cubanite

著者: IKEHATA Kei HIRATA Takafumi
出版者: The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
雑誌: Analytical sciences (ISSN:09106340)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.29, no.12, pp.1213-1217, 2013-12
被引用文献数: 19

We evaluated the capabilities of an in situ method for measuring copper isotopes of cubanite using UV-fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS. A comparison of the UV-fs laser results with those obtained from the NIR-fs laser system shows that there is obviously an improvement in the precision (<0.10‰, 2SE) when using the UV-fs laser. In both wavelength modes, matrix-matched standards are required for reliable in situ copper isotope analysis of cubanite. This method was applied to determinations for copper isotopes of minute cubanite grains in a skarn ore. Copper isotopic ratios of cubanite grains near a weathered surface of the sample are lower than those of intact cubanite grains within the sample, suggesting that selective leaching of heavier copper isotope in primary minerals occurred during weathering.

2014-01-28 08:31:05
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1 0 0 0 OA 脳波から見たラベンダー湯入浴のリラクセーション効果

著者: 宮島成江小田史郎森谷潔阿岸祐幸
出版者: 北海道大學教育學部 = THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
雑誌: 北海道大學教育學部紀要 (ISSN:04410637)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.75, 1998-03

2014-01-28 00:41:46
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http://hdl.handle.net/2115/29558