著者

中澤 港

出版者

日本健康学会

雑誌

日本健康学会誌 (ISSN:24326712)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.3, pp.97-99, 2021-05-31 (Released:2021-06-21)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

著者

中澤 港

出版者

日本人口学会

雑誌

人口学研究 (ISSN:03868311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.42-43, 2015-06-30 (Released:2017-09-12)

著者

中澤 港

出版者

日本健康学会

雑誌

日本健康学会誌 (ISSN:24326712)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.5, pp.209-213, 2021-09-30 (Released:2021-10-29)

参考文献数

11

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When we apply the perspective of human ecology, in which the human-ecosystem is considered as the interrelationships between human-being and environments mediated by language, social organization and technology, the infectious diseases can be considered as an aspect of the apparent effects on human population by pathogens, as one of the components of biological environments.The type of infectious diseases is related with the lifestyle and the population size, which have changed with the beginning of settled farming and the establishment of cities.The applicable technology to infectious diseases includes the vaccination and the treatment with specific drugs, but those are unavailable during the early stage of pandemic. The spread of emerging infectious diseases accelerated by globalization and population ageing have made the current world more vulnerable. Until the successful technology development, the applicable measures are only non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) including lockdown and behavioral changes.When we look back how the human society tackled COVID-19 pandemic, the early establishment of pathogen identification and confirmatory diagnostic method was the technological advantage compared with previous pandemics. However, the fact that only a part of COVID-19 becomes symptomatic and the high infectiousness during asymptomatic or presymptomatic period made it difficult to prevent the spread over the borders. Since the IHR2005 has to minimize the effect of control measures on global trade and transportation, most developed countries have chosen to keep economic activities including global trade and transportation, which lead to exponential increase of new cases, resulted in overwhelmed health care system with high mortality. Highly effective vaccines have been developed very fast, but combination with NPIs is still necessary for successful suppression.

著者

飯島 渉 橋本 雄太 市川 智生 五月女 賢司 中澤 港 井上 弘樹 高橋 そよ 後藤 真

出版者

青山学院大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2023-04-01

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COVID-19のパンデミックの歴史化をめぐっては、個人的な記録や記憶など、感染症対策への反応を示す資料群の整理・保全が必要である。そのための仕組みとして、国立歴史民俗博物館が運用しているクラウドソーシング・デジタル・プラットフォームを援用し、「コロナ関係資料アーカイブズ」(仮称)を構築・運用する。COVID-19のパンデミックの感染状況などの基本的な状況を示すデータを組み込む。中澤港(神戸大学)が整理・公表してきた時系列的な感染の推移データを基本とし、国別の状況も組み込む。持田誠(浦幌町立博物館)、五月女賢司(大阪国際大学)、高橋そよ(琉球大学)の収集資料などを、デジタル化して組み込む。

著者

森 洋一 中澤 港

出版者

Population Association of Japan

雑誌

人口学研究 (ISSN:03868311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.27-39, 2003-11-30 (Released:2017-09-12)

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本論文は,ヒトの死亡についての新しいモデルを提示し,これが100を超える生命表に適合することを示すことで,その有用性・理論的重要性を示すものである。ヒトの死をモデル化するには,2つの競合するゴールがあるように思われる。現実の生存曲線を記述することと,病因論的な変数で死亡を説明するごとである。これまでは,この2つのゴールを1つのモデルで達成したものはなかった(Woodら,1992)。Gavrilov and Gavrilova (1991)の雪崩モデルにヒントを得て本論文で構築した単純な病因論的モデルは,これら2つのゴールをともに達成したと考えられた。フランス,日本,スウェーデン,米国の生存曲線に対して,このモデルを最小二乗法で当てはめたところ,最適なパラメータの場合にはきわめて良い適合が得られ,しかも日本についてみると,これらのパラメータは,現実の歴史的変化を十分に説明していることが示された。

著者

門司 和彦 中澤 港 河野 泰之 梅崎 昌裕

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.60-67, 2014 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

19

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During the 20th century, Japanese society experienced dramatic demographic changes accompanied by shifts in the epidemiological and health-related domains. During this demographic transition, mortality rates have declined, life expectancy has increased, and fertility rates have declined. Since 2008, the population has decreased and is expected to continue decreasing, with a higher average age. These changes are associated with shifts in the distribution of employment opportunities ; in the composition of households ; and in the balance between rural and urban populations, in favor of the latter, with jobs moving from the agricultural sector to manufacturing and service industries. Lifestyles have changed, social bonds have weakened, and the economic gap between generations and genders has increased. These changes have challenged society's ability to provide adequate and financially sustainable medical and nursing services while also reducing the potential environmental burden on future generations. The close relationship between demographic and social changes underlying this transition renders it difficult to mitigate the effects of future aging and shrinking of the Japanese population. Indeed, to develop strategies for the post-transition reality, various scenarios related to the population dynamics of the future must be examined. To this end, we suggest replacing the concept of chronological age with one of biological and societal age. Biological age can be represented by life-expectancy-equivalent age or by healthy life-expectancy-equivalent age, and societal age can be represented by age-structure-equivalent age. A healthy aging population should be promoted by developing sound relations between health and the natural, man-made, and societal environment.