著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.66-84, 2007 (Released:2007-04-07)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

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This article explains the strategy and methodology for promoting citizen participation in the activities of biological diversity surveys basing on the experiences of the Environmental Resources Mapping Project in Osaka City. The project was carried out in fiscal years 1991-1997 by the municipal government with 1200 citizen participants; the author worked as the organizer of citizen volunteers throughout the project period. Encouragement of participants was attained by offering them opportunities for participation in group activities, by giving them intensive and systematic training through instructor group leaders and survey manuals, by providing them with opportunities to report the results of their own surveys, by publishing their findings in mass-media such as television and newspapers, and by issuing annual reports on the project. With active participation, the project was able to publish four colored environmental resource maps, one course guidebook, and two mesh data books as final reports on its activity. Since the completion of the project, the network of citizen volunteers, one of the most valuable fruits of the project, has been maintained by shifting the work base to the Eco Museum of Osaka, a center for environmental education founded in 1997.

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

(社)大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.4, pp.225-240, 2007 (Released:2007-08-07)

参考文献数

38

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West Nile virus (WNV), St. Louis Encephalitis virus (SLEV) and Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) are closely related and all belong to the JEV antigen group of flaviviruses. An epidemic of WNV was first reported from the United States in 1999, where an SLEV epidemic had been observed since 1933 in central and southern regions. Recently, the probability of the spread of WNV to Japan has increased year by year. The present article first described the relationship between the WNV and SLEV epidemics in the United States in order to suggest the existence of a cross-immunity to WNV caused by SLEV infection in the American population. Secondly, the past and present status of JEV epidemics and JEV vaccination in Japan were explained in relation to the socio-economic changes after the Second World War. Finally, the article suggested that the level of cross-immunity to WNV caused by natural infection and vaccination with JEV in the Japanese population may not be high enough to prevent a WNV epidemic after the possible future spread of WNV to Japan.

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.199-214, 2005 (Released:2005-08-08)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2

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An alien species is defined as a species, subspecies or lower taxon occurring in a country or region outside that of its historically known range due to introduction by humans. Introduction can be either direct, as in the case of socio-economically valuable species that are imported, or indirect, as in the case of those that arrive accidentally together with imported goods and human immigrants. The term “invasive species” is given to alien species that, through predation, competitive substitution and gene contamination, adversely affect native biodiversity, the environment, agriculture, forestry, fisheries and human safety in the countries or regions to which they have newly immigrated. In Japan, the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004, and went into force as of June 1, 2005. This article describes, first, factors affecting immigration, settlement and expansion of alien species, second, the present situation of recognized alien species in Japan and, third, countermeasures to be taken against alien species including invasive ones.

著者

今井 長兵衛 前田 理

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.4, pp.367-372, 1976

被引用文献数

3 11

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京都産ヒトスジシマカを用いて卵期に発育を休止する現象を実験的に検討した。1)卵をDO高濃度の水や蒸留水, くみおき水に浸すと孵化率が低いが, DO低濃度の水やクロレラを含む水に浸すと高率に孵化した。2)短日(8時間日長)で飼育した成虫からの卵は長日(16時間日長)で飼育した成虫からの卵と比較すると低い孵化率を示した。また親成虫の吸血時期をおくらせると孵化率の低下がみられた。3)うまれた卵を24時間以上の保湿の後に7日間乾燥させると, くみおき水やDO高濃度の水での孵化率が著しく低下したが, その後にクロレラを含む水やDO低濃度の水に浸すと大部分が孵化した, 6時間以下の保湿の後に乾燥させた卵は大部分が死亡した。4)長日飼育の成虫と短日飼育の成虫とからの2卵群をそれぞれ二分して7日間乾燥させた場合と浸水放置した場合とを設定し, おのおのを高低3段階のDO濃度の水につけて孵化率を調べた。いずれのDO濃度においても長日浸水放置区に比較して他の3区での孵化率の低下がみられ, 最も低かった短日乾燥区では中濃度以上のDOに対する孵化率は0%であった。以上の結果にもとづいて, ヒトスジシマカの孵化反応性とその適応的意義について考察を行なった。

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.483-500, 2006 (Released:2006-12-07)

参考文献数

86

被引用文献数

1

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Papers were reviewed in order to reveal the developmental process of the environmental education concept from the Stockholm Declaration (1972) to the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014) and to clarify the principle of education for sustainable society as a current phase of environmental education. Among the many issues, the author emphasizes the need for education on local environmental pollution, awareness of the assailant versus sufferer relationships in every environmental problem, participation in action and movements against global environmental crisis, and global partnerships between assailants, mostly in ‘developed’ countries, and sufferers, mainly in ‘developing’ countries, against economic globalization. The urgent goals of education for sustainable society are considered to be the eradication of poverty, diseases, violence, discrimination, and social injustice in ‘developing’ countries, most of which have been caused by globalization and the ‘developed’ countries. The conventional environmental ethic is considered as a combination of the inter-generation ethic and the space ship ethic. The former says that the present generation is the assailant of the future generation while the latter states that all people on earth are equally crew members of the earth as a space ship. These two ethics ignore the existence of assailants and sufferers in both present and future generations and place the sufferers in the present generation under a false charge as assailants of the future generation. A new environmental ethic should be established on the basis of the inter-generation ethic and an alternative to the space ship ethic, namely the inter-area ethic that declares the existence of assailants and sufferers in both present and future generations.

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.25-29, 1988-01-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

5

著者

堀田 毅 永井 正一 小林 勝 黒田 孝一 今井 長兵衛 西 弘次 竹谷 美枝子 光野 幸子

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.39-46, 1977 (Released:2010-10-28)

参考文献数

33

著者

山崎 一夫 高倉 耕一 今井 長兵衛

出版者

THE LEPIDOPTEROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

蝶と蛾 (ISSN:00240974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.173-175, 2010-07-30 (Released:2017-08-10)

参考文献数

14

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オオタバコガの幼虫が大阪市の家屋内でパンを摂食しているところを見出された.この幼虫は偶然に人家,食料品店,あるいはパン製造所のいずれかに侵入し,パンを見つけて摂食にいたったものと考えられる.この幼虫はそのままパンを食餌にして飼育したが,蛹化せずに死亡した.本報告は大蛾類が加工穀物食品を加害した稀な報告例であり,本種のパン食の記録としては2例目である.本種は葉以外に花や果実などを好んで摂食する習性があり,鱗翅目幼虫を捕食することも知られている.本種において稀にパン食が見出されるのは,多食性とタンパク質を多く含む食物を選好する習性が原因なのかもしれない.

著者

今井 長兵衛 高見沢 一裕

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.211-216, 1979-09-15 (Released:2016-09-04)

被引用文献数

1 1

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1)非イオン系界面活性剤, polyoxyethylene (6 mol) lauryl ether (PEL)のイエバエに対する殺虫効果を, 室内実験と実地散布により検討した。2)局所施用法のLD_<50>値(μg/♀)は北港群で270,高槻系で260であった。3) 虫浸漬法の死亡率は, 0.3%液に2秒間浸漬すると55%, 320秒間浸漬すると95%であり, 0.6%液に2秒間浸漬すると82%, 40秒間浸漬すると100%であった。4)噴霧試験の死亡率は, 0.3%液を1秒間噴霧すると11%, 15秒間噴霧すると89.2%であり, 0.6%液を1秒間噴霧すると25.7%, 10秒間噴霧すると100%であった。5)実地試験では, 0.1l/秒の割合で散布すると効果がなかった。10l/秒の割合で散布すると, 条件によって50&acd;91%の減少率であったが, イエバエの密度が高いと減少率が低く, 薬量-減少率直線の傾きが小さかった。6)以上の結果から, 殺虫効力, 殺虫機構および実用性を検討し, 補助的な防除手段の1つとして, PELを使用しうると考えた。

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.12-26, 2006 (Released:2006-02-08)

参考文献数

122

被引用文献数

1

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Textbooks and papers from both the social and the natural sciences were reviewed in the context of the concept of the environment and the subject matter of environmental biology. Basing on the results, the author concluded that the environment is a subject-dependent entity that is realized only when we take into consideration a living organism as subject, including humans. The human environment consists of many environmental factors, each of which is distributed, at a distance from a human or human group as subject, in an epistemological, non-physical space. A human subject can shorten the epistemological distance from its environmental factors by intensifying recognition of the environment. We can thus recognize the global environment in spite of its physical distance from our bodies. Environmental biology is an environmental science which deals with complex interactions in humans as subject, other living organisms as “second subject” and their environments. The major issues of environmental biology are the human impact on living organisms and vice versa, the impact of living organisms on environments and vice versa, the conservation or reconstruction of biological diversity, and, as a final goal, the establishment of sustainable coexistence between humans and other living organisms.

著者

今井長兵衛

雑誌

昆虫と自然

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.20-21, 2005

被引用文献数

1

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

(社)大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.6, pp.341-352, 2004 (Released:2005-01-27)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3

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The possibility of West Nile virus (WNV) activity in Japan is discussed in reference to WNV ecology and epidemics in the USA, where the virus appeared in 1999 and rapidly expanded its distribution area with increasing numbers of patients. The arrival of WNV in Japan would occur through three transporting systems: WNV-infected mosquitoes carried mostly by plane; import of infected pet birds; and migration of infected wild birds. Once in Japan, the spread and symptoms of WNV disease among human beings and horses would be more serious and drastic in Japan than in the USA. The reasoning for this is that the level of cross-immunity of Japanese against WNV induced by the smaller wave of recent epidemics of the closely related Japanese encephalitis virus must be lower than that of Americans due to the larger wave of recent epidemics of the closely related Saint Louis encephalitis virus. Public participation as well as governmental efforts would be a vital necessity to prevent the arrival of WNV and to control epidemics after arrival. As countermeasures, surveys of three subjects should be conducted first: vector mosquitoes inside planes from WNV epidemic regions, including the USA; dead birds infected with WNV; and vector mosquito breeding sites. Second, reduction of breeding sites and/or application of insect growth regulator (or insecticides) should be carried out in and around dwellings and workplaces. Third, citizens should be encouraged to protect themselves from mosquito bites.

著者

今井 長兵衛 池本 孝哉 高木 正洋 矢麦 寿雄 POHAN Wesly HASIBUAN Halomoan SIRAIT Halomoan PANJAITAN Willem

出版者

日本衛生動物学会

雑誌

衛生動物 (ISSN:04247086)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.293-300, 1988

被引用文献数

2 12

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インドネシア国北スマトラ州の1海岸村落に生息するマラリア媒介蚊Anopheles sundaicusの発生源を, 日本・インドネシア共同, 北スマトラ地域保健プロジェクトの一環として, 1980&acd;1985年に調べた。主要発生源は開放的な氾濫原, ココヤシ裁培用の灌漑水路, 自家消費用の小規模な養魚池, 道端の水たまりであり, これらはいずれも年間の最高潮位かそれと同等の高潮位のときにのみ。潮汐作用の影響を受ける高塩分濃度止水域に分布していた。他方, 毎日の潮の干満の影響を受ける感潮域低湿地, 自然植生に密に被覆された水域, 水田, および低塩分濃度(おおむね0.1%以下)の水域に位置する養魚池は発生源として不適であった。浮游藻類やウキクサ等は時に幼虫と共存していたが, それらの繁茂していない水域に, より多数の幼虫が生息していた。好適な発生源は年間最高に近い潮位が記録された直後の1985年5月においても, 感潮域低湿地に沿った地域や河口付近など, 比較的限られた地域にのみ分布していた。

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

日本環境動物昆虫学会

雑誌

環動昆 (ISSN:09154698)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.189-197, 2007-12-28

参考文献数

43