著者

大久保 街亜

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.88-93, 2009-09-30 (Released:2016-12-01)

被引用文献数

6

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In the late 1990s, the American Psychological Association advocated improved statistical practices, including reporting confidence intervals (CIs) and effect sizes. Since this statistical reform, the numbers of reports in international academic journals of psychology which have included the CI and effect sizes have increased. We investigated the evidence for statistical reform in Japan by examining papers published from 1982 to 2008 in the Japanese Journal of Psychonomic Science. The reports which included CIs and effect sizes were extremely rare in the journal even after 2001. This observation suggests that this statistical reform has not yet started among Japanese researchers in psychology.

著者

大久保 街亜

出版者

一般社団法人 CIEC

雑誌

コンピュータ&エデュケーション (ISSN:21862168)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.12-17, 2019-12-01 (Released:2020-06-01)

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帰無仮説検定への過度の依存が問題となっており,改革が求められている。『コンピュータ&エデュケーション』においてその改革が進んでいるか検討するため,2014年から2018年に掲載された論文における統計に関する記述を精査した。推測統計を行った論文の90%で帰無仮説検定が行われたものの,効果量やサンプルサイズ設計について記載がほとんどなかった。これは帰無仮説検定におけるp値に依存した状態であるにもかかわらず,そこから脱するための改革が進んでいないことを示唆する。効果量を記載するなど改革を行うことにより,統計処理の適切性が増し,結論の妥当性が高まる。教育で特に重要である実用的有意性に関する情報を得ることができる。より良い実証研究のために今後の改革が期待される。

著者

.*石川 健太 末木 新 小山 貴士 大久保 街亜

雑誌

日本心理学会第86回大会

巻号頁・発行日

2022-07-29

著者

石川 健太 大久保 街亜

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2AM-096, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

大久保 街亜

出版者

専修大学人間科学学会

雑誌

専修人間科学論集. 心理学篇 (ISSN:21858276)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.81-89, 2011-03-15

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Reaction time is used to measure various types of human performance such as perception, memory, and problem solving. Many constructs, from unconscious prejudice to intelligence to personality, can also be measured by use of reaction time. It is, therefore, fundamentally important to remove the influence of spurious long reaction time in a positively skewed distribution, which reaction time data tends to follow. The present article evaluated methods for dealing with reaction time outliers. These methods were categorized into three types : Sample selection, transformation, and whole distribution analysis. In this article, I summarized pros and cons of these methods and made suggestions for a practical reaction time analysis.

著者

高野 陽太郎 石川 淳 大久保 街亜

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.586-591, 2002-12-01 (Released:2008-10-03)

参考文献数

18

著者

高野 陽太郎 大久保 街亜 石川 淳 藤井 大毅

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.287-300, 2001-09-01 (Released:2008-10-03)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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This study compared Cosmides's (1989) social contract theory with Cheng & Holyoak's (1985) pragmatic reasoning schema theory as accounts of the thematic content effect in the Wason selection task. The former explains the effect in terms of an innate algorithm, whereas the latter explains it in terms of learned schemata. Cosmides prepared a “switched rule,” in which an antecedent and a consequent in the original conditional rule were interchanged so that the innate algorithm could not be applied while the pragmatic reasoning schema could. She found that the effect disappeared, and concluded that the effect is not produced by the pragmatic reasoning schema. However, the context attached to the switched rule revealed that this rule could hardly be interpreted as a permission rule, which could invoke a pragmatic reasoning schema. We made small modifications in Cosmides's switched rule and its context so that this rule could be interpreted as an obligation rule, which could also invoke a pragmatic reasoning schema. The cost-benefit relation in the context was held essentially unchanged so that the innate algorithm could not be applied. As a result, the thematic content effect appeared for the switched rule as well. This finding favors the pragmatic reasoning schema theory over the social contract theory, and thus largely reduces the plausibility of the hereditary account of reasoning ability. It was stressed that especially strong evidence is needed for hereditary accounts because they might well be utilized to justify social prejudice and discrimination.

著者

大久保街亜 岡田謙介著

出版者

勁草書房

巻号頁・発行日

2012

著者

大久保 街亜 鈴木 玄 Nicholls Michael E. R.

出版者

日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.5, pp.474-481, 2014-12

著者

石川 健太 山口 美和子 澤 幸祐 高田 夏子 大久保 街亜

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.87-92, 2014

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This study investigated the effect of interpersonal dependency on judgments of gaze direction of individuals with different facial expressions. Based on interpersonal dependency scores, 46 participants were divided into two groups (high interpersonal dependency and low interpersonal dependency). Participants judged the gaze direction of photographs of faces with angry, neutral or happy expressions. Relative to the low interpersonal dependency group, the high interpersonal dependency group was more accurate in the judgments of gaze direction. This tendency was more salient for the happy and neutral expressions than for the angry expressions. Since people with high interpersonal dependency are highly motivated to seek support from others, this result suggests that they are sensitive to signals with pro-social information such as the gaze direction of others with positive attitudes.

著者

小林 晃洋 大久保 街亜

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.60-68, 2014

被引用文献数

8

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The Operation Span Test (OSPAN) is widely used to assess working memory capacity. However, this instrument has been rarely used to test Japanese participants because its task was not sufficiently difficult. The mean score for the original computerized OSPAN often reached a ceiling when Japanese participants were tested. In this study, we developed a computerized version of OSPAN for Japanese participants by increasing the task difficulty of the arithmetic procedures. The OSPAN scores were normally distributed and the mean score was approximately 50%. There were positive correlations between OSPAN scores and other scores of working memory measurements, such as a reading span test and a digit span test. These results suggest that the Japanese OSPAN is a reliable and valid measurement of working memory to test Japanese participants.