著者

山本 直彦 田中 麻里 牧 紀男

出版者

奈良女子大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2010-04-01

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本研究は、インド洋大津波後のバンダアチェ市内外に建設された再定住地を対象とした。まず、全住戸への質問紙調査を行い、被災前の住宅所有状況などを把握した。次に範囲を絞って悉皆調査を行い、再定住地入居後の生活について聞き取りを行った。以上から生活再建を、①仕事の再建(仕事があること)、②コミュニティ形成が進むこと、③住宅に住み続けられることを視点として、市内と市外の再定住地を比較した。市外の再定住地入居者は、市内の再定住地入居者より、いずれの生活再建状態も厳しく、今後の定住・転出動向は、インフォーマルセクターの仕事へ従事か否か、仕事場へ通勤可能か否かで分かれる可能性があることを指摘した。

著者

山本 直彦 布野 修司 平尾 和洋 川畑 良彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. F-1, 都市計画, 建築経済・住宅問題 (ISSN:13414534)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, pp.859-860, 2004-07-31

著者

林 勲男 杉本 良男 高桑 史子 田中 聡 牧 紀男 柄谷 友香 山本 直彦 金谷 美和 齋藤 千恵 鈴木 佑記

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2008-04-08

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大規模災害被災地への人道支援や復興支援は、災害規模が大きくなるほど、地域を越え、国を越えたものとなる。そうした支援が被災地の従来の社会関係資本を正しく評価し、それを復旧・復興に活用し、さらにはその機能と価値を高めることによって、将来の更なる災害に対する脆弱性を克服することに繋がる。しかし、地域や国を越えての異なる文化や社会構造の理解は容易ではなく、多分野の専門家や住民との協働が求められる。それは、開発途上国の被災地への支援だけでなく、先進国で発生した災害の被災地支援についても同様であることが、2011年3月発生の東日本大震災で示された。平穏時から、対話と協働に基づく活動と研究が重要である。

著者

布野 修司 山田 協太 山本 直彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.185-191, 2005-06-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

30

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Authors have been conducting the field research under the title 'Origin, Transformation, Alteration and Conservation of Urban Space of Colonial cities' since 1999. The cities where we carried out field studies are Cape Town (South Africa), Cochin (India), Galle (Sri Lanka), Malacca (Malaysia), Jakarata, Surabaya (Indonesia), Elmina (Ghana), Recife (Brazil), Paramaribo (Suriname), Willemstad (Dutch Antilles) etc.. We had grasped almost all the factories, forts and cities constructed by VOC and WIC, collecting old maps, documents and literatures from ARA (Algemeen Rijksarchief), KB (Koninklijke Bibliotheek) in Den Haag and KITLV (Koninklijk Institut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde) in Leiden. Batavia was the capital of VOC which was called 'Queen of Asia'. The plan of Batavia is thought to follow the plans of cities in mother country as Amsterdam, Delft and so on. Among many architects and engineers who were active in 16^<th> century, Simon Stevin attracts us as a theorist of urban planning. This paper discusses the relationship between the spatial form of Batavia and S. Stevin's 'Ideal City'.

著者

山本 直彦 布野 修司 平尾 和洋 川畑 良彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.171-178, 2005

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This paper analyses the influence of Balinese Hindu principle on the urban formation of Gianyar, one of the traditional towns founded in 18th century in Bali Island. Even though Balinese towns and villages have common house compounds as a fundamental unit, the structure of the settlements make several significant differences between towns and villages. In contrast with the linear composition of villages, urban structure of Gianyar rather has its focus in the center of the town. The analysis on caste distribution also illustrates the importance of the center. The emergence of urban blocks in Gianyar brought about several plot division patterns as opposed to the simple back-to-back plot division in the villages. However the analysis has revealed that the variety of plot division patterns in Gianyar is regulated by the sole principle i.e. the avoidance of building the gate for each house compound toward the north direction. The well-known Balinese cosmological concept of Nawasanga not only influences the planning of the house compound but also the urban formation.

著者

竹内 雅人 星野 隼人 向井 洋一 山本 直彦 増井 正哉 宮内 杏里

出版者

神戸大学都市安全研究センター

雑誌

神戸大学都市安全研究センター研究報告 (ISSN:13429167)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.175-192, 2018-03

著者

宮内 杏里 山本 直彦 増井 正哉 田中 麻里 パント モハン 濱岡 飛鳥 向井 洋一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.731, pp.93-103, 2017

被引用文献数

2

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&nbsp;This paper aims to discuss the areal extent and spatial structure of neighborhood, called <i>tol</i>, which possibly demarcate urban fabric with respect to worship and funeral procedure. Bhaktapur is known as one of the historic cities of the World Heritage Site in Kathmandu Valley. The analysis focuses on the house distributions that have the common votary area of the guardian deities' shrine and the use of the same crossing for funeral procedure.<br>&nbsp;A <i>tol</i> is one of the traditional neighborhood units. But it is not clear how <i>tols</i> are structured and what <i>tols</i> have in common. First, we take a look into the existing studies on origin and outline of a <i>tol</i>, and pay special attention to the following two studies. A research done by Pant (2001) has taken the approach that the key to consider a <i>tol</i> is the areal extent of worship to the guardian deities, <i>ganesh</i>. Another research done by Gutschow (1975) has claimed that the clue to determine <i>tol</i> boundaries is the ways of the Dead to crematories. It consider a <i>tol</i> as equivalent to the areal extent of use of the same <i>chwasa</i> which is a stone found often at the crossings on the way to crematories from the diseased houses.<br>&nbsp;<i>Ganesh</i> is often considered as a guardian deity at various neighborhood levels. That of a <i>tol</i> is called Tol Ganesh. A Tol Ganesh is normally placed on the main square in a <i>tol</i>, except when there is a presence of a more prominent deity of wider importance in the main square. People in the same <i>tol</i> usually worship the same Tol Ganesh. We find out that those living urban dwellings in located on both sides of a street worship to the same Tol Ganesh, but the depth of its areal extent on one side of a street seems shallow than the other side.<br>&nbsp;<i>Chwasa</i> is an aniconic ritual artifact made of a single stone placed on the crossing. Various articles left by the diseased are disposed on the stone as a part of the funeral procedures, for example clothes, umbilical cord or inauspicious belongings of the dead. We found 7 <i>chwasas</i> in the case-study area to the east of Dattatraya square. However the inhabitants in the peripheral part of the old city do not use these <i>chwasas</i> but use the temples or the crematories outside the city area. People living in the midst of the city area after disposing articles of the dead on <i>chvasa</i> also use the temples afterwards.<br>&nbsp;Next we compare the areal extent of worship to Tol Ganesh with that of use of <i>chwasa</i>. Whether or not a <i>ganesh</i> shrine and <i>chwasa</i> are closely placed will determines overlapping extent of both votary areas. However it became clear that the areal extent of use of <i>chwasa</i> have the same character with that of worship to Tol Ganesh in terms of <i>Ryogawa-cho</i> structure explained below and the difference in horizontal depth perpendicular to the street.<br>&nbsp;Finally, our suevey located <i>tol</i> boundaries in the eastern part of Bhaktapur. It turned out that there were 2 types of <i>tol</i> boundaries. i.e. the more common type whose boundaries lying on the backside of houses (<i>Ryogawa-cho</i> type), and the other one with boundaries lying on the street (<i>Katagawa-cho</i> type). Compering these three boundaries, (Tol Ganesh, <i>chwasa</i> and <i>tol</i>), <i>Katagawa-cho</i> type <i>tol</i> boundaries seem to be an exception. But we will try to find particular meaning in them in the next paper on historic urban formation.

著者

山本 直彦 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.556, pp.265-272, 2002

被引用文献数

1 1

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Primary concern of this paper is kampongverbetering (kampong improvement in Dutch East Indies), which was to have significant influence on postcolonial improvement. Major findings in this paper consist of following points. 1. Examination into the kampongverbetering implemented in Dutch East Indies reveals that postcolonial improvement known as KIP apparently owes its basic ideas to its predecessor. 2. Accomplishments of kampongverbetering supervised by the central government show close resemblance to the items prescribed by detailplan, which was the forthcoming driving force of the contemporary city-planning act. 3. Kampong Sidodadi, one of the first kampongs improved in Surabaya in 1929,turns out to be still inhabited by Madurese as it was in the colonial period despite constant change of the residents. 4. Observance of building lines in Sidodadi had been closely related to the drainage gutters installed both in colonial and post colonial period.