著者

藤盛 真樹 鳥谷部 純行 角 伸博 嶋﨑 康相 宮澤 政義 宮手 浩樹 北田 秀昭 佐藤 雄治 三澤 肇 山下 徹郎 中嶋 頼俊 針谷 靖史 小林 一三 西方 聡 太子 芳仁 杉浦 千尋 笠原 和恵 浅香 雄一郎 榊原 典幸 岡田 益彦 柴山 尚大 末次 博 鈴木 豊典 阿部 貴洋 谷村 晶広 工藤 章裕 道念 正樹 川口 泰 野島 正寛 牧野 修治郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本口腔外科学会

雑誌

日本口腔外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.4, pp.168-183, 2022-04-20 (Released:2022-06-20)

参考文献数

38

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Tooth extraction is reported as the main trigger of bisphosphonate (BP) -related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). A method to prevent BRONJ has not been scientifically proven. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) differs from the International Task Force on Osteonecrosis of the Jaw with regard to the prevention of BRONJ via prophylactic withdrawal before tooth extraction. We performed a multicenter prospective study regarding the development of BRONJ after tooth extraction in BP-treated patients for the purpose of determining factors associated with the frequency of BRONJ. We extracted teeth from patients with a history of current or prior treatment with BP preparations; teeth were extracted using a common treatment protocol. The presence or absence of BRONJ and adverse events were evaluated. A total of 1,323 cases were targeted for this study; 2,371 teeth were extracted. The overall incidence of BRONJ was 1.74%; in the prophylactic withdrawal group it was 1.73%, whereas in the prophylactic non-withdrawal group it was 1.75%. Factors associated with the onset of BRONJ were sex, preparation adaptation classification, oral hygiene state, site of tooth extraction, and Denosumab usage. From analysis that considered the effect of confounding using the propensity score, prophylactic BP withdrawal did not result in a reduction of BRONJ (onset odds ratio with withdrawal: 1.13, 95%CI 0.36-3.57).

著者

工藤 章

出版者

信州大学経済学部

雑誌

信州大学経済学論集 (ISSN:02880466)

巻号頁・発行日

no.16, pp.p61-79, 1980

著者

工藤 章

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.1-29,I, 1987-04-30 (Released:2009-11-06)

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This paper aims at clarifying reasons why IG Farben failed in selling the lisence of the IG method for synthetic oil through an analysis of documents held BASF Archive and other documents. In the middle of 1930 es IG Farben changed its starategy and decided to sell the lisence of the IG method for synthetic oil abroad as well as in Germany. Its first target was Japanese market. In those years it dominated in Japan a boom for synthetic oil industry. IG Farben made every effort and approached to South Manchurian Railway Company, Mitsubishi Mining Co., Ogura petroleum Co. and other 10 companies or projects. It could not, however, succeed in concluding any contract with them. There can be three hypotheses to explain IG's failure : (1) The International Hydrogeneration Engineering and Chemical Co., which was established by four big enterprises incuding IG and held the hydrogeneration patent, restrained IG's effort; (2) Strict conditions presented by IG Farben discouraged Japanese companies which intended to introduce the IG method; (3) Japanese Navy, which was trying to develop socalled Navy method for itself, opposed against introducing the IG method strongly. My analysis reveals : (1) In spite of IHEC's negative attitude IG had chances to conclude contracts with some Japanese companies till 1939; (2) There were some cases where Japanese side did not take presented conditions too strict; and (3) The Navy hindered effectively projects of some companies such as South Manchurian Railway Company and Ogura Petroleum Co. Results of my analysis abandon former two hypotheses, but do not abandon the last one.

著者

工藤 章

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.3, pp.1-26, 1989-10-30 (Released:2009-11-06)

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Generally, the international transfer of technology occurs from a country posessing a high level of technology to one of a lower level. Prior to the Second World War many German technologies were introduced into Japan. There was, however, at least one case where they tried to transfer Japanese technology to Germany. It was the case of Ostasiatische Lurgi-Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung located in Berlin.The company, Ost Lurgi, was established in March 1926 as a joint venture of Mitsubishi Goshi, Metallgesellschaft and Degussa. The initiator of the establishing Ost Lurgi was Fritz Haber, inventer of the Haber Bosch process, who visited Japan in 1924, thought highly of the standard of Japanese technology and originated a number of proposals for technico-industrial cooperation between Germany and Japan. One of his idealistic proposals gave rise to the establishment contract of Ost Lurgi.The purpose of Ost Lurgi was to transfer Japanese technology to Germany. The Shimazdu process for manufacturing battery cells and ship hull paint owned by Shimazdu Works was the only actual proposal as to Japanese technology. Degussa showed an initial interest, but reached a negative conclusion on this. Metallgesellschaft's dissatisfaction with the contract also deepened. As a result, Ost Lurgi was liquidated in December 1931, when the contract was invalidated. Ironically, in June 1932, the patent right for the Shimazdu process was established in the United States, followed by its transfer in France and Great Britain as well as in the United States, but not in Germany. In the light of the present context of booming Japanese direct investment in West Germany, this failed attempt, however, can be seen as a pioneering technico-industrial endevour, from which there is much still to learn.

著者

工藤 章 宮原 昭二郎

出版者

環境技術学会

雑誌

環境技術 (ISSN:03889459)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.209-214, 1986-03-30 (Released:2010-03-18)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

Yamada R. Tao G. Zheng J. KOJIMA R. FUJIKAWA Y. SASAKI T. 工藤 章

出版者

環境技術学会

雑誌

環境技術 = Environmental conservation engineering (ISSN:03889459)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.12, pp.931-939, 1999-12-20

参考文献数

51

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Studies on ice cores drilled in Antarctic, Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice caps provide the environmental composition and the climate in the past. This information and further study will help in the understanding of the basic natural processes and the extent of human impact on the environment and climate. This will eventually enable us to predict the future of the environment. This review summarizes the state of the art methodologies used in ice core studies, with highlights on the recent studies in this group.

著者

工藤 章

出版者

福島大学経済学会

雑誌

商学論集 (ISSN:02878070)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.p71-123, 1977-01

著者

サーラ スヴェン 川喜田 敦子 工藤 章 田嶋 信雄 ヴィッピヒ ロルフハラルド 加藤 陽子 石田 勇治 萩谷 順

出版者

上智大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

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本研究は、近代日本とドイツの関係史において、両国の相互イメージの形成とその形成要因、そして、このような相互イメージが二国間関係に与えた影響を明らかにしようとするものであった。2010・11年の日独修好150周年の催し物として、この研究をまとめる国際会議が2010年12月に行われ、20人の研究者が日独相互イメージを分析し、そのイメージを表象する視覚的資料を紹介した。なお、日独関係史の研究者のネットワークが深化された。日本とドイツは現在では、強い友好関係で結ばれているとはいえ、過去には、両国のメディアにおいて歪曲された他国のイメージが浮かび、そして、現在でも浮かぶことが明らかになり、多様な啓蒙活動の必要性が指摘された。