著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
熊本県立大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2017-04-01

2018年度は、1)国内外の図書館・博物館での史料調査・撮影、2)出版物計6点:英語雑誌論文1点、英語図書分担執筆2点、日本語図書分担執筆1点、日本語報告書分担執筆1点、日本語書評1点、3)学会報告計3回:国際会議等2回、国内学会1回、4)『天経或問』研究会の運営、5)関連史料の収集とデータ整理、がおもな活動だった。1)については、中国と日本の計11の図書館・博物館において史料調査・撮影を行った。その成果は、2019年度以降に論文等の形で発表してゆく予定である。2)については、新発見の天文器具「ジュネーブ天儀」について詳しく紹介・分析した雑誌論文「The Geneva Shpere: An Astronomical Model from 17th Century Japan」(Technology and Culture 60(1))や、イエズス会科学とキリスト教思想との関連について論じた英語図書分担執筆「Jesuits, Cosmology and Creation in Japan’s “Christian Century” (1549–1650)」(Visual and Textual Representations in Exchanges between Europe and East Asia所収)、また天学成立以前の長崎における天文地理学について考察した報告書論文「アリストテレスを運気論で読み解く-『南蛮運気論』と17 世紀長崎における西学理解-」(『天と地の科学-東と西の出会い-』京都大学人文科学研究所)など、計6点を出版した。3)16~17世紀日本への西洋科学伝来にまつわる英語報告や、天学の重要著作『天経或問』の現存諸本についての国内学会発表など、計3回行った。4)「『天経或問』研究会」は、本年度は計10回開催、のべ33人が参加した。5)上記1)の調査を通じて、関連史料の撮影・収集を行い、そのデータ整理と分析を進めた。
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
日本科学史学会
雑誌
科学史研究. 第II期 (ISSN:00227692)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.242, pp.65-77, 2007-06-26
参考文献数
42
被引用文献数
1

This paper discusses the content and characteristics of a hitherto unexamined manuscript Tenmongata kakitome (Astronomical Note), Isahaya City Library, Nagasaki. This anonymous and undated manuscript is a compilation of 83 short passages concerning mainly Western astronomy and geography. Although almost all the passages lack information about the sources from which they are taken, textual comparison clearly reveals that a half of them (41 passages) corresponds to the text of the Nigi ryakusetsu, a typical of Nanban astronomy books which originated from Jesuit missionary activities during the 'Christian century' in Japan (1549-1650). Moreover, the other passages contain much information relating to Rangaku (Dutch studies), such as Latin and Dutch texts with Japanese translations. Textual comparison reveals that some of them obviously correspond to those seen in the Nichigetsukei wage (Translation about the sundial and moondial) of Motoki Ryoei (1735 -1794), a famous Nagasaki interpreter of Dutch. These facts show that this compilation was completed later than the Tenmei era (1781-1788), probably around Nagasaki, by extracting and combining several texts of the two books as well as the other sources. In effect, the Tenmongata kakitome is not only a rare example which illuminates the transmission of these two books, but also provides the evidence that the two lines of circulation, i.e. those of Nanban and Rangaku astronomy, which were hitherto thought un-interrelated, certainly met each other at least later than the Tenmei era.
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
日本科学史学会
雑誌
科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.246, pp.95-111, 2008 (Released:2021-08-05)

In 1593-94, a Spanish Jesuit Pedro Gomez (1533-1600) completed his tripartite textbook for use by students preparing for the priesthood at Jesuit colleges in Japan. Its first part, De sphaera (On the Sphere), is well known as the first full-scale presentation of Western cosmology in Japan. However, it has been rarely noted that its third part, Compendium catholicae veritatis (Compendium of Catholic Belief), which treats theology, also contains such technical astronomical data as the dimension of the heavens. Comparison of Compendium's data with those seen in astronomy books in contemporary Europe has shown that some of the numerical values in fact correspond to those of a famous Jesuit mathematician Christoph Clavius (1537-1612), whose influence on De sphaera has already been indicated. This paper, while providing a modern Japanese translation of the related chapter in Compendium, first investigates the derivation of the data and, second, examines whether it influenced similar data seen in Kenkon Bensetsu (A Discussion on the Heavens and the Earth with Critical Commentaries) and its variant copy Tenmon Biyo (Compendium for Astronomy), both composed in the mid 17th century and attributed to the apostate Portuguese Chuan Sawano (Christovao Ferreira, ca.1580-1650).
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
日本科学史学会
雑誌
科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.242, pp.65-77, 2007 (Released:2021-08-11)

This paper discusses the content and characteristics of a hitherto unexamined manuscript Tenmongata kakitome (Astronomical Note), Isahaya City Library, Nagasaki. This anonymous and undated manuscript is a compilation of 83 short passages concerning mainly Western astronomy and geography. Although almost all the passages lack information about the sources from which they are taken, textual comparison clearly reveals that a half of them (41 passages) corresponds to the text of the Nigi ryakusetsu, a typical of Nanban astronomy books which originated from Jesuit missionary activities during the 'Christian century' in Japan (1549-1650). Moreover, the other passages contain much information relating to Rangaku (Dutch studies), such as Latin and Dutch texts with Japanese translations. Textual comparison reveals that some of them obviously correspond to those seen in the Nichigetsukei wage (Translation about the sundial and moondial) of Motoki Ryoei (1735 -1794), a famous Nagasaki interpreter of Dutch. These facts show that this compilation was completed later than the Tenmei era (1781-1788), probably around Nagasaki, by extracting and combining several texts of the two books as well as the other sources. In effect, the Tenmongata kakitome is not only a rare example which illuminates the transmission of these two books, but also provides the evidence that the two lines of circulation, i.e. those of Nanban and Rangaku astronomy, which were hitherto thought un-interrelated, certainly met each other at least later than the Tenmei era.
著者
大橋 幸泰 清水 有子 平岡 隆二 岸本 恵実 折井 善果 牧野 元紀
出版者
早稲田大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2017-04-01

2019年度も前年度に引き続き、世界各地に散在しているキリシタン関係史料の調査を進め、科研メンバーの研究課題に有益な成果が得られた。ポルトガルのアジュダ図書館・エヴォラ公共図書館における調査では、キリシタンが殉教者として認定されるために必要とされた情報・証言の史料や、イエズス会日本管区代表プロクラドールの関係史料を見いだした。スペインの王立アカデミー図書館における調査では、「鎖国」へ向かう時期の日本の殉教報告、教皇への書翰の作成に関する史料、ヨーロッパで日本布教をめぐる主導権争いの史料などを発見した。国内では、国立公文書館のほか、高知・長崎・大分・天草などで調査を行い、キリシタン禁制関係の史料を採集した。これにより、キリシタン禁制政策を維持する宗門改・類族改の実情を明らかにできる。ただし、年が明け新型コロナウイルス感染拡大の影響により、2020年3月の調査が不可能になった。そのため、一部の予算を2020年度に繰り越し、調査予定を繰り延べた。一方、2019年度で特筆するべき点は、6月22日にシンポジウム「近世東アジアにおけるキリシタンの受容と弾圧」を早稲田大学で開催したことである。清水有子「日本におけるキリシタン禁令の成立過程―正親町天皇の永禄8年京都追放令を中心に―」、マルタン・ノゲラ・ラモス「失われたキリシタン民衆の声を求めて―島原天草一揆後の排耶書を中心に―」、ピエール・エマニュエル・ルー「日本から中国までの禁教―清代の絵踏を中心に―」、牧野元紀「近世ベトナムにおけるキリシタンの受容と弾圧」の4本の報告と、三野行徳「支配・統治の仕組みとしてのキリシタン禁制・弾圧を考える」の1本のコメントを用意し、近世東アジアのキリシタンをめぐる対応について、共通点・差異点を議論した。50人以上の参加者を得て、有意義な討論ができたと思う。
著者
岩城 卓二 平岡 隆二 東野 将伸 鎌谷 かおる 久留島 浩 武井 弘一 小林 准士 瀬戸口 明久
出版者
京都大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2021-04-01

本研究は、石見銀山附幕領では銀山・銅山・鉄山の三つを結節点に、幕領内の農村・山村・海村などが有機的に連関する広域的な「幕領社会」が形成されていたという視点から、とくに研究が手薄な銅山・鉄山の支配・社会構造の解明を通じて、非農業世界からみた「幕領社会」論の構築をめざすものである。具体的課題は、銅山師堀家文書の研究、鉄山の研究、幕領村の研究、鉱山の開発・操業技術の科学史的位置付けと、操業にともなう自然環境変化の研究である。また、研究者と地域住民が一つの史料群を囲んで地域の歴史を考え、地域住民が主体となった文化財保存・活用の場を創造する。
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
長崎歴史文化博物館
雑誌
研究紀要 (ISSN:18815359)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1, pp.51-60, 2006
被引用文献数
2
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
日本科学史学会
雑誌
科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.289, pp.2-21, 2019 (Released:2021-01-24)

The Tianjing huowen 天経或問 of You Yi 游藝 (fl. 17C.) is a book on natural philosophy, composed under strong influence from the scholarly circle led by Fang Yizhi 方以智 (1611-1671) in the Jiangnan region. Although this book is known to have been more widely distributed in Japan than in China, no extensive survey of its textual exemplars has so far been carried out. Based on a survey of existing printed editions and manuscripts of the book, this paper seeks 1) to specify the most important exemplars useful for restoring the text of the book, and 2) to clarify the aspects of this bookʼs textual production and circulation, especially in Japan, where the majority of surviving exemplars are found.
著者
渡邉 顕彦 伊藤 博明 平岡 隆二 Tunberg Terence O. Schirg Bernhard
出版者
大妻女子大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2015-04-01

研究期間中に1)P.Palumbo (1573) Non Recedat Volumen Legis Huiusの背景および近世初期日本における受容について、2)ヴァティカン写本(MS. Reg. lat. 426)の最後部にあるラテン語寸詩および叙事詩断片計4点の内容および源泉について、3)B.Pereira (1640) Paciecidos Libriの背景や内容について、調査や発表を行った。特に2)の、近世初期日本人神学生によって筆写されたのではないかと推定される擬古典ラテン語詩4点が、1588年にリスボンで刊行された書籍から採られているとほぼ同定できたことが最大の成果である。
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
八坂書房
雑誌
洋学 : 洋学史学会研究年報
巻号頁・発行日
no.18, pp.1-50, 2010-08-01 (Released:2011-04-14)

近世初期の日本で成立したキリシタン系宇宙論書の一つである「南蛮運気論」(一七世紀中頃成立)は、西洋のアリストテレス・プトレマイオス的宇宙論に遡源する内容を持ちながら、その本文に中国の天文・気象・医学理論である「運気論」にまつわる引用や術語の改変等が混在することから、日欧科学交流の黎明期における興味深い所産として知られている。この「南蛮運気論」が、元イエズス会士で転びバテレンの沢野忠庵(一五八〇頃~一六五〇)等の手によって成立した「乾坤弁説」の異本であるということは、大矢眞一氏が一九五〇年にその旨を説く 論考を発表して以来定説となったが、近世を通じて写本の形で伝わった同書の本文はまだ活字出版されておらず、諸本の伝存・流布状況に関する研究もほとんど未開拓のまま残されている。そこで本稿では、これまで調査 することのできた「南蛮運気論」写本計十二点を紹介しつつ、とりわけ同書が近世期の知識人にどのように写し 伝えられ、どのように読まれたのかという問題に焦点をしぼって考究・分析することにする。 Nanban unkiron (Yunqi theory of "Southern barbarians", c. mid-17th century) is an interesting example of a mixture of Western Aristotelian-Ptolemaic cosmology and Chinese Yunqi theory in the seventeenth century Japan. The book has been known as a variant copy of Kenkon bensetsu (Discussion on the heavens and the earth), the original draft of which was composed by the Apostate Jesuit Sawano Chuan (Christovao Ferreira, c. 1580-1650), but an extensive survey of its extant manuscripts had not been done. Based on a survey of twelve manuscripts, the present study gives the first description of how the book was circulated and read by Japanese intellectuals in the Edo period as well as the bibliographical stemma of the manuscripts. My conclusions can be summarised as follows: (1) Of the twelve extant manuscripts of Nanban unkiron, nine were made during the Edo period and three were made after the Meiji Restoration. Of the nine early modem manuscripts, five have been practically unknown to the scholarly world, and, in fact, four of the five had such titles, different from Nanban unkiron, as Tenmon yokai, Tenmon sho and Nanban tenchiron. This means that the circulation of the book was far wider than has previously been acknowledged. (2) The colophons attached to several manuscripts and some other evidence show that the owners in the Edo period were such figures as Okochi Terutsuna (17th century), Tani Kakimori, Toita Yasusuke, Obata Chutatsu (18th to 19th century). It is also confirmed that the book was disseminated in various parts of Japan : Nagasaki, Kawagoe, Edo, Tosa and Tohoku. (3) Abibliographical analysis of the manuscripts showed that [01] Okochi MS, [2] Mtsura MS and [3] Yamauchi MS can be used to reconstruct the archetype of Nanban unkiron. Since these early munuscripts contain many different readings and share some in a very intricate way, it is not an easy task to reconstruct the archetype. This fact, however, conversely reveals that the book was already sought after and well studied by Japanese intellectuals in seventeenth century. (4) Apart from the case of Matsudaira Terutsuna, we have no witness confirming that readers in the Edo period recognized the Christian origin of the book. On the contrary, some readers in the 18th even explicitly argued that it could not be of Nanban origin and others tacitly identified it as a Japanese book, most specifically one on Yunqi theory by a Japanese physician. All this shows that the book underwent a very unique and different process of circulation and reception from that other cosmology book of Jesuit origin.
著者
平岡 隆二
出版者
日本科学史学会
雑誌
科学史研究. 第II期 (ISSN:00227692)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.246, pp.95-111, 2008-06-25
被引用文献数
1

In 1593-94, a Spanish Jesuit Pedro Gomez (1533-1600) completed his tripartite textbook for use by students preparing for the priesthood at Jesuit colleges in Japan. Its first part, De sphaera (On the Sphere), is well known as the first full-scale presentation of Western cosmology in Japan. However, it has been rarely noted that its third part, Compendium catholicae veritatis (Compendium of Catholic Belief), which treats theology, also contains such technical astronomical data as the dimension of the heavens. Comparison of Compendium's data with those seen in astronomy books in contemporary Europe has shown that some of the numerical values in fact correspond to those of a famous Jesuit mathematician Christoph Clavius (1537-1612), whose influence on De sphaera has already been indicated. This paper, while providing a modern Japanese translation of the related chapter in Compendium, first investigates the derivation of the data and, second, examines whether it influenced similar data seen in Kenkon Bensetsu (A Discussion on the Heavens and the Earth with Critical Commentaries) and its variant copy Tenmon Biyo (Compendium for Astronomy), both composed in the mid 17th century and attributed to the apostate Portuguese Chuan Sawano (Christovao Ferreira, ca.1580-1650).