著者

鈴木 円 Madoka SUZUKI 昭和女子大学初等教育学科

出版者

光葉会

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.892, pp.83-95, 2015-02-01

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The term Spartan education, translated into Japanese as "Suparuta kyoiku" is widely used nowadays to mean "severe education." This paper reviews 12 Japanese books or articles on Spartan education published from the 1870s to the 1970s and examines how the authors have understood Spartan education and in what context they have used the term. The above materials, published from the early Meiji to post-war period, suggest that Japanese learned about the education system of ancient Sparta from Western academic sources. However, after the influential bestseller, Shintaro Ishihara's Suparuta Kyoiku(Spartan Education; A book for raising tough kids), was published, leading Japanese educators seem to have begun using the term "Suparuta kyoiku" to mean Japanese militaristic education. Historically, Western classical scholars have acknowledged the value of Spartan public education in contrast to Athenian individualistic education. However, Japanese educators seem to have failed to understand the value of Spartan education because of the change in the understanding of the term "Suparuta kyoiku." The author concludes that educators ought to have used that term with that original sense in mind.

著者

毛呂 裕子 島谷 まき子 Yuko MORO Makiko SHIMATANI 昭和女子大学生活心理研究所 昭和女子大学大学院生活機構研究科

出版者

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学生活心理研究所紀要 = Annual bulletin of Institute of Psychological Studies, Showa Women's University (ISSN:18800548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.87-97, 2010-03-31

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The purposes of this study were to examine:(1) how knowledge and experience about mental disorderprescribe social attitude to person with mental disorder by quantitative analysis; (2) what factors are besides that knowledge and experience which prescribe that social attitude, and whether there is a possibility how that social attitude changes by qualitative analysis. 313 subjects(107 males,206 females, average age 22.7 years) completed a questionnaire. Analyses showed that so rich in knowledge and experience about mental disorder, social distance was close to person with mental disorder, the image was positive.After semi-structured interviews to 5 people(three men,two women,average age 24.0 years) was performed, it was revealed that it is different in social attitudes depending on the difference in the positions to personwith mental disorder. In other words, when the occasion concerned as the social member was near the socialdistance,and the degree concerned with its family was high, the social distance became far. The image had both negative and positive.

著者

森 ます美 Masumi Mori 昭和女子大学生活機構研究科

出版者

昭和女子大学女性文化研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学女性文化研究所紀要 = Bulletin of the Institute of Women's Culture, Showa Women's University (ISSN:09160957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.12-29, 2014-03-31

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The wage increase is the inevitable issues to expanding domestic demand for Japan which is faced with the challenge of overcoming deflation. In this situation, since the 2000s, the measuring standard/minimum cost of living has attracted attention for wage increase policy. National trade union centers and researchers measured them. This paper compares four standard/minimum cost of living. Our findings are as follows. The difference in level is large to say the standard/minimum cost of living. Then, to enhance the effectiveness of measuring standard/minimum cost of living for the wage increase policy, the more research on the standard of living and wages being guaranteed to the workers is required.

著者

昭和女子大学光葉会 [編]

出版者

昭和女子大学光葉会

巻号頁・発行日

1950

著者

関口 靜雄 岡本 夏奈 阿部 美香 昭和女子大学歴史文化学科 昭和女子大学大学院生活機構研究科生活文化研究専攻一年 昭和女子大学歴史文化学科

出版者

光葉会

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.898, pp.55-61, 2015-08-01

著者

岸田 依子 Yoriko Kisida 昭和女子大学文学研究科

出版者

昭和女子大学女性文化研究所

雑誌

昭和女子大学女性文化研究所紀要 = Bulletin of the Institute of Women's Culture, Showa Women's University (ISSN:09160957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.83-85, 2015-03-31

著者

竹田 喜美子 小林 靖子 Kimiko TAKEDA Yasuko KOBAYASHI 昭和女子大学生活環境学科 昭和女子大学大学院生活学科研究専攻:(現)(株)シナジー

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.777, pp.77-91, 2005-07-01

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The research focused on the entrance design of apartment houses where troubles between pet-keepers and non-pet-keepers occur one after another. The researchers analyzed the architectural and mental factors which worsen their relationships aiming to establish a system for the peaceful cohabitation of dwellers of both types, and explore the would-be plan of sharing a space which would enhance pet communication. The other purpose of this research is to get the basic knowledge of the cohabiting environment for elderly pet-keepers. From the results, the following proposals can be made. 1. As a system, the management association of the apartment house makes it compulsory for the pet-keepers to register their pets and join the 'Keepers' Society' which makes rules for keeping pets, strives to keep good manners concerning pet-keeping, acts to cultivate the dwellers' community for the keepers, and tries to mediate with the non-keepers for their understanding and cooperation. 2. For shared space to enhance pet communication and to avoid troubles, the following ideas would be beneficial. a. To avoid troubles, the apartments with 'divided entrances' where the keeper and non-keeper use their own entrance is desirable. b. Another idea is that 'shared entrances' have some merit in that they give chances to the dwellers to communicate. c. The most desirable model is to build outside and to one side of the 'divided entrance' for pet-keepers a space with seating and equipment for pets so that non-keepers who love animals can mingle with keepers if they wish while non-keepers who dislike animals can avoid contact. 3. To make a supporting system for the elderly pet-keepers, the 'shared entrance' is desirable. One could expect the elderly keepers to become friends with other keepers when they meet at the entrance. These meetings may motivate them to participate more in the 'Keepers' Society'. With this system, it is more likely that the offer of pet-sitting or pet-adoption will be extended to the elderly when needed.

著者

稲川 照芳 昭和女子大学現代教養学科

出版者

光葉会

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.874, pp.1-22, 2013-08-01

著者

中西 裕 昭和女子大学文化創造学科

出版者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.805, pp.32-39, 2007-11-01

著者

昭和女子大学女性文化研究所編

出版者

御茶の水書房

巻号頁・発行日

2012

著者

昭和女子大学近代文学研究室 [編]

出版者

光葉会

巻号頁・発行日

1956

著者

昭和女子大学近代文学研究室 編

出版者

近代文化研究所

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第34巻, 1971

著者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

出版者

光葉会

巻号頁・発行日

no.375, 1971-03

著者

昭和女子大学光葉博物館企画・編集

出版者

昭和女子大学光葉博物館

巻号頁・発行日

2019

著者

久下 裕利 昭和女子大学文化創造学科

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.855, pp.83-85, 2012-01-01

著者

友野 清文 昭和女子大学総合教育センター

出版者

光葉会

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.883, pp.97-110, 2014-05-01

著者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

出版者

光葉会

巻号頁・発行日

no.578, 1988-02

著者

遠藤 祐 元昭和女子大学

出版者

昭和女子大学

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.767, pp.2-18, 2004-09-01

著者

大野 英士 昭和女子大学総合教育センター

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.799, pp.1-11, 2007-05-01

著者

佐野 武仁 内田 敦子 Takehito SANO Atsuko UCHIDA 昭和女子大学生活環境学科 昭和女子大学生活環境学科 Department of Human Environmental Science and Design Showa Women's University Department of Human Environmental Science and Design Showa Women's University

出版者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.813, pp.49-57, 2008-07-01

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There are various theories about the origin of glass. One is that glass beads were made during the time of the Old Kingdom in Egypt (27th-22nd century BC). Another suggests that glass was first manufactured around 18th-17th century BC. The truth is uncertain. Without a doubt, however, glass has been a notable feature of a great deal of architecture, most notably the Crystal Palace which was built on the grounds of the first World Exposition, held in Hyde Park, London, in 1851. It was an enormous building made from an iron frame work and glass. The theme of this paper is the continuing evolution of glass architecture. It discusses design, and plans which make full use of state-of-the-art technology to achieve energy conservation. Here, the term "glass architecture" refers to buildings whose outer walls and roofs are mainly or entirely made of glass. The distinguishing features of glass architecture can be described as follows: (1) In glass architecture, the aim is to bring more light into the building, and thereby create building with a healthy environment and outstanding occupant comfort, which prevents people from getting sick. This can be achieved by skillfully using natural conditions such as light and heat. (2) Transparent architecture allows people to see the sunny sky on clear days, and the cloudy sky when it is overcast. Sunshades are indispensable fixtures which enable adjustment of light and heat. (3) Glass architecture is the starting point for greenhouses, and the standard practice is to investigate greenhouses first when looking at design and functions such as ventilation or the heat/light environment. (4) If intelligent design and function are built in, then it is possible to construct glass architecture with outstanding occupant comfort, and low overhead thanks to energy conservation. (5) Since there are too many types of glass, and this makes things difficult to understand, a classification is used which combines the glass manufacturing process and sunshades.