著者

岡井 彰男 五十崎 俊介 山口 巧 田中 守 池川 嘉郎 末丸 克矢 荒木 博陽

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.27-30, 2004-01-10 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

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Triclofos sodium syrup (Tricloryl® syrup) is mainly used for pretreatment in EEG examinations and sedation before CT and MRI. The unpleasant taste of the syrup, however, occasionally causes compliance problems with children. As we had also experienced difficulties in obtaining sufficient supplies of this medicine for a few months, we prepared a chloral hydrate syrup in our hospital as a substitute for triclofos sodium syrup, aiming to reduce the unpleasant taste and smell of chloral hydrate in the process. Stability and sterility were also investigated. The results of a taste test in healthy volunteers showed that the taste and smell of a 4% chloral hydrate syrup were improved by using an apple flavor, aspartame and a simple syrup base. In our stability and sterility study under the storage condition of 4°C with shading over 6 months, the potency of the syrup was maintained (95 %) and there was no bacterial contamination. These results suggest that the 4% chloral hydrate syrup prepared in our hospital as a substitute for triclofos sodium syrup could improve the compliance of children.

著者

鴻海 俊太郎 末丸 克矢 川崎 博己 町支 臣成 日比野 俐 荒木 博陽

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.197-201, 2009-02-01

被引用文献数

2

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The rate of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are involved in the sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia. We have revealed that nicotine ameliorates the disruption of the PPI, a model of sensorimotor gating, which is induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, but is not effective for the disruption of the PPI induced by phencyclidine, a glutamine NMDA receptor antagonist, in rats. Furthermore, the ameliorating effect of nicotine is antagonized by methyllycaconitine, a selective α_7 nAChR antagonist. The effect of nocitine was also investigated in the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine, however, nicotine was found to have no significant effect. Considering these results, the ameliorating effect of the disruption of the PPI via α_7 nAChR is therefore thought to be involved in dopaminergic systems. The dopaminergic systems involved in α_7 nAChR may be different from the systems involved in stereotypy. In addition, this review describes the effects of the α_7 nicotinic receptor agonists.

著者

田中 守 末丸 克矢 荒木 博陽

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.318-323, 2007 (Released:2008-06-30)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

3 4 2

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Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is considered to be an important approach in making clinical decisions regarding the care of individual patients. We conducted a drug information training program applying EBM principles (EBM practice) as part of the hospital practical training curriculum for fourth-year undergraduates at Ehime University Medical School, and describe the EBM practice and its evaluation by students in the present report. In the EBM practice, students received two lectures and training on providing drug information using the EBM approach. We gave students a specific question, which required them to read clinical research articles (meta-analysis or randomized controlled study) in order to answer it.The training program consisted of 5 steps : STEP 1 Defining the specific question that needs to be answered ; STEP 2 Finding the best evidence to answer the question ; STEP 3 Critically evaluating the evidence to assess its validity and usefulness ; STEP 4 Applying the results of the critical evaluation in practice ; STEP 5 Presentation of drug information and discussion.After the training, we asked participating students to complete a questionnaire regarding their opinions of the training program and lectures. Almost all of the students felt satisfied with the EBM practice because it enabled them to enhance their understanding of the EBM process. Our findings suggested that the EBM practice was a useful training program for students.

著者

鴻海 俊太郎 末丸 克矢 川崎 博己 町支 臣成 日比野 俐 荒木 博陽

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.197-201, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The rate of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are involved in the sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia. We have revealed that nicotine ameliorates the disruption of the PPI, a model of sensorimotor gating, which is induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, but is not effective for the disruption of the PPI induced by phencyclidine, a glutamine NMDA receptor antagonist, in rats. Furthermore, the ameliorating effect of nicotine is antagonized by methyllycaconitine, a selective α7 nAChR antagonist. The effect of nocitine was also investigated in the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine, however, nicotine was found to have no significant effect. Considering these results, the ameliorating effect of the disruption of the PPI via α7 nAChR is therefore thought to be involved in dopaminergic systems. The dopaminergic systems involved in α7 nAChR may be different from the systems involved in stereotypy. In addition, this review describes the effects of the α7 nicotinic receptor agonists.

著者

渡邉 真一 井上 直人 今井 公江 末丸 克矢 荒木 博陽 相本 太刀夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.221-226, 2006-03-10 (Released:2007-11-09)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

9 11

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Interest in dietary fiber has been growing due to the many benefits it has for health. It is well known that dietary fiber reduces the risk of developing health problems such as obesity, hypertension, constipation, type 2 diabetics and hyperlipidemia. However, dietary fiber is also known to reduce the bioavailability of minerals, nutrients and certain drugs, though the interaction between dietary fiber and drugs is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined the adsorption of drugs (theophylline, acetaminophen, metoprolol, chlorpromazine, imipramine, amitriptyline and diclofenac sodium) onto several types of dietary fiber (cellulose, chitosan, pectin, sodium alginate and glucomannan) at pH 3 and pH 7 in order to determine the in vitro adsorption characteristics of dietary fiber. Our findings indicated that adsorption of drugs onto dietary fiber ranged from 0 to 96%, varying with the types of dietary fiber and drugs, and pH. Chlorpromazine, imipramine and amitriptyline showed particularly marked adsorption onto sodium alginate and glucomannan. We considered that ionic bonding was one of the reasons for adsorption.These findings indicate the possibility of the bioavailability of drugs being reduced when they are taken with dietary fiber due their adsorption onto dietary fiber.

著者

末丸 克矢 荒木 博陽 五味田 裕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, no.5, pp.295-300, 2002 (Released:2003-01-21)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

5 4

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神経性ニコチン性アセチルコリン受容体(nAChR)は,αサブユニットとβサブユニットから構成される5量体のイオンチャネル型受容体であり,多くの神経伝達物質の放出を促進することによって精神機能にさまざまな影響を及ぼす.従来より,喫煙と各種精神病疾患の関係について多くの調査や研究が行われ,精神分裂病,うつ病および不安などの精神病疾患と喫煙の間に正の関連性があることが示されている.その喫煙動因として,ニコチンの中枢刺激作用により精神疾患の症状を自ら改善しようとする試み(self-medication),またはニコチン退薬症候に伴う症状の悪化をニコチン再摂取により軽減させていることが考えられている.近年,nAChRサブユニットのノックアウトマウスや各種精神疾患の動物モデルを用いて神経性nAChRの精神薬理作用の解明が進み,精神分裂病の注意障害や情報処理障害にはα7 nAChRが,またニコチン依存および退薬症候にはα4β2 nAChRが関与していることが示唆されている.

著者

田中 亮裕 渡邉 真一 中野 夏代 宮本 仁志 中西 和雄 流郷 昌裕 伊東 亮治 田内 久道 守口 淑秀 池川 嘉郎 末丸 克矢 長谷川 均 高田 清式 相引 眞幸 安川 正貴 荒木 博陽

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.232-239, 2010 (Released:2012-03-09)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions by the Department of Infection Control and Prevention in promoting the proper use of antibiotic drugs for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prescribed to inpatients.We performed 3 interventions : 1.Protocol improvement for anti-MRSA drug use ; 2.Change in alcohol-based handrub and training in hand hygiene and 3.Devised reporting system for drug use.The effects of the interventions were determined by segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series for drug usage and cost before and after the interventions were commenced.The change in slope of drug use was -1.05 vials/1000 inpatients per month (95% Confidence interval (C.I.) -2.84,0.74)and the change in level was -8.21 vials/1000 inpatients (95% C.I.-14.67,-1.75).There was a significant decrease in the ratio of the patients receiving anti-MRSA drugs to MRSA incidence between before and after the interventions.These results suggested that usage of anti-MRSA drugs was immediately reduced by the interventions to promote the proper use of drugs.An ordinary estimate of reduction in costs was ¥29 million per year while a more conservative estimate produced a decrease of ¥20 million per year.These findings suggest that monitoring antimicrobial use and promoting the proper use of antibiotics for MRSA are important roles for pharmacists to perform.

著者

武市 佳己 末丸 克矢 井門 敬子 山下 梨沙子 天野 学 町田 仁 宮岡 弘明 池田 富士子 大澤 春彦 牧野 英一 荒木 博陽

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.9, pp.629-635, 2009

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It has been reported that earthquakes tend to aggravate the physical and mental conditions of diabetic patients in particular due to interruption of their medication and perhaps tremendous deterioration in their living conditions as well.In this study,we conducted a survey of diabetic patients concerning their preparedness for earthquakes at three hospitals in Ehime Prefecture.The results indicated that many diabetic patients did not have a sufficient supply of emergency medicines in the event of such a disaster.In addition,many seemed to be unaware of the names of the medicines that they were taking.Based on these results and previous findings,we prepared"The Disaster Preparedness Guide for Patients with Diabetes" which includes information on medication,food,and ways of monitoring their health.The printed manual was distributed to hospitals in Ehime Prefecture and the PDF file of it was uploaded to the website of Ehime University Hospital.Afterwards,we conducted an anonymous survey of diabetic patients and medical staff concerning this material.Most respondents considered our guide to be useful for learning about disaster preparations.These findings suggest that it is necessary for medical staff to educate diabetic patients adequately concerning disaster preparations.

著者

末丸 克矢 山下 梨沙子 武市 佳己 山口 巧 公平 恵崇 岡本 千恵 五十崎 俊介 井門 敬子 田中 守 三好 裕二 守口 淑秀 池川 嘉郎 荒木 博陽

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.139-145, 2006

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

11 18

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We have been conducting a four-week practical hospital training course incorporating experience-oriented programs for fourth-year undergraduate students at Ehime University Hospital. There are 17 such programs in the curriculum among them instruction in the self-administration of insulin and bronchial asthma inhalers, nutrition support, drug counseling training using case-based learning procedures and role-play practice (CBL practice), and evidence based medicine (EBM practice) based on the provision of drug information. Self-learning exercises were devised for CBL and EBM practices. At the end of the practical hospital training course, we conducted a questionnaire survey concerning understandability, extent of previous understanding, training time, necessity of each program and degree of satisfaction with it. Analysis of the responses showed that student satisfaction with the practical training program was positively and significantly correlated with understandability (r=0.756, p<0.01) and degree of experience received (r=0.538, p<0.05). However, there was no correlation between satisfaction and previous understanding, training time or necessity. These results suggest that the experience-oriented programs enhanced students' understanding of the hospital practical training and also increased their satisfaction with it.

著者

三好 淳子 井門 敬子 松岡 綾 武市 佳己 山口 巧 岡本 千恵 末丸 克矢 荒木 博陽

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.233-237, 2005-03-10

被引用文献数

10 14

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At the Division of Pharmacy in Ehime University Hospital, we conduct drug counseling training for undergraduate students and graduate students aimed at helping them acquire communication skills as well as clinical knowledge. The program relies largely on case-based learning (CBL) procedures and role-play practice using video tape recordings. In the following, we describe the drug counseling training program and report the results of a student evaluation of the program. The training program consists of the following : 1. Explanation of the procedure of the practical training; 2. Presentation of a mock case file-including a patient profile, diagnosis, clinical history, laboratory data and prescription; 3. Explanation of how to collect drug information; 4. Study of individual cases by students, 5. Role-play in providing drug counseling and recording this on video (with a student in the counseling role and a pharmacist in the patient role) and 6. Discussion and review by students and clinical pharmacists (including the person who played the patient role) after watching the video recording. After the training, we conducted a survey of the participating students by questionnaire regarding their opinions of the training program. Almost all of the students considered the practical training to be useful because it enabled them to evaluate their performance in drug counseling and communication skills objectively. They also felt that the guidance they had received from clinical pharmacists had been useful. Our training program on drug counseling using CBL procedures and video recordings is thus a simple method of training students which enables them to improve both their communication skills and clinical knowledge.