著者
新谷 肇一 青木 正夫 篠原 宏年
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.376, pp.51-65, 1987-06-30 (Released:2017-12-25)

Military hospitals was very important in Japan during the Meiji Era. The Meiji Goverment founded the army and navy under the national policy to enrich and strengthen the country. Armies were stationed throughout the country, where medical treatment facilities were systematically constructed. In 1871, an image plan for military hospitals was made by Ryojun Matsumoto who was the director of Surgeon Administration Department. His plan was reasonable and interesting because of constructing some of the appropriate hospitals intead of a large hospital, but they were not realized. In 1874, a model plan for the military hospitals was made under the guidance of a French Military engineer. Kumamoto and Nagoya Garrison Hospitals, the typical examples of the model plan built in 1875 and 1878. Both hospitals were composed of bilaterally symmetrical finger plan type with a large courtyard. In 1893, a standard planning for the military hospitals was made under the influences of German medical science, which was the first important standard of hospital architecture in Japan. Most of the military hospitals constructed afterwards were based on this standard.
著者
北岡 敏郎 青木 正夫 竹下 輝和
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.509, pp.113-119, 1998
被引用文献数
1 2

The purpose of this study is to clarify the concepts of the browsing area at public libraries and to explain the reason why the newspapers and magazines area has been used as the browsing area in Japan. The results are as follows; In the United States, it was important in 1960's how "the informal reading areas" should be arranged at public libraries, but they were combined into the one called either "the browsing area" or "the popular reading area", because the function of each was not defined clearly. Recently this informal reading area, now called the popular reading area, with a collection chiefly of fictions and furnished with easy chairs, has been planned for people unfamiliar with public libraries. In Japan, public libraries of 1960's, when they were based on the closed stack system, turned the newspapers and magazines area into the informal reading area furnished with easy chairs, which was called "the browsing area". Even when public libraries turned into the ones on the open shelf system, this area has been still called the browsing area.
著者
新谷 肇一 青木 正夫 高須 芳史 景山 正浩 篠原 宏年
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.390, pp.60-76, 1988-08-30 (Released:2017-12-25)

After World War I, the University Act was issued in 1918. By the Act, Medical colleges became Medical Universities and private Medical Universities were constructed, so the facilities of education and study were very prepared. The system of doctor's offices was established by the University Degree Act in 1920. The layout and floor planning of the hospitals affiliated with medical department developed. For instance, the outpatient functions were independent as Tokyo Imperial University and many other Universities. For another example, each clinic was completely independent as Kyoto Imperial University and Kyushu Imperial University and Chiba University where educatinal, researches, treatment, outpatients and hospitalization functions were gathered under the lecture systems. Regarding the treatment facilities, X-ray rooms and physical therapy rooms developed in each independent clinic. These independence of the outpatient functions and centralization of some treatment facilities mean that clinics were partly failed in their independence. Concerning the hospitalization facilities, central corridor type and large open patient room with simple partition increased as the types of wards. And patient's living functions were improved. For example, they were recreation room, dining room and so
著者
船越 正啓 上和田 茂 青木 正夫
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.614, pp.1-8, 2007-04-30 (Released:2017-02-25)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
2 1

The aim of this research is to make it clear how the custom of retirement from the headship of family has been succeeded and changed in the rural area of the Western Japan. The summary of this research is as follows; The custom of retirement from the headship of family has been succeeded, because the separate living type has been shown in over 60 percent of the examined families in each district. But the percentage of the separate living type differs in districts. In some districts, the ratio has been decreasing. That means that the principles of living and economic independence have been collapsing. In other words, the custom of retirement from the headship of family has shown the aspect of the diversification. The decrease of living in the separate house in the same lot results from the aging of the parents, the decline of the self-support ability, and the decline of financial ability. Most of the family hopes to live in the separated houses. In which, the mutual interference can be avoided. Still, some old parents hope to live together.
著者
竹下 輝和 青木 正夫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.358, pp.44-53, 1985-12-30 (Released:2017-12-25)

In Japanese nursery school, there is no standard of group formation of one-year-old children's class which can be seen in many foreign countries. In the existing circumstances, many classes respectively have large group formation, that is, each class consists of children whose range of growth is wide. In this study, in relation to the group formation of classes which is most important when a nursery room is planned, they is divided into the three conditions, that is, the group formation of the minimum age of 1 year and 6 months - the maximum age of 2 years and 7 months, that of the min. 1 year and 2 months - the max. 2 years, and that of the min. 1 year and 1 month-the max. 2 years and 7 months, and in each condition the experimental care is taken. After this, the influence on the one-year-old children and the nurse staffs is investigated and the suitable group formation is considered. As the result, this point is confirmed. In group formation of one-year-old children, conversions of nursery activities and nurse staffs' fatigue are relatively lightened in the nursery room planned so that each class may consist of children whose range of growth is narrow.
著者
竹下 輝和 青木 正夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)
巻号頁・発行日
no.358, pp.44-53, 1985-12-30
被引用文献数
1

In Japanese nursery school, there is no standard of group formation of one-year-old children's class which can be seen in many foreign countries. In the existing circumstances, many classes respectively have large group formation, that is, each class consists of children whose range of growth is wide. In this study, in relation to the group formation of classes which is most important when a nursery room is planned, they is divided into the three conditions, that is, the group formation of the minimum age of 1 year and 6 months - the maximum age of 2 years and 7 months, that of the min. 1 year and 2 months - the max. 2 years, and that of the min. 1 year and 1 month-the max. 2 years and 7 months, and in each condition the experimental care is taken. After this, the influence on the one-year-old children and the nurse staffs is investigated and the suitable group formation is considered. As the result, this point is confirmed. In group formation of one-year-old children, conversions of nursery activities and nurse staffs' fatigue are relatively lightened in the nursery room planned so that each class may consist of children whose range of growth is narrow.