著者

So Nakagawa Toshiaki Katayama Lihua Jin Jiaqi Wu Kirill Kryukov Rise Oyachi Junko S Takeuchi Takatomo Fujisawa Satomi Asano Momoka Komatsu Jun-ichi Onami Takashi Abe Masanori Arita

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-00085, (Released:2023-10-14)

参考文献数

53

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Since the early phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a number of research institutes have been sequencing and sharing high-quality severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes to trace the route of infection in Japan. To provide insight into the spread of COVID-19, we developed a web platform named SARS-CoV-2 HaploGraph to visualize the emergence timing and geographical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 haplotypes. Using data from the GISAID EpiCoV database as of June 4, 2022, we created a haplotype naming system by determining the ancestral haplotype for each epidemic wave and showed prefecture- or region-specific haplotypes in each of four waves in Japan. The SARS-CoV-2 HaploGraph allows for interactive tracking of virus evolution and of geographical prevalence of haplotypes, and aids in developing effective public health control strategies during the global pandemic. The code and the data used for this study are publicly available at: https://github.com/ktym/covid19/.

著者

TARO YAMAUCHI TAKASHI ABE TAISHI MIDORIKAWA MASAKATSU KONDO

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.112, no.2, pp.179-185, 2004 (Released:2004-08-11)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

6 9

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The body mass index [BMI = body weight/height2 (kg/m2)] is widely used as an indicator of obesity. However, BMI is not the best way to assess obesity, because obesity is an excess of body fat, not body weight. The difference between obesity assessments based on BMI and those based on the percentage of body fat (%Fat) causes problems in evaluating extraordinarily large people, such as Sumo wrestlers, who have both a large fat mass and a large muscle mass. We assessed obesity in male college Sumo wrestlers (n = 15) and non-athlete students (n = 20) using BMI and %Fat as reference indices. Anthropometric parameters and resting metabolic rate (in the sitting position) were measured. The mean body weight, BMI, and %Fat for Sumo wrestlers were 125.1 kg, 40.0, and 25.6%, respectively, which were extraordinarily high, as compared to non-athlete students (P < 0.01). All of the Sumo wrestlers were categorized as obese using the BMI criteria proposed by the World Health Organization: eight were ‘severely obese’ (35 ≤ BMI < 40) and seven were ‘very severely obese’ (BMI ≥ 40). However, only 40% of the wrestlers (n = 6) were categorized as obese when %Fat was used as the reference (%Fat > 25%). Furthermore, the body composition chart clearly showed that some Sumo wrestlers were no more adipose than the non-athlete students. Due to their remarkable muscle development, Sumo wrestlers have an excessive fat-free mass. Thus we conclude that it is necessary to consider both BMI and %Fat to assess obesity in excessively muscular people, such as Sumo wrestlers. Furthermore, we propose new criteria and methods for documenting obesity in Sumo wrestlers based on energy metabolism that considers physical activity and dietary intake.

著者

Hayao Ozaki Takashi Abe Alan E. Mikesky Akihiro Sakamoto Shuichi Machida Hisashi Naito

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.43-51, 2015-03-25 (Released:2015-03-23)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

2 13

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This paper reviews the existing literature about muscle hypertrophy resulting from various types of training to document the significance of mechanical and metabolic stresses, and to challenge the conventional ideas of achieving hypertrophy that exclusively rely on high-load resistance training. Low-load resistance training can induce comparable hypertrophy to that of high-load resistance training when each bout or set is performed until lifting failure. This is attributable to the greater exercise volume and metabolic stress achieved with low-load exercise at lifting failure, which, however, results in a prolonged exercise bout. Endurance exercises (walking and cycling) at moderate intensity are also capable of eliciting muscle hypertrophy, but at much slower rates (months rather than weeks) in limited muscle or age groups. Blood flow restriction (BFR) in working muscles, however, accelerates the development of metabolic fatigue, alleviating the time consuming issue associated with low-load or endurance training. These alternative training methods, however, cannot completely replace conventional high-load resistance training, which provides superior strength gain as well as performance improvement even for trained individuals. The alternative approaches, therefore, may be considered for those who are less enthusiastic or under certain medical conditions, or who have limited or no access to proper equipment. However, people should be aware that low-load resistance training or endurance training entails substantial effort and/or discomfort at lifting failure or with BFR. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each method will help in assigning the most suitable training program for each client’s goals and needs.

著者

TAKASHI ABE YOSHIMITSU KOHMURA KOYA SUZUKI YUKI SOMEYA JEREMY P. LOENNEKE SHUICHI MACHIDA HISASHI NAITO

出版者

The Juntendo Medical Society

雑誌

順天堂醫事雑誌 (ISSN:21879737)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JMJ23-0017-P, (Released:2023-07-24)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

4

---

Handgrip strength as a biomarker is being studied as a factor in predicting disease onset. However, the effect of improving handgrip strength through physical exercises, such as sports during the developmental period, on disease prevention has yet to be fully elucidated. The Juntendo Fitness Plus (J-Fit Plus) Study is a unique database of anthropometric and physical fitness measurements with over 50 years of accumulated data. It has the potential to explore the effects of sports on the association between handgrip strength and morbidity/mortality. We first outline previous studies on the impact of physical exercise interventions on handgrip strength, separated into adulthood and developmental period. We then introduced a unique effort to investigate the effects of sports using the J-Fit Plus Study database and describe the challenges of finally elucidating the impact of exercise on the association between handgrip strength and health status.

著者

Robert S. Thiebaud Jeremy P. Loenneke Takashi Abe

出版者

Active Aging Research Center

雑誌

Journal of Trainology (ISSN:21865264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.1-5, 2014-01-07 (Released:2015-05-04)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

3 6

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and results in a significant reduction in lung function and exercise tolerance. In addition, there is a significant decline in muscle mass and strength in these individuals. Unfortunately, other comorbidities associated with this disease such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and obesity may prevent them from exercising at sufficiently high loads to promote muscle hypertrophy. Also, acute exacerbations may prevent them from performing exercise at all. Objectives: This brief review will discuss the potential benefits of using blood flow restriction (BFR) when combined with walking, resistance training and electrical stimulation in COPD patients and possible safety concerns. Design and Methods: Non-systematic review. Results: BFR improves muscle size and function when combined with low-intensity walking or low-load resistance training. This treatment appears to be safe and has been used by many different populations including individuals with ischaemic heart disease. For COPD patients who are contraindicated to perform exercise, a potential treatment may be to combine neuromuscular electrical stimulation with BFR. Conclusions: BFR appears to be a potential treatment for increasing strength and muscle mass for COPD patients when high intensity exercise may not be tolerated. In addition, BFR may provide benefits for COPD patients who are unable to exercise by combining it with neuromuscular electrical stimulation.

著者

TAKASHI ABE YOSHIMI TAKIGUCHI MASAHIRO TAMURA JUNKO SHIMURA KEN-ICHI YAMAZAKI

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.225-237, 1995-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

13 19

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For endurance exercise in swimming mice, 1.8% VAAM (Vespaamino acid mixtiure) which has the same amino acid components as hornet (Vespamandarinia) larval saliva, 1.8% casein amino acid mixture (CAAM), 10% glucose, or amino acid mixtures in which the amino acids were varied while maintaining the same molar ratio as VAAM were administered orally to mice. Mice recieving 1.8% VAAM showed significantly longer maximum swimming times than mice receiving other nutrients. Among these nutrients, mixtures of proline, glycine, and essential amino acid mixture (EAAM) from the VAAM component, showed maximum times near those with VAAM. In swimming exercise in mice earring of 0.3g tail weight, mice administered 1.8% VAAM showed lower blood lactate concentrations and higher blood glucose concentrations than mice recieving other nutrients. Mice recieving 1.8% VAAM also had lower lactate concentrations in muscle as well as blood. This suggests that VAAM suppresses lactate production and glucose catabolism during exercise. The effects of hornet larval saliva were stronger than those of VAAM. VAAM therefore showed the major effect of the saliva. The results suggest that VAAM improves physiological condition during endurance exercise. A positive correlation was observed between the blood concentrations of lactate and glucose in exercising mice administered various nutrients (r=0.779) . This suggests metabolic equilibration between glucose and lactate during exercise. A positive correlation (r=0.507) was also found between the maximum swimming time and blood glucose concentration. Maximum swimming times were highest at low (Ca. 2.5 mMol) and high (Ca. 4.0 mMol) blood lactate concentrations in high blood glucose concentrations. These facts support that glucose homeostasis is important in prolonged exercise.

著者

Takashi Abe Jeremy P. Loenneke

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.7, pp.2147-2149, 2015 (Released:2015-07-22)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 20

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[Purpose] It is unknown whether handgrip strength dominance is related to the size of the forearm flexor muscles. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between side-by-side differences in handgrip strength and forearm muscle thickness. [Subjects] Thirty-one young women (26 right handed and 5 left handed) between the ages of 20 and 33 years volunteered to participate. [Methods] Two muscle thicknesses (forearm-ulna and forearm-radius muscle thicknesses) were measured using B-mode ultrasound at the anterior forearm on both sides of the body. Handgrip strength was also measured on both sides. [Results] The side-by-side difference in handgrip strength was 10.2% for the right-handed group, meaning the right hand was stronger. However, the left hand of the left-handed group was 7.8% stronger compared with their right hand. There was a significant positive correlation between side-by-side differences in handgrip strength and forearm-ulna muscle thickness (r = 0.765) and between handgrip strength and forearm-radius muscle thickness (r = 0.622). [Conclusion] Our results indicate that side-by-side differences in forearm muscle size may strongly contribute to handgrip strength dominance.

著者

Takashi Abe Robert S. Thiebaud Jeremy P. Loenneke Naotoshi Mitsukawa

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.6, pp.1893-1897, 2015 (Released:2015-06-30)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

10

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[Purpose] To test the hypothesis that toe grasping strength is associated with daily physical activity in older adults. [Subjects] Fifty-seven Japanese women, aged 52–78 years, volunteered. [Methods] Toe grasping and knee extension strength were measured. Physical activity was also measured, using an accelerometer, and the total duration of each level of exercise intensity (light, moderate, and vigorous) and average step counts were calculated. Subjects were separated into two groups on the basis of accelerometer-determined step counts: LOW (n=28, <8000 steps/day) and HIGH (n=29, ≥8000 steps/day). [Results] Body mass index and body composition (% fat and fat-free mass) were similar between the two groups. Absolute and relative toe grasping strengths (divided by body weight) were greater in HIGH than in LOW. However, both absolute and relative knee extension strength were similar between the groups. Relative toe grasping and knee extension strength correlated with all 3 intensities of physical activity and average step count. After adjusting for age, the duration of light plus moderate physical activity and average step counts correlated to toe grasping strength but not to knee extension strength. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that toe grasping strength may be associated with the amount of light intensity daily physical activity.

著者

TARO YAMAUCHI TAKASHI ABE TAISHI MIDORIKAWA MASAKATSU KONDO

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0406280009, (Released:2004-06-29)

被引用文献数

7 9

---

The body mass index [BMI = body weight/height2 (kg/m2)] is widely used as an indicator of obesity. However, BMI is not the best way to assess obesity, because obesity is an excess of body fat, not body weight. The difference between obesity assessments based on BMI and those based on the percentage of body fat (%Fat) causes problems in evaluating extraordinarily large people, such as Sumo wrestlers, who have both a large fat mass and a large muscle mass. We assessed obesity in male college Sumo wrestlers (n = 15) and non-athlete students (n = 20) using BMI and %Fat as reference indices. Anthropometric parameters and resting metabolic rate (in the sitting position) were measured. The mean body weight, BMI, and %Fat for Sumo wrestlers were 125.1 kg, 40.0, and 25.6%, respectively, which were extraordinarily high, as compared to non-athlete students (P 25%). Furthermore, the body composition chart clearly showed that some Sumo wrestlers were no more adipose than the non-athlete students. Due to their remarkable muscle development, Sumo wrestlers have an excessive fat-free mass. Thus we conclude that it is necessary to consider both BMI and %Fat to assess obesity in excessively muscular people, such as Sumo wrestlers. Furthermore, we propose new criteria and methods for documenting obesity in Sumo wrestlers based on energy metabolism that considers physical activity and dietary intake.

著者

Shyu KONNO Etsuko YAMAZAKI Masako KUDOH Takashi ABE Hideo TOHGI

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.9, pp.880-883, 2003 (Released:2006-03-27)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

11 14

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We report a 16-year-old woman with secondary generalization of partial seizure, who complained of an auditory disturbance after carbamazepine (CBZ) administration. She had been taking sodium valproate (VPA) from the age of 15. However, her seizures remained poorly controlled. We changed her antiepileptic drug from VPA to CBZ. At 1 week after CBZ administration, she noticed that electone musical performances were heard as a semitone lower. When oral administration of CBZ was stopped, her pitch perception returned to normal. If she had not been able to discern absolute pitch, she might have been unable to recognize her lowered pitch perception. Auditory disturbance caused by CBZ is reversible and very rare.(Internal Medicine 42: 880-883, 2003)

著者

Takafumi TANEI Yusuke NISHIMURA Yoshitaka NAGASHIMA Motonori ISHII Tomoya NISHII Nobuhisa FUKAYA Takashi ABE Hiroyuki KATO Satoshi MAESAWA Ryuta SAITO

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

NMC Case Report Journal (ISSN:21884226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.203-208, 2023-12-31 (Released:2023-07-13)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

---

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies is an extremely rare genetic disorder; it is an autosomal dominant disorder with a high incidence of neuropathic and/or musculoskeletal pain. A case of achieving pain relief by spinal cord stimulation using differential target multiplexed stimulation for a 44-year-old female patient with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies who was experiencing severe pain in her back, face, and all four limbs is presented. In her early teens, the initial symptoms were numbness and weakness of a limb after movement, which improved spontaneously. Transient pain in her back followed by systemic and persistent muscle weakness and pain developed. Deletion of the gene for peripheral myelin protein 22 was detected by peripheral nerve biopsy. The diagnosis of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies was made in her early thirties. A spinal cord stimulation trial was performed because her severe pain continued despite administering many medications. Therefore, two spinal cord stimulation systems were implanted at the C3-5 and Th8-9 levels by two procedures. Pain in her back, arms, and legs decreased from 8 to 1, 5 to 1, and 6 to 2 on the numerical rating scale, respectively. Furthermore, opioid usage was tapered. The pain of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies has a complicated pathogenesis and is resistant to pharmacological treatment. Spinal cord stimulation using differential target multiplexed stimulation may be a viable treatment option.

著者

Yoshitaka NAGASHIMA Yusuke NISHIMURA Takayuki AWAYA Nobuhiro HATA Takafumi TANEI Motonori ISHII Takahiro OYAMA Tomoya NISHII Nobuhisa FUKAYA Takashi ABE Hiroyuki KATO Ryuta SAITO

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-0251, (Released:2023-04-13)

参考文献数

15

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The Occipito (O) -C2 angle reflects the correct craniocervical spine alignment; however, the poor image quality of standard intraoperative fluoroscopy at times lead to inaccurate measurements. Herein, we preliminarily investigated the relationship between the O-C2 angle and the Gonion-C2 distance, which is based on the positioning of the mandible and the cervical spine. We enrolled patients who underwent cervical spine radiography in neutral, flexion, and extension positions from January 2020 to October 2020. The difference by posture changes for each parameter was defined as the Δ value, and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was determined. Furthermore, we determined the cutoff value of the ΔGonion-C2 distance to predict a decrease of > 10° in the ΔO-C2 angle, which is reported to be related to dysphagia and dyspnea. Seventy-four patients were included. Spearman's rank correlations for the neutral, flexion, and extension positions were 0.630 (P < 0.001), 0.471 (P < 0.001), and 0.625 (P < 0.001), respectively, while the cutoff values of the ΔGonion-C2 distance for predicting > 10° in the ΔO-C2 angle were 9.3 mm for the neutral flexion change (sensitivity: 0.435, specificity: 0.882) and 8.3 mm for the extension-neutral change (sensitivity: 0.712, specificity: 0.909). The O-C2 angle and Gonion-C2 distances correlated; however, this correlation was weaker in the flexed position. Nevertheless, the ΔGonion-C2 distance can be used as a warning sign for postoperative complications after posterior occipital bone fusion surgery, because a decrease of > 10° in the ΔO-C2 angle can be predicted with high specificity.

著者

Mungunkhuyag MAJIGSUREN Takashi ABE Teruyoshi KAGEJI Kenji MATSUZAKI Mayumi TAKEUCHI Seiji IWAMOTO Yoichi OTOMI Naoto UYAMA Shinji NAGAHIRO Masafumi HARADA

出版者

Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

雑誌

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.34-40, 2016-01-01 (Released:2016-01-12)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

10 21

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Purpose: T1-Cube (GE HealthCare) is a relatively new 3-dimensional (3D) fast spin-echo (FSE)-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence that uses a variable flip angle to acquire gap-free volume scans. We compared the gadolinium enhancement characteristics of a heterogeneous population of brain tumors imaged by T1-Cube and then 3D fast spoiled gradient recall acquisition in steady state (3D FSPGR) 3-tesla MR imaging to identify the superior modality for specific diagnostic purposes.Methods: We examined 61 lesions from 32 patients using the 2 sequences after administration of gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA; 0.1 mmol/kg). Two neuroradiologists independently measured each lesion twice using a region-of-interest (ROI) method. We measured the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the difference in signal intensity (SI) between the tumor and normal white matter relative to the standard deviation (SD) of the SI within the lesion, for both post-contrast 3D FSPGR and post-contrast T1-Cube images of the same tumor and compared modality-specific CNRs for all tumors and in subgroups defined by tumor size, enhancement ratio, and histopathology.Results: The mean CNR was significantly higher on T1-Cube images than 3D FSPGR images for the total tumor population (1.85 ± 0.97 versus 1.12 ± 1.05, P < 0.01) and the histologic types, i.e., metastasis (P < 0.01) and lymphoma (P < 0.05). The difference in CNR was even larger for smaller tumors in the metastatic group (4.95 to 23.5 mm2) (P < 0.01). In contrast, mean CNRs did not differ between modalities for high grade glioma and meningioma.Conclusions: Gadolinium enhancement of brain tumors was generally higher when imaged by T1-Cube than 3D FSPGR, and T1-Cube with Gd enhancement may be superior to 3D FSPGR for detecting smaller metastatic tumors.

著者

Kosuke KAIDA Takashi ABE Sunao IWAKI

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-0005, (Released:2020-05-13)

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The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of verbal ratings on arousal in the electroencephalogram (EEG) and psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) performance. Thirty participants underwent the PVT for 40 min in three experimental conditions: (1) Rating condition, in which they verbally rated subjective sleepiness with Karolinska sleepiness scale, following pure tone sound played every 20 s during PVT, (2) No-rating condition, in which they underwent PVT with the similar sound as the Rating experiment but without the verbal rating task, and (3) Control condition, in which they underwent PVT with a no-sound stimulus and without the verbal rating task. The results show that during the first half of the task epoch, alpha power density was lower in the Rating than in the No-rating condition, while performance was not different between the conditions. During the second half of the task epoch, performance was better in the Non-rating than in the Rating condition, but no difference in the alpha power density. These results suggest that performance deterioration could be masked by the arousal effect of the dual task itself. It could also explain why the PVT performance and arousal in EEG sometimes dissociate, particularly in dual task situations.

著者

Takashi Abe

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.6, pp.291-295, 2002 (Released:2003-03-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5

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A large inter-individual variation is seen in muscle fascicle length of the athletes but the reasons for this phenomenon are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine whether genetic factors contribute to the variances in muscle architectural characteristics. Nine monozygous twin pairs (3 males and 6 females), mean age 23 years (range 17–40) were studied. Fascicle length, pennation angle, and muscle thickness of the medial (MG) and lateral (LG) gastrocnemius muscles were measured in vivo by B-mode ultrasound. In the LG muscle intrapair resemblance (P<0.01) for fascicle length (r=0.98), pennation angle (r=0.94) and muscle thickness (r=0.86) were observed. In MG muscle, however, there was no intrapair resemblance for fascicle length (r=0.66, P>0.05), although pennation angle (r=0.73, P<0.05) and muscle thickness (r=0.86, P<0.01) were significant. Mean percent intrapair difference in LG and MG muscles were 1.8% and 5.1% for fascicle length, 11.3% and 12.3% for pennation angle and 12.4% and 9.9% for muscle thickness, respectively. There is intrapair difference between muscle thickness and pennation angle in both MG (r=0.69, P<0.05) and LG (r=0.70, P<0.05) muscles. However, no significant correlation was observed for intrapair difference between muscle thickness and fascicle length in both muscles (MG, r=0.46; LG, r=0.40). It appears that genetic predisposition is the predominant factor for the determination of muscle fascicle length. However, a lack of intrapair resemblance in MG fascicle length raises the possibility that fascicle length may be further influenced by external environmental factors such as physical training.