著者

高橋 松人

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.33-46, 2011-09-30 (Released:2013-09-30)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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The Copper Pheasant Syrmaticus soemmerringii is endemic to Japan and information on its breeding ecology in the wild is fragmentary. To examine the breeding schedule and mating system of this species, I set artificial feeding stations at three sites in Mie Prefecture, Japan, from 2003 to 2009, and observed courtship display, drumming, wattle around the eye, and molt of individuals. Individuals were identified mainly by body (and tail) size and plumage color. The egg-laying period was estimated to be from mid-March to April, based on the breeding schedule of individuals in cages. Males and females had bright red wattles from late-February to April and late-February to May, respectively. The mating period was obscure because courtship displays were observed in June, September and November. Males molted their tail from late June to early November. Some young females and adult females used feeders together until the following May. If they belonged to the same family, the family period lasted for one year. Young males disappeared from the family group in late August. At each feeding station, there was one male and female that continued to use the feeder and appeared together at the feeder. Although other males and females sometimes used the feeder, courtship displays were observed only between the male and female that used the feeder continuously. Only the male that continually used the feeder showed drumming by wing whirring. These results suggest that the Copper Pheasant is socially monogamous.

著者

水田 拓 尾崎 清明 澤 祐介 千田 万里子 富田 直樹 仲村 昇 森本 元 油田 照秋

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.71-102, 2022-07-02 (Released:2022-07-12)

参考文献数

154

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Bird banding is a survey method of attaching uniquely marked rings on a bird’s leg. Recaptured or resighted data of marked individuals enable researchers to study the ecology of birds, such as the migration and life history. The first bird banding survey took place in Denmark in 1899, and now many researchers and organizations around the world carry out such surveys. In Japan, Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce (the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry at present) started the bird banding scheme in 1924. The scheme was interrupted during and after World War II, but was resumed in 1961. During 59 years from 1961 to 2019, a total of 6,108,529 individuals (499 species) were marked and released, of which 40,607 individuals (262 species) were recovered. The numbers of marked and recovered individuals in the latest year (2019) were 126,907 individuals (282 species) and 1,254 individuals (88 species), respectively. Based on this comprehensive database, numerous findings and knowledge were obtained, including migration routes and life spans of many species, population trends of endangered species, avifaunal data of a certain region, birds’ response to climate change, contribution to the measure for avian influenza, and so on. The bird banding survey has contributed to the conservation of biodiversity, one of the most critical global issues today. We believe it is important to conduct and continue the survey with a sense of purpose and mission for greater good in mind.

著者

福嶋 信夫 福嶋 令子

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.18-33, 2009-09-20 (Released:2011-09-20)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 1

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Since 2002, we have observed gull flocks at Chijiwa Beach in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. The gull flocks consist mainly of Black-tailed Gulls Larus crassirostris and Vega Gulls L. vegae. These gulls stay at the beach between October and March. The Vega Gull generally has pinkish legs, but within these flocks some gulls, which look like Vega Gulls, have yellowish legs. Between January 2005 and March 2007 we counted the adult gulls, excluding Black-tailed Gulls and Slaty-backed Gulls L. schistisagus, and calculated the ratio of gulls with yellowish legs in the flocks as being 12.4%. In addition, we attempted to identify these gulls with yellowish legs, using the following characters: body size comparison with Black-tailed Gulls, Vega Gulls or Slaty-backed Gulls; colour of the orbital ring and iris; the dark streaking pattern of head plumage; timing of the moult; mantle colour brightness (Kodak Gray Scale: GS); wing projection (Fig. 1: C); and wingtip pattern. In late January 2006 and 2007, and late February 2007, we selected three gulls and photographed them. Based on the respective combination of the characters listed above we identified one as L. heuglini heuglini, another as L. fuscus graellsii/intermedius, and the third as L. glaucoides kumlieni. Given that gulls with yellowish legs comprise 12.4% of the gulls at the beach, it seems probable that gulls related to the Vega Gull, such as L. heuglini and L. fuscus, more frequently migrate in the winter period than had hitherto been believed.

著者

今野 怜 今野 美和 佐藤 文男

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.1-27, 2018-08-31 (Released:2019-08-31)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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To facilitate the accurate description of plumage of the Short-tailed Albatross Phoebastria albatrus, we classified plumage into eight components, based on photos taken at a breeding colony on Torishima, Izu Islands. Plumage components of 20 individuals just before fledging and 729 individuals of known sex and ranging in age from 2 to 26 years were scored. The plumage color became more whitish with age. The underbody plumage became white earlier than the upper body, whereas on the thigh, tibia and a posterior part of undertail coverts, dark brown feathers remained even in older age. The upper body turned white from the uppertail coverts towards the front, whereas dark brown feathers remained on the mantle, scapulars and nape, even in older age. The upperwing and underwing were often the same score. The progress of the score was earlier for males than for females. At every age from 3 to 18 years, the summed score of seven components (the underwing score was excluded) was significantly different between sexes, although older age males and females could be considered to have the same score. Individuals with a dark brown mantle, scapulars, rump and uppertail coverts were of age of 5 or less years and had not yet bred, except for a few females. Many individuals started breeding after they had a white part on the rump and uppertail coverts. Males reached final plumage pattern at the age of 8 to 15 years, while females reached final plumage pattern at the age of 11 to 20 years or older.

著者

吉安 京子 森本 元 千田 万里子 仲村 昇

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.21-48, 2020-06-30 (Released:2020-07-12)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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In 2002, the Japan Bird Migration Research Center compiled longevity records based on the research during 1961–1995. Subsequently, additional data have been updated in each issue of the Bird Banding Research Annual Report of Japan. However, no complete list has been published. Here, we report the top two longevity records of each species based on the Japan Bird Banding data during 1961–2017.

著者

大門 純平 伊藤 元裕 綿貫 豊

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.95-104, 2019-12-15 (Released:2019-12-15)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 3

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The status of seabirds breeding on Daikoku Island, eastern Hokkaido, Japan, was updated. The number of nest burrows of Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa was estimated using nest densities and areas of each habitat in 2014, and was 415,674; about half of the annual population estimates for 1972–1994. The number of nest burrows of the Rhinoceros Auklet Cerorhinca monocerata was estimated similarly, and was 77,734; about 10 times the estimate for 1986. These population changes were due to changes of both nest density and area of habitats. The number of nests of the Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus was directly counted, and was 5–30 in 2014–2018; less than 5% of that recorded annually from 1982–1994 (3,500–8,200 pairs). The number of nests of the Japanese Cormorant Phalacrocorax capillatus was counted directly and was 120–245 in 2014–2018, except 2016; similar to that seen in 1980–2015 (172–321 nests). Disturbance by White-tailed Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla was observed in the colonies of Slaty-backed Gulls and Japanese Cormorants.

著者

富田 直樹 佐藤 文男 岩見 恭子

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.123-129, 2016-03-20 (Released:2018-12-12)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 1

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We have monitored the status of Black-tailed Gulls Larus crassirostris breeding on Tobishima Island since 2004. On Yurijima Islet, we estimated 2,034 nests in 1 June 2014 and observed a single cat Felis catus in the breeding colony and the carcasses of 14 adult Black-tailed gulls that probably were killed by a cat. We also found feathers of adult Black-tailed Gulls in a single cat feces collected on the mainland of Tobishima. Approximately 1,500 nests were estimated on Tateiwa Islet in 2009, but no nests were found in May 2014. To conserve the breeding sites of Black-tailed Gulls at Tobishima, immediate control management of the feral cat population is essential.

著者

洪 佶杓 氷 基昌 崔 昶溶 南 賢榮 元 壹載 金 盛珍 朴 鍾吉 蔡 熙永

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.200-203, 2010-03-25 (Released:2012-03-25)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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大韓民国全羅南道紅島において,渡り途中のオウチュウ Dicrurus macrocercus がノビタキ Saxicola maura とヤブサメ Urosphena squameiceps を続けて捕食する行動が観察された。これまで報告されている明らかに例外的なオウチュウの鳥類捕食の事例とは異なり,今回の観察は本種が鳥類を選択的に捕食する可能性があることを示唆するものである。利用可能な昆虫類は乏しいが,スズメ目鳥類は豊富な環境に遭遇した場合,このような行動は,渡り途中のオウチュウの高いエネルギー要求を満たす有効な手段となり得るであろう。

著者

岡 孝夫 天野 卓 林 良博 秋篠宮 文仁

出版者

Yamashina Institute for Ornitology

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.77-87, 2004-03-20 (Released:2008-11-10)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 4

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セキショクヤケイ(G.gallus)の亜種認識に関する統一の見解は現在も得られていない。一般にセキショクヤケイの亜種は生息地,羽装,耳朶色などによって分類される。また,その広大な生息地にはさまざまな気候や植生が存在する。このような環境条件は草むらに身を隠す習性をもつセキショクヤケイの羽装に影響を与えている可能性が考えられる。さらに羽装は繁殖季節によって影響を受けやすい形質であり,また観察条件や観察者の主観によっても異なる。耳朶色に関しても,赤色と白色の2形質が亜種分類の基準にされてきたが,白耳朶は単一遺伝子により発現する形質ではないことが報告されている。従来の分類ではG.g.murghi,G.g.jabouilleiおよびG.g.bankivaの3亜種は大きさや羽装によって明確に分類されている。G.g.gallusとG.g.spadiceusの分類に関しては,G.g.gallusに完全白耳朶と不完全白耳朶の2型の存在が認められているが,現在ではそれらを一括してG.g.gallusとし,赤耳朶のG.g.spadiceusとは耳朶色のみによって区別している。タイとマレーシアのG.g.gallusにおいて,タイのG.g.gallusは完全白耳朶,マレーシアのG.g.gallusは不完全白耳朶を呈し,両者の生息地はG.g.spadiceusの生息地によって分断されている。もし白耳朶形質の完全,不完全を亜種分類の根拠とするならば,G.g.gallusはさらに2つのグループに分類することもできる。さらにmtDNA情報を用いたいくつかの研究においても,この分類を示唆する結果が報告されている。したがってセキショクヤケイの亜種分類は,これまでの形態学的手法を新たな視点で見直すとともに,最新の空間分析や分子遺伝学などの手法などを用いることが望ましいと考えられる。

著者

小島 桂 小島 治好

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.1-2, 2005-09-30 (Released:2007-09-28)

著者

漆谷 光名

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.116-121, 2019-12-15 (Released:2019-12-15)

参考文献数

12

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The Japanese Green Pigeon Treron sieboldii has been reported to drink water from the sea or mineral springs in Hokkaido, Gumma and Kanagawa. Especially, at the Terugasaki seashore, Kanagawa Prefecture, the seasonal change in the number of birds visiting the shore to drink seawater is well known. This study describes the seasonal change in the number and behavior of birds visiting and drinking water at Myogadani springs, Hiroshima, in 2017 and 2018. During the study period, a video camera study documented 7,234 birds (3,381 males, 3,468 females and 385 juveniles, without individual identification) as visiting the mineral springs and drinking the water. Ninety-eight of the recorded birds were seen to have white stringy materials dangling from the cloaca. Examination of these materials indicated them to be tapeworms of the subfamily Eucestoda. This suggests that in addition to its main food, i.e. fruits, the Japanese Green Pigeon also eats arthropods.

著者

中村 浩志 小林 篤

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.34-40, 2014-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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Carcasses of 22 species of migrant birds were observed at the alpine area of Mt. Norikura in early spring (late April to middle May). These migrants died by snowstorms that they encountered during spring migration when they passed over the alpine area.

著者

姉崎 悟

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.105-151, 2012-03-30 (Released:2014-03-30)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

5 2

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Information collected on birds found in Kita-daito and Minami-daito Islands before World War II revealed records of 85 species, and ambiguous records of 14 species. In the two islands, local populations of the Buzzard Buteo buteo and the Wren Troglodytes troglodytes are considered to be endemic subspecies. However, the absence of information about breeding of these two species before WWII leaves open the possibility that these populations may be other subspecies. The environment of the Daito Islands has changed greatly since reclamation started in 1900, and since that time all seabirds and four species of land birds have become extinct there, and four species have become newly established. The number of the current resident species is 13, which is the same number as that just before the reclamation, which suggests that the resident avifauna may have restabilized.

著者

白井 剛

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.79-91, 2013-03-30 (Released:2015-03-30)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

1

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アオサギArdea cinereaの繁殖地への執着性と個体の長期的繁殖履歴を明らかにするために,東京近郊の繁殖コロニーにおいて,幼鳥50個体と成鳥19個体に色足環を装着し,9年間にわたる追跡調査を行なった。幼鳥50個体のうち,38個体 (76.0%)については,その後出生コロニーでは観察されなかった。出生コロニーに戻ってきた12個体のうち,4個体 (33.3%) は2歳から,2個体 (16.7%) は3歳から,1個体 (8.3%) は4歳から繁殖を開始したが,残り5個体 (41.7%)はそこに滞在するものの繁殖は認められなかった。これら12個体のうち,2個体は9年後も生存していた。一方,成鳥19個体のうち18個体 (94.7%)は,翌年以降も再確認された。アオサギは,このように,同じ繁殖コロニーを毎年利用する傾向があった。毎年繁殖した場合,コロニー内の同じ場所に営巣することもあれば,違う場所に営巣することもあった。繁殖は,通常1年1回であったが,ときに (9%の巣で)2回続けて行なわれた。観察を行なった9年間では,22個体の雛を巣立たせたオスが最大の繁殖成功を示した。雌雄とも個体識別された4つがいの繁殖履歴を見ると,例外はあるが,どちらかがいなくなるまでつがい相手をかえない傾向があった。毎年,非繁殖期 (秋から冬)になると,繁殖コロニーでは見られなくなる個体が多い。そうした個体は,繁殖コロニーから離れた川沿いで目撃され,個体ごとに目撃場所が決まっていることが多かった。つまり,繁殖コロニーと非繁殖期の採餌場の移動を毎年繰り返している可能性がある。サギ類では,一般に巣立ち雛は長距離移動を行うことが知られている。今回のアオサギの追跡観察においても,幼鳥に足環を付けてから54日後に,出生コロニーから南西に1,580 km離れた久米島で確認された個体がいた。

著者

山崎 剛史 亀谷 辰朗 太田 紀子

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.31-40, 2017-08-31 (Released:2019-03-09)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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Japanese names are a useful tool for Japanese speakers to communicate about birds. However, over 30 years have already passed since the most influential book treating all modern birds and providing Japanese names, “A World List of Birds” (Yamashina 1986), was published. During that time, the classification of birds has undergone major changes. Here we provide a revised list of Japanese names of owl species (Strigiformes) which adopts the latest classification system (Gill & Donsker 2017). When compiling our list, we paid attention to ensuring the stability, brevity and correctness of Japanese names.

著者

倉沢 康大 安部 亮佑 西沢 文吾

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.133-137, 2020-12-15 (Released:2020-12-16)

参考文献数

12

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On September 16, 2009 and July 7, 2018 we observed six Wilson's Storm-petrels Oceanites oceanicus on six occasions in the Northwest Pacific off Hokkaido. These are first records for Hokkaido and the northernmost records in Japan.

著者

黒沢 令子 星 維子

出版者

Yamashina Institute for Ornitology

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.61-64, 2003-09-30 (Released:2008-11-10)

参考文献数

4

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We observed that two species of crows reused nest materials. Given the conventional knowledge that crows avoid breeding in their old nests, this behavior is both novel and surprizing. Pairs removed materials from their completed nests and carried them to other sites, and there used the old materials in the construction of new nests. It is unknown whether any eggs were laid in the original nest or whether the nest was abandoned prematurely. One pair of Carrion Crows reused twigs, and two pairs of Jungle Crows reused wire-hangers and twigs for the outer shell of their nests. However, inner linings were newly obtained in all cases. These observations suggest that the reuse of nest materials by crows may be more common than was hitherto believed.

著者

鳥居 憲親 江崎 保男

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.15-24, 2014-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 2

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イソヒヨドリは,国内ではもともと,崖や岩のある海岸に生息し繁殖するが,近年になって内陸の都市での繁殖が確認されるようになった。そこで,2011年5月から2012年12月までの20ヶ月間,海岸から20 km離れた内陸部に位置する兵庫県三田市のニュータウンでセンサスと行動観察を行なった。本種は調査地に周年生息する留鳥であったが,特に高層建築物が密集する地区に多く出現し,オスのなわばりもこの地区に偏って存在していた。オスは高い場所において高確率でさえずり,隣接オスとのなわばり闘争においては,隣接者よりも高い場所でさえずろうとした。イソヒヨドリのオスは高層建築物をソングポストとして利用し,高い位置からさえずることによって,なわばりの形成と防衛を行なっていると考えられる。また,本種は高層建築物に隣接した草地の地表面で,地表性の小動物をとっていた。したがって,都市においては高層建築物と草地のセットこそが,イソヒヨドリの好適なハビタットを形成しており,本種のハビタットに必要な空間構造は,高さを生み出す崖地形と,これに隣接し地表性動物が豊富に存在するオープングラウンドのセットであることが示唆される。また,人が創り出した崖地形としての高層建築物と芝生などのオープングラウンドのセットを巧みに利用することにより,本種は都市への進出を果たしたのだと考えられる。

著者

福田 道雄

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.105-112, 2020-12-15 (Released:2020-12-16)

参考文献数

42

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Asakusa Hanayashiki, an amusement facility in Tokyo, began to keep animals in earnest around the end of the Edo period (1603–1868). They actively collected popular foreign animals during the Taisho era (1912–1926). In 1915, they obtained the first living penguin in Japan. I found a postcard showing that two other penguins arrived between 1915 and 1921. The sketch drawn by the bird illustrator Shigekazu Kobayashi revealed that the penguins arrived between May and September 1919. The two individuals were identified as Humboldt Penguins Spheniscus humboldti, and at least one was a juvenile. The arrival of these penguins was not reported by newspaper; it seems that the value of newsworthiness of penguins had decreased at that time and that not all individuals could survive for long periods. Also, on two occasions when penguins arrived at Hanayashiki, lectures on the Shirase Exploration of Antarctica were presented and the penguins became widely known to public. At the lecture, Captain Shirase showed pictures of the magnificent sights of the Antarctic and the penguins. In comparison, the small penguin exhibited at Hanayashiki might have proven disappointing for customers. In addition, penguins were already kept at the nearby Ueno Zoo at the same time, which also may have drawn away potential customers.

著者

風間 辰夫

出版者

公益財団法人 山階鳥類研究所

雑誌

山階鳥類学雑誌 (ISSN:13485032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.25-28, 2014-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

7

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Over a 10-year period, 10,015 male Common Pheasants Phasianus colchicus bred for hunting were banded with an individually distinct ID number and released. Of these birds, 775 (7.7%) were hunted, 545 (70%) of them within the first hunting season they experienced. Hunted birds moved an average of 3.7±4.3SD km from their release point. Six hundred and four individuals (78%) were hunted within 5 km from their release point.