文献一覧: 生活衛生 (雑誌)

1 0 0 0 OA 非定型下痢原性大腸菌について 1

著者: 涌嶋三津子王麗麗日高あゆみ藤原佐美中島涼石娟娟西川禎一
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.54, no.4, pp.271-284, 2010-10-30 (Released:2010-11-10)
参考文献数: 57

Escherichia coli is a normal inhabitant of the intestinal tract in humans and warm-blooded animals; however, certain strains cause enteric disease in their hosts and are referred to as diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). Based on distinct epidemiological and clinical features, specific virulence determinants, and other characteristic markers such as enterotoxins and adherence phenotype, DEC strains have been classified into the following six pathotypes: enteropathogenic E. coli; Shiga toxin-producing E. coli; enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC); enteroinvasive E. coli; enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC); and diffusely adhering E. coli. E. coli that does not have any diarrheagenic characteristics other than the EAEC heat-stable toxin 1 (EAST1) gene is defined as EASTEC. Although EAST1 has not been widely accepted as a virulence factor, we focused our attention on EASTEC because outbreaks due to EASTEC O166:H15 have occurred in several cities since the first incident in Osaka, Japan, in 1996. In the present review, we discuss EASTEC as a possible seventh group of DEC. Guanylin is secreted in the colon and acts physiologically as an agonist of the guanylyl cyclase receptor to regulate electrolyte and water transport in the epithelia. EAST1, like the heat-stable enterotoxins of ETEC, may mimic guanylin and cause diarrhea. However, epidemiological studies show that the EAST1 gene (astA) is very prevalent not only among EASTEC strains from diarrheal patients but also in healthy people, domestic animals, and meat products. The presence of astA itself may therefore not necessarily indicate that the strain will be diarrheagenic in the intestine. Production of active EAST1 should be checked since astA seems to have numerous variants. The development of a convenient assay for EAST1 is essential. Further epidemiological studies are also required to elucidate whether EASTEC forms a seventh group of DEC; such studies would also identify additional virulence traits such as colonization factor.

2020-07-14 07:05:49
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1 0 0 0 病原ウイルスを分離・同定するということ

著者: 久保英幸
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.50, no.5, pp.381-386, 2006

There are many human infectious diseases derived from pathogenic viruses. In line with the infectious disease surveillance systems of Osaka City, the staff of our institute′s department of microbiology seek to isolate and identify human pathogenic viruses from patient specimens using a number of routine methods. In the present review, I describe methods of pathogenic virus identification using the standard virus neutralization test and the latest methods using virus genome gene analysis, together with Japanese law on infectious disease.

2020-06-27 21:57:01
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1 0 0 0 OA 千葉ニッコー油ジフェニール事件をめぐって

著者: 水原完宮川昭横川洋難波六磨枡井貞雄大平幸男中井一彌磯部満樋口毅種村昌城三井康功玉井俊征
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.17, no.5, pp.151-156, 1973-10-20 (Released:2010-03-11)

2020-05-11 12:32:30
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1 0 0 0 OA 香辛料の有用性

著者: 河智義弘
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.38, no.2, pp.49-64, 1994-03-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 24

2020-05-10 11:41:19
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1 0 0 0 OA システインによる大型回遊魚および深海魚からの水銀除去

著者: 板野一臣明橋八郎
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.24, no.3, pp.93-95, 1980-06-20 (Released:2010-10-28)
参考文献数: 5

大型回遊魚のキハダとカツオおよび深海魚のカゴカマスとキングフィッシュの背肉からのシステインによる水銀除去について調べた。魚種に関係なく魚肉中の水銀は2mMシステイン溶液により50~70%除去された。カゴカマスに含まれる水銀は他の3魚種に含まれる水銀より除去され易かった。魚肉中の総水銀含有量は水銀の除去率に影響しないように思われた。メチル水銀の除去率は魚種により総水銀除去率と相違する場合もあった。

2020-05-08 13:21:03
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1 0 0 0 OA どうでも栄養学ドウデモエーヨーガク

著者: A. H.
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.10, no.2, pp.74-77, 1966 (Released:2010-10-28)

2020-04-27 16:50:15
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1 0 0 0 OA コメ油について

著者: 益山新六
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.13, no.1, pp.24-27, 1969-02-20 (Released:2010-03-11)

2020-03-19 22:09:06
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1 0 0 0 OA 塩化アンモニウムによるA型およびB型インフルエンザウイルスの増殖阻害

著者: 村上司
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.28, no.3, pp.142-146, 1984-05-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 18

Growth inhibition of 3 influenza A and 2 influenza B viruses by NH4Cl were investigated. It was found that the 50% virus growth-inhibitory concentrations of NH4Cl were 0.8-2.2mM and 5.5-6.0mM for influenza A strains and influenza B strains, respectively. The effects of the virus inactivation might be neither action on the virion itself of NH4Cl nor antiviral state of the host cells such as an action of interferon, The mechanism was probably considered to be inhibition in the process of virus penetration into the cell. It was shown that the inactivation by NH4Cl was effective at the early stage of infection, ineffective after 30min of infection.

2020-03-08 07:56:13
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1 0 0 0 OA 生体内グルタチオンの分布

著者: 清水充
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.31, no.4, pp.201-202, 1987-07-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 11

2020-02-21 22:32:37
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1 0 0 0 OA 洗濯時に浮遊する暗色の汚れとカビ汚染

著者: 濱田信夫
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.48, no.3, pp.124-130, 2004 (Released:2005-01-27)
参考文献数: 10
被引用文献数: 7

Microbiological flora on the interior of automatic-type washing machines were examined in 24 homes. Mold contamination as well as general bacteria and yeast were higher in the upper part of the spin tub than in other parts. Of molds contaminating washing machine interiors, Exophiala and Scolecobasidium, which have dark hyphae, were predominant, followed by Torula and Cladosporium. Dirt found in the upper part of the spin tub was darker than in other parts, similar to the distribution of mold. Dirt suspended in washing water seemed to derive chiefly from the upper part of the spin tub. Suspended dirt was thought to be fragments from the old hyphae of mold grown on the interior of washing machines. Yeast contamination was comparatively higher in new washing machines while mold contamination was higher in old machines. Microbiological “succession” was also found to be present in washing machines. Cleaning of washing machines is generally ineffective for killing spores and eliminating hyphae of molds, ways of cleaning washing machines are also discussed.

2019-11-24 10:40:11
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1 0 0 0 OA 非定型下痢原性大腸菌について 2

著者: 有川健太郎西川禎一
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.55, no.1, pp.15-22, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)
参考文献数: 38

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is an important group of pathogens associated with enteric diseases. Diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) strains are currently considered to constitute a sixth group of DEC. Although recent epidemiological studies have shown a high prevalence of DAEC strains among strains isolated from infant diarrheal stools, their involvement remains a matter of debate. Both commensal and pathogenic strains can be classified as Afa/Dr DAEC isolates since DAEC strains have been identified based on their diffuse adherence (DA) to cultured epithelial cells and on the detection of afa/dra/daa related operons encoding the DA phenotype. Measuring diffuse adhesion alone is insufficient to evaluate the diarrheagenicity of strains and other distinguishing characteristics are needed. In order to elucidate the pathophysiological processes by which Afa/Dr DAEC strains induce diarrhea, the present review focuses on the Afa/Dr adhesin and the various cell signaling events that occur after epithelial cells have been infected by Afa/Dr DAEC.

2019-10-01 21:53:51
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1 0 0 0 OA 砂糖・でんぷん糖以外の甘味料

著者: 岡崎邦夫
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.6, pp.288-292, 1990-11-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 13

2019-09-29 19:15:47
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1 0 0 0 OA 胸部X線集団検診における被曝線量とその軽減のための試み

著者: 光田秀雄山下英年大和田国夫吉村正幹
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.27, no.5, pp.271-274, 1983-09-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 2
被引用文献数: 1

In measuring the amount of x-ray radiation through mass x-ray examination cars in O-city, two pieces of equipment giving of a high level of radiation were found in seven cars, the amount of each differing remarkably from the others. However, it was found that through improvement (of the quality) of the equipment, the amount of the radiation could be reduced to some extent. For instance, changing the fluoroscope resulted in a radiation reduction of 25% and a 36% reduction when supplemented by a filter. It was also found that voltage selection of the x-ray tube was important for achieving a reduction.

2019-09-28 19:31:44
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1 0 0 0 OA 食品包装材料と微生物

著者: 井上真由美
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.32, no.1, pp.2-10, 1988-01-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 5

2019-09-18 22:36:49
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1 0 0 0 OA 動物実験代替法について

著者: 菅原努
出版者: Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.30, no.3, pp.126-132, 1986-05-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数: 5
被引用文献数: 2

2019-09-11 10:35:10
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1 0 0 0 乳卵菜食主義者の栄養・健康状態 14~16歳の中高生徒について:14~16歳の中高生徒について

著者: 垣本充渡部由美
出版者: 社団法人大阪生活衛生協会
雑誌: 生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, no.5, pp.212-219, 1990

14~16歳の乳卵菜食主義者120名 (男子60名、女子60名) と、同年齢・同数の一般食の者を対象に、週日連続3日間の食物摂取調査およびCMI健康調査を行った。結果は下記のように要約される。<BR>1) 菜食群はナイアシンを除いて、各栄養素の摂取量平均値は所要量を充足していたが、一般群はエネルギー、カルシウム、鉄が不足していた。<BR>2) 体格的には、身長、体重、肥満、るい痩ともに、両群間に特異な傾向は認められなかった。<BR>3) CMI健康調査では消化器系項目で、菜食群男子は一般群男子に比べて自覚症状が有意に少なかった。