著者

安川 章

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.6, pp.348-351, 1984-11-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

17

著者

春木 孝祐

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.6, pp.313-319, 2003-11-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

12

著者

石井 営次 乾 美智子 高橋 美帆 塚本 晶子 林 茂美 三浦 和美

出版者

(社)大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.228-232, 1991-09-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

1

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Bacterial contamination in tableware sponge polishers for kitchen use was examined and means for sterilization were sought. Among 36 polishers including 4 for use at places of business, a colony forming unit for each polisher measured by standard plate count, exceeded 109 in 21 polishers, and 108 in 32 polishers, of which a number of coliforms in MPN was more than 106 in each polisher. Although no Salmonella could be detected, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus were found in 9 and 15 polishers, respectively. Polishers treated with boiling water every day and which dried easily showed a low number of bacterium, from 102 to 103. Bacterial contaminated polishers were sterilized by boiling water for more than 30 seconds every day, but not by chemicals or disinfectant. Salmonella, S. aureus, and Escherichia coli were found capable of growing in polishers at 25°C.

著者

濱田 信夫

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.5, pp.343-350, 2006 (Released:2006-10-19)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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A review was undertaken of fungal contamination in indoor environments. Fungal contamination of house dust in carpets and tatami-mats during the summer seemed to have decreased compared to thirty years ago, unlike contamination in winter. Recently, excessively dry indoor environments have been found in the upper stories of condominiums. On the other hand, bathrooms are still the rooms most severely contaminated by fungi. Especially in bathrooms without windows, ventilation and dehumidifying equipment are essential for eliminating fungal contamination.Air-conditioners and washing machines as new sources of fungal contamination were discussed. Contaminated air-conditioners discharge fungal spores in their output and may promote fungal allergy in users. In the last ten years, manufacturers have attempted to improve the design to reduce fungal contamination. The interior of automatic-type washing machines can become contaminated by mold with dark hyphae. The concentration of mold and dirt was most severe in the upper part of the spine tube and seemed to parallel the quantity of surfactant adhering to the surface of the spine tube. Detergent is thought to promote fungal contamination in washing machines. Effective treatments are thus important for controlling fungal contamination in washing machines, including usage of nutrient-free detergent.

著者

三浦 克之 菊川 友子 中尾 隆文 東海 秀吉 泉 康雄 藤井 比佐子 北條 泰輔

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.59-64, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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In order to assess the safety of electronic cigarettes, 32 smokers who consume more than 20 tobacco cigarettes daily were enrolled in the present study. The cartridge of an electronic cigarette contains 0.25 g of glycerin aqueous solution. Each participant was asked to consume one filter cartridge per day (more than 150 puffs per day) for 4 weeks. Following the treatment, no abnormal changes in blood pressure, hematological data, or blood chemistry and no severe adverse events were observed. Although a trace amount of acrolein was detected in the vapor collected from a single filter cartridge, it was less than the minimum amount in the mainstream smoke from a single tobacco cigarette. During the use of the electronic cigarette, the daily consumption of tobacco cigarettes decreased significantly. This electronic cigarette containing glycerin aqueous solution may be a safe alternative to cigarette smoking.

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.66-84, 2007 (Released:2007-04-07)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

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This article explains the strategy and methodology for promoting citizen participation in the activities of biological diversity surveys basing on the experiences of the Environmental Resources Mapping Project in Osaka City. The project was carried out in fiscal years 1991-1997 by the municipal government with 1200 citizen participants; the author worked as the organizer of citizen volunteers throughout the project period. Encouragement of participants was attained by offering them opportunities for participation in group activities, by giving them intensive and systematic training through instructor group leaders and survey manuals, by providing them with opportunities to report the results of their own surveys, by publishing their findings in mass-media such as television and newspapers, and by issuing annual reports on the project. With active participation, the project was able to publish four colored environmental resource maps, one course guidebook, and two mesh data books as final reports on its activity. Since the completion of the project, the network of citizen volunteers, one of the most valuable fruits of the project, has been maintained by shifting the work base to the Eco Museum of Osaka, a center for environmental education founded in 1997.

著者

小西 良子

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.285-297, 2010-10-30 (Released:2010-11-10)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

---

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi which present a hazard to humans and animals. Recently, a risk assessment of the main mycotoxins has been initiated by international committees through which an international standard in the form of a maximum residue level has been established as part of the Codex Alimentarius. In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and the Food Safety Committee carry out surveillance, reduction and risk assessment of mycotoxins. The present article reviews recent information from mycotoxin studies relating to food contamination and worldwide regulation.

著者

瓦家 千代子

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.50-53, 1985-01-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

著者

明橋 八郎

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.6, pp.203-210, 1968-12-20 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

57

著者

中村 寛海 西川 禎一

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.175-184, 2006 (Released:2006-08-08)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2

---

Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of foodborne listeriosis in humans. Japan has an average of 83 cases of listeriosis per year and an estimated incidence of 0.65 cases per million residents, which is lower than the values reported in some European countries and the United States. Nevertheless, the level of contamination in retail food products in Japan is roughly equivalent to that reported in these countries, where large outbreaks have occurred. Japan might therefore face a similar risk of foodborne listeriosis outbreaks. Ready-to-eat seafood (such as cold-smoked fish) has been linked to sporadic cases of listeriosis. In Japan, a wide range of ready-to-eat seafood products are consumed in great quantities. We investigated L. monocytogenes contamination in commercially available ready-to-eat seafood products during 1999 and 2000. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 13% (12 of 95) of the tested products. All the positive samples were cold-smoked fish products. Molecular typing of the isolates suggested that the products were contaminated with persistent strains that were unique to their respective manufacturers. We investigated manufacturing plant A to trace L. monocytogenes isolates to the source of contamination. As the result of this, a combined analysis of the seasonal prevalence of this bacterium and molecular typing of the isolates in the plant suggested that the product contamination was associated with the slicing machines. Implementation of an effective washing and cleaning regime for the slicing machines resulted in a marked decrease in the incidence of L. monocytogenes contamination of the finished products.

著者

下田 吉人

出版者

社団法人 大阪生活衛生協会

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.1-4, 1967-02-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

著者

堀口 俊一 瓦家 敏男 円藤 吟史 清田 郁子

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.5, pp.257-265, 1992-09-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

---

Recent observations have shown a great decrease in the levels of atmospheric lead concentrations in cities in Japan today compared with levels in the 1950's, probably due to rigid control of lead discharge from factories and the promotion of lead-free gasoline in particular. We attempted to estimate the amount of lead inhaled and absorbed by the human body in Japan today. With the average atmospheric lead concentration in the average Japanese city today at about 0.1μg/m3, we obtained the values of 1.6 to 2.2μg/day for the amount of lead inhaled and 0.8 to 1.1μg/day for the amount of lead absorbed by the average Japanese adult.

著者

木村 美恵子

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.1, pp.7-13, 1999-01-30 (Released:2010-10-28)

参考文献数

74

被引用文献数

1

著者

川越 昌子 川井 信子 亀井 正治 中沢 るみ

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.5, pp.183-186, 1998-09-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 5

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The content of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, carotene, thiamin, riboflavin and ascorbic acid was determined in samples of fresh and cooked broccoli. The cooking methods were boiling (conventional methods), waterless cooking (steaming in pot with little water), and microwave heating.In boiled broccoli, potassium and zinc retention were less than 50%. Carotene retention was over 98%. Ascorbic acid retention was 44%.In the waterless and the microwave cooked broccoli, retention was over 87% for each mineral. Carotene retention was over 98%. Ascorbic acid retention was over 84%.Mineral and water soluble vitamin retention by waterless cooking were higher than by boilng.

著者

板野 一臣

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.57-65, 2007 (Released:2007-04-07)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

2

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Mercury is present in the environment in elemental, inorganic and organic (methylated) forms. As methylmercury bioaccumulates up the marine food chain, large predatory species such as tuna, shark and swordfish have high concentrations of methylmercury in their tissue. Almost all of the mercury in marine fish is methylmercury. As small cetaceans such as toothed whale and dolphin are long-lived and occupy the top of the marine food chain, they contain more mercury in their tissue than large predatory fish. Small cetaceans demethylate methylmercury into inorganic mercury and store it in the liver as mercury selenide. Marine seafood is one of the major sources of mercury in the human food chain.The provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) for methylmercury of 3.3 μg/kg-body weight for the general population was established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 1972. In 1973, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare set the provisional permitted levels of total mercury and methylmercury in marine food at 0.4 and 0.3 μg/wet-g, respectively. These levels were based on the PTWI of JECFA. In 2003, from the outcomes of two cohort studies in the Faroe Islands and Seychelles Islands regarding the effect of fetal methylmercury exposure on children’s development, JECFA set the PTWI of methylmercury at 1.6 μg/kg-body weight for pregnant women. In 2005, the Japanese Food Safety Commission announced a tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for methylmercury of 2.0 μg/kg-body weight for women who are or may be pregnant. The Japanese average daily intake of mercury from foods is about 60% of the TWI.

著者

濱田 信夫 森 義明

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.139-144, 2003-05-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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Change of fungal and bacterial counts inoculated to towel and subjected to treatment by clothes dryer or natural sun-drying was examined. No significant difference was found in sterilizing effect on fungi and bacteria by drying of towel in the sun or in the shade. Sterilizing effect on C. cladosporioides and P. digitatum was higher in towel sun-dried in summer than in winter, and in towel dried by clothes dryer at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures. E. coli as well as T. rubrum seems to be killed with loss of moisture in towel regardless of temperature at which towel is dried.

著者

岡村 一弘 西田 豊 八島 貞子 清田 亮夫 田中 薫樹 久保 正徳

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.67-72, 1961-04-25 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

6

著者

別府 秀彦 渡邊 治夫

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.3-14, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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Human clinical studies have yielded a great number of findings on the suppressive effect of indigestible dextrin on glucose absorption. The suppressive effect tends to be marked in subject groups whose blood glucose is at high levels in blood tests and the degree of suppression may vary depending on the saccharide species used for loading. The following is a summary review of the suppressive effect of indigestible dextrin as reported in scientific papers.1) In starch loading tests, although a significant difference in the degree of blood glucose suppression by indigestible dextrin is seen in groups whose blood glucose values after placebo ingestion are higher than average, no such difference is commonly observed in low-value groups.2) When groups with high and low blood glucose values before testing are classified in the same starch loading study, however, a significant difference is observed even in low-value groups, as the low-value group includes subjects in the placebo group with higher blood glucose values showing higher peak values at testing.3) In sucrose loading tests, the significant difference was observed more clearly not only in high-value groups but also in low-value groups. Since the inhibitory action of indigestible dextrin is strong on α-glucosidase when it binds to sucrose in order to hydrolyze into glucose and fructose, it appears certain that suppression of glucose absorption into the blood takes place.4) When maltose loading was carried out in twelve healthy young subjects (mean age: 21.4±0.51) in a preliminary study, there was a significant difference in the degree of blood glucose suppression in the groups with higher than average blood glucose level. However, no significant difference was found in another test, in which maltose was loaded to 13 adult subjects (mean age: 54.4±5.5). Although the glucose absorption at maltose hydrolysis in α-glucosidase reaction may be inhibited by indigestible dextrin like as that at starch hydrolysis, the results of the maltose loading test were varied.5) Since α-glucosidase is distributed over the small intestine wall, in order to inhibit co-transportation of the glucose into the blood in the hydrolysis of disaccharide by α-glucosidase, it is necessary for indigestible dextrin to also be distributed quickly over the same small intestine wall. If the loaded foods are taken in slowly, blood glucose level will describe a gradually increasing curve over time; similarly, if indigestible dextrin is taken in slowly, the distribution of the indigestible dextrin to the intestinal wall will be slow and inefficient for inhibition of glucose absorption.

著者

河合 睦文

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.49-52, 1978-04-20 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

著者

濱田 信夫 中村 正樹

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.365-371, 2005 (Released:2005-12-07)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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Three kinds of fungi were cultured on various media (including different 30 surfactants, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants) and a comparison of their growth was made. The growth of all three fungi was inhibited by anionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants. In particular, no colonies of these fungi were found on 0.25% of these surfactants and only small colonies were found on 0.05%. On the other hand, although two fatty acid-amide type nonionic surfactants inhibited the growth of the three fungi, no inhibition on the their growth was found on media including other nonionics. For example, fatty-acid ester type nonionics promoted the growth of all three fungi. In particular, Scolecobasidium constrictum, a dominant fungus in washing machines, grew well on media including polyoxyethylene-alkylether nonionic surfactants, in contrast with Cladosporium cladosporioides, a common fungus in indoor environments. Fatty-acid amide type surfactants were noticed for their potential to be exploited in detergent for fungus-free washing machines.