著者

高橋 和雄 阿比留 勝吾

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.43-57, 1995-06-01

被引用文献数

2

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the present situation and the behaviors of the voluntary organization for disaster prevention during the threatening disaster in Kagoshima due to heavy rainfall on August 6,1993. A questionaire survey was undertaken to study the behaviors and consciousness of the presidents of the voluntary organization for disaster prevention in Kagoshima city. The dissemination of information and the evacuation of inhabitants are also discussed.

著者

高橋 和雄 阿比留 勝吾 三重野 恵介

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.125-138, 1996-07-30

被引用文献数

1

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The objective of this paper is to investigate revision of local plan for disaster preventions and countermeasures of the voluntary organizations for disaster prevention after the threatening disaster in Kagoshima due to heavy rainfall on August 6,1993. Revision of local plan for disaster prevention in Kogoshima city was investigated by interviews. A questionaire survey was undertaken to study the behaviors and consciousness of the presidents of the voluntary organizations for disaster prevention in Kagoshima city. The systems for dissemination of information and the evacuation of inhabitants, and countermeasures of the voluntary organizations for disaster prevention are discussed. The new systems for dissemination of information and the evacuation of inhabitants are rated high by the voluntary organizations for disaster prevention. However, activities of voluntary organizations for disaster prevention have somewhat improved. Supports of administration are neceesary to activate their activities.

著者

鏡味 洋史

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.173-179, 1994-01-31

著者

城下 英行 河田 惠昭

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.67-80, 2009-05-31

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Disaster education is one of the most important components for building a resilient society. School disaster education especially has an effect on spreading awareness and knowledge of disasters widely. In the past decade, the world has faced many natural and human made disasters. People's awareness of disaster impacts is becoming one of the driving forces for disaster education. However, disaster education should not be based only on disaster impacts. This is because the earth repeats a cycle of active and inactive periods. Hence, consensus between students, teachers and parents is necessary to realize sustainable disaster education in schools regardless of the occurrence of disasters. A questionnaire survey for junior and senior high school students in Wakayama prefecture, Japan was conducted on the first and second of November, 2006. The purpose of this survey was to inquire into students' attitude toward disaster learning in schools in the context of the educational curriculum. In order to keep reliability of this paper, 204 answers from junior high school students in Hirogawa town were selected for this paper from all answers. The result of analysing statistical data revealed several facts. Firstly, all of students have experiences of disaster education in schools and these are thought of as useful for their future life. Secondly, more than 90% of students learn about disasters in the integrated study time slots. Finally, through the comparison between the students who evaluate previous disaster education positively and the students who do not evaluate previous disaster education positively, the former students evaluate future disaster education in schools more positively than the latter students. Improving disaster education based on the people's attitude is one of the most important factors needed to build sustainable school disaster education in Japan.

著者

手計 太一 吉谷 純一 Suvanpimol Chanchai

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.215-228, 2004-08-31

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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The second largest flood in 2002 occurred in the Chao Phraya River basin, Kingdom of Thailand. The field survey was carried out in the middle and lower part of the Chao Phraya River basin two weeks after the peak of the flood terminated. The result indicated that middle basin, especially Ang Thong, Ayutthaya and Sing Buri cities had suffered a heavy damage. In the meantime, there was little serious damage from the inundation by river water in Bangkok city that is located in the lower basin area. The following two factors are mentioned as the reason; (1) In Bangkok, the flood discharge had been reduced by the time it reached the lower basin area because of the overtopping in the middle basin. (2) The flood discharge has been degreasing in the downstream of the Chao Phraya River basin year by year since the Bhumibol and the Sirikit dams were constructed in the upper basin. In addition, the evaluation of the provability was carried out on the flood in 2002 using the generalization extreme value distribution. The flood was estimated under the 10-year return period discharge and it turned out the flood with the high possibility of occurrence.

著者

牛山 素行 吉田 淳美

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.487-497, 2006-02-28

被引用文献数

6

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A heavy rainfall caused by typhoon No. 0514 (Nabi, GLIDE: TC-2005-000154-JPN) and a stationary front occurred in Japan from September 4 to 8, 2005. A 1238-mm, 48-hour precipitation was recorded at Mikado in Miyazaki prefecture. This was the highest recorded precipitation of all observatories administered by the Japan Meteorological Agency since 1979. Based on data from the agency, the highest 24-hour precipitation records in the last 25 years were revised at 56 observatories, and the highest 48-hour precipitation records were revised at 64 observatories as a result of this rainfall. However, there was no observatory where the highest 1-hour precipitation was revised. In this heavy rainfall, 2,834 houses were destroyed and 21,834 houses were inundated; most of the property destruction was caused by inundation. In total, 29 persons were killed or missing in 8 prefectures: 13 in Miyazaki prefecture, 5 in Kagoshima, 4 in Ohita, 3 in Yamaguchi and 4 in others. Of these deaths, 22 were attributable to sediment disaster. On the other hand, in Hinokage town, Miyazaki prefecture, there were no deaths even though a large number of houses were destroyed. This is because all the residents had taken refuge at least 6 hours before the flood and debris flow occurred. It should be noted that in Miyazaki city, an electronic bulletin board system (BBS) administered by the city office was helpful. Whenever a resident used the BBS to ask a question, the city office replied within several minutes. With this system, information was exchanged efficiently and there were no incidences of online vandalism. This example showed the potential for official disaster BBSs in Japan.

著者

桑形 恒男 近藤 純正

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.87-96, 1992-08-31

被引用文献数

2

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The horizontal wind field of the typhoon, T9119,was analyzed using the surface wind data at the meteorological stations in Japan. In this analysis, observed wind speeds were corrected according to the surface roughness of each station. The 10-min mean maximum wind speed attained to 40-50ms^<-1> over flat surface in western Japan and the coastal area of Sea of Japan. The calculated wind field from the empirical formula compares favorably with the observation, and also suggests that wind speeds around Japan are enhanced by fast moving velocity of the typhoon nearly 100km h^<-1>. The wind storm of T9119 is as strong as those of the strongest typhoons which landed in Japan for recent 40 years. The gust factor in typhoon area slightly increases during recent 40 years, which result is mainly attributed to the increase of the surface roughness z_0 around each meteorological station.

著者

山本 晴彦 早川 誠而 鈴木 義則

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.167-178, 1997-11-30

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

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The typhoons 9210 and 9612 damaged crops and green houses in western parts of Japan, in the early and the middle of August. For the typhoon 9210,the maximum instantaneous wind speed in Makurazaki city was 57.0 m/s, the maximum wind speed was about 15〜33 m/s in middle and southern parts of Kyushu districts. The loss money in the agriculture of Kyushu district by typhoon 9210 exceeded 19.8 billion yen. For the typhoon 9612,the maximum instantaneous wind speed in Kagoshima city was 58.5 m/s, this value was the maximum record since 1940. The precipitation of the Ebino meteorological station in August 14,1996 was 372 mm and many area in western parts of Japan were suffered by strong wind and heavy rainfall. The loss money in the agriculture of Kyushu district by typhoon 9612 exceeded 13.7 billion yen.

著者

安田 孝志

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.12-19, 1989-05-31

被引用文献数

1

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To explore a change of typhoon disasters in the area around Ise Bay and its feature, some investigations are made on the relation between the destructive power of 130-typhoons which attacked the area for seventy five years from 1912 to 1986 and the damages caused by the typhoons in both prefectures of Aichi and Mie. It is revealed that although the typhoons accompanying storm surge are very dangerous for both the prefectures, countermeasures for typhoon disaster prevention which have been provided since 1960 are fairly effective against the attack of such the typhoons and succeed in decreasing the damages. While, it is pointed out that the rate of the damages to the power of the typhoons which attacked both the prefectures after 1960 rather exceeds that before 1959 and typhoon disasters are changing in quality since 1960.

著者

三雲 健

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.49-57, 2003-05-30

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A large earthquake (Mw7.4) occurred on January 22, 2003 off the Pacific coast of the state of Colima, Mexico, which was felt strongly throughout the state and its adjacent regions. The hypocenter was located near the suggested boundary between the Rivera and Cocos plates both subducting beneath the North American plate, and close to the southeastern rim of the source region of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco earthquake (Mw8.O). From a centroid moment tensor (CMT) inversion of teleseismic waveforms, the 2003 earthquake has been shown to have a thrust fault shallowly dipping toward NNE. The ruptured source region estimated from the aftershock area with a radius of about 30 km extended over part of the seismic gap left unbroken between the source areas of the 1973 and 1995 previous large earthquakes, and overlapped the southeastern part of the 1932 and 1995 source regions. The earthquake has been recorded at various seismograph stations not only in Mexico but also worldwide. The maximum ground acceleration recorded at hard sites during this earthquake exceeded 100 gals in the epicentral region, and was 2-3 gals at inland stations 800 km away from the epicenter. The seismic intensity in the cities of Colima and Tecoman was reported to be VIII on the modified Mercali scale. The state of Colima and the adjacent states suffered extensive damage, including 15,000 damaged houses which were mostly unreinforced masonry and brick structures. Landslides and liquefactions were also reported near the epicentral region and along the coast.

著者

脇水 健次 西山 浩司

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.397-401, 2002-02-28

著者

梶川 正弘

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.37-48, 1988-03-01

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The severe disaster caused by gusts and hailfalls occurred in the southern inland of Akita Prefecture on August 6,1985. This report deals with the outline of meteorological conditions, damages and characteristics of the gusts in relation to the hailstorms. The following main results were obtained : l) The gusts accompanied with hailfalls were brought about by well-developed thunderstorms related mainly to the unstable stratification by advection of upper cold air. 2) The damaged area by the gusts is about 5 km in north-south direction and about 4 km in east-west direction. The degree of damages is remarkable in western and southwestern side of the hailfall area. Furthermore, the gusts show a divergent tendency in the direction of mainly west, southwest and south from the damaged area by hailfalls. Therefore, it seems that the damages by gusts was caused by the downburst accompanied by well-developed cumulonimbus. 3) Most of the damages were the injury of heads of rice plants and trellises and blossoms of hops by hailfalls and gusts.

著者

中島 暢太郎

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.61-63, 1986-09-30

著者

三隅 良平

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.177-188, 1998-08-31

被引用文献数

1

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A forecast experiment of landslide is conducted with the use of a mesoscale rainfall model. The rainfall model is physically based, which predicts rainfall at 2 km grid intervals. The predicted rainfall is inputted into an empirical formula and the occurrence of landslide is evaluated. We applied the model to the landslide disaster caused by Typhoon 9307. The model predicted 48% and 82% of the study area as the occurrence regions of severe and non-severe landslides, respectively. Actually two severe and nine non-severe landslides occurred in these regions. The results suggest the possibility of landslide forecasting with the use of a rainfall model. However, some problems were pointed out through the experiments; for example, the predicted landslide regions were too wide compared with the actual ones. We discuss how the problems will be improved.

著者

牛山 素行 里深 好文 海堀 正博

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.165-175, 1999-08-31

被引用文献数

2

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The heavy rainfall disasters occurred mainly in Hiroshima Prefecture on June 29th, 1999. The death toll in the whole country was 41. This damage is the biggest after the typhoon disasters in September 1993. The maximum daily precipitation around Hiroshima City was about 260 mm and the maximum hourly precipitation was about 70 mm. These records became one of the highest records around Hiroshima City. The heavy rainfall area was local; the area with more than 200 mm daily precipitation was about 10 km (east - west), 30 km (north - south). Most of the dead persons were killed by the sediment disasters. There are 5,960 hazardous place for steep slope failure and 4,930 dangerous streams of debris flows in Hiroshima Prefecture, which are the highest in Japan. Based on this event, it is necessary to construct warning and evacuation system, to examine a way of land use and so on in the future.

著者

近藤 観慈 林 拙郎 王 文能 沼本 晋也 川邊 洋

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.255-270, 2003-11-30

被引用文献数

3

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The Chi-chi earthquake, which occurred on September 21, 1999, generated serious damage mainly in the central Taiwan. The number of deaths and missings caused by the earthquake became the scale which ranks second to the Hsinchu-Taichung earthquake which occurred in 1935. Not only in the urban area but also in the mountainous area, the earthquake caused terrible damage due to the upheaval of the ground, cave-ins and landslides. About two years after the Chi-chi earthquake, two typhoons (Toraji, Nari) crossed over central Taiwan in June and September, respectivelys in 2001. These generated serious damage as well in the same area which had suffered damages from the Chi-chi earthquake. This paper shows the sediment disasters in the mountainous area caused by this earthquake and by these typhoons. The situations of sediment disasters, along with the history of natural disasters in Taiwan, are summarized.

著者

岩松 暉

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.107-111, 1997-08-30

被引用文献数

3

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Severe debris flow disaster occurred along the Harihara River, Izumi City, Kagoshima Prefecture at midnight of June 10,1997. 21 persons were killed and 18 houses were destroyed by the debris flow. Pleistocene volcanic breccias are widely distributed in the vicinity of the Harihara district. Matrices of these rocks have been greatly altered to very soft clay by superficial weathering. And thick slope sediments which consist of talus deposits with huge boulders and core stones of onion structure crop out in the landslide area. Collapsed slope sediments rushed into farm pond beneath the slope, and water-saturated debris changed into debris flow.

著者

牛山 素行

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.373-385, 2004-02-29

被引用文献数

1

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A heavy rainfall caused by a baiu-front (stationary front) occurred in Kyusyu district from July 19 to 21, 2002. In Minamata city, Kumamoto prefecture, an hourly precipitation of 91 mm was recorded on July 20 and the total precipitation amounted to 428 mm. The highest 1 hour precipitation records in the last 23 years were revised at 3 observatories, and the highest 24-hour precipitation was revised at 4 observatories based on the data of the Japan Meteorological Agency. In this heavy rainfall, 23 persons were killed, 104 houses were destroyed, and about 7,800 houses were inundated. The largest human damage due to this event occurred in Minamata city, Kumamoto prefecture. While the residents were taking shelter, debris flow killed 19 people in the city. The evacuation issue by Minamata city was announced after the debris flow occurred. In Fukuoka city, 1352 houses were flooded when the Mikasa River overflowed its banks. A flood disaster had also occurred in the city in 1999. In a hotel, a disaster prevention plan based on Internet real-time rainfall and water revel information was established after the disaster. Water sealing plates were installed according to this plan and this hotel escaped the present flood damage. It is important to examine methods of utilizing real time rainfall information.

著者

高橋 和雄 阿比留 勝吾

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.125-134, 1995-10-01

被引用文献数

1

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The heavy rainfall which swept over the Kagoshima district on August 6,1993 killed 49 persons and damaged Kagoshima city and its vicinity tremendously. Roads of Kagoshima city were suddenly submerged by flash flood and broken by solpe failure and landslide. The disaster prevention agencies could not enough accumulate and disseminate disaster information. It is the object of this paper to investigate the countermeasure of the disaster prevention agencies such as meteorological office, fire fighting office, city office, electric power company, Nippon telegraph and telephone company, police station and information media. The dissemination of the information and evacuation plan are also discussed.

著者

沖村 孝 杉本 剛康

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.297-313, 1995-01-31

被引用文献数

1

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A method for estimating the probab1e damage caused by heavy rainfall is proposed that considers the occurrence rate of disasters caused by natural phenomena and the distribution of things that must be protected. Flood and mountain slope failures are regarded as natural phenomena in our study, and the population density is seen as a thing to be protected. This method was applied to the base of the mountain area along the Sumiyoshi River in Kobe City which had experienced flooding and mountain slope failures in 1938 and 1967. The results obtained for the occurrence rates of natura1 phenomena reflect the effects of the counter-measures taken after 1938,as well as urban development that has spread along the base of the Rokko Mountains.