著者

青山 美子 植田 康志 栗田 源彦 大橋 秀法 鳥潟 親雄 前島 一淑

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.421-435, 1992

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高周波電磁界の生体に及ぼす影響を検索することを目的として, 高周波電磁界の発生装置をウサギ耳介に装着し, 赤外線サーモグラフィによる皮膚表面温度, レーザードップラー血流計による皮膚血流量, ビデオマクロスコープによる細動静脈血管径の変化を測定した。周波数9MHzの高周波電磁界15分間照射によって, 局所の細動脈血管の拡張は認められなかったが, 明らかな皮膚表面温度の持続的な上昇, ならびに, 細静脈血管の拡張と血流量の増加傾向が観察され, 微小循環の亢進が確認された。又, モルモットに対する高周波電磁界の有害作用 (周波数9MHz, 1日8時間×30日間照射) は, 一般行動, 飼料摂取量, 体重, 臓器重量, 血液生化学値, 剖検所見, 組織学的所見では認められなかった。

著者

芹川 忠夫 山田 淳三

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:00075124)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.665-671, 1993-10-01 (Released:2010-08-25)

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LAS公開シンポジウム「実験動物科学の使命と新たなる展開」の講演要項中, 「獣医学は実験動物科学のなかで何をなすべきか (光岡知足) 」の7ページ, 21行目~25行目に, 記述が不十分なところがあったので, 24行目, 「微生物学的研究・開発の重要性について言えば, 昨年11月から今年1月, 京大医学部附属動物実験施設で起きたラットの腎症候性出血熱とそれに対する対応のしかたに問題があったことからも明らかである。」のあとに, 「このような事件の再発を防止するためにも, また, 適正に行うべき動物実験を, とかく安易に考えがちな実験動物使用者に対して警告を与える意味においても, 本病原体がどのような経路で侵入し, 本事件をどのように処理したか, さらに, 今なお, どのような問題が残されているかについて関係者の見解を表明すべきであったと思う。」を挿入・加筆することを考えたが, 上記のような関係者の報告が掲載されることとなり, ここに7ページ, 21行目~25行目の記述のすべてを削除する。関係者から問題点として指摘された項目を含め, 人畜共通伝染病としての微生物学的研究・開発ならびに情報システムの一層の進展を望むとともに, 同様の事件発生の際には, 積極的に会員に事件についての情報を提供していただくことを切望する。

著者

田爪 正気 梅原 恵子 松沢 秀之 相川 浩幸 橋本 一男 佐々木 正五

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:00075124)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.517-522, 1991

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マウスの寿命に及ぼす無菌状態と食餌制限の影響について検討した。実験動物は雄のICR系無菌およびSPFマウスを用いた。制限食の開始時期は生後5週とし, 自由摂取群と制限食群とに分けた。制限食群の食餌は自由摂取群の摂取量の80℃6 (4.5g/日) を毎日与えた。平均寿命は自由摂取群のSPFマウスでは75.9週, 無菌マウスでは88.9週, 制限食群のSPFマウスでは117.5週, 無菌マウスでは109.6週であった。また, 体重を計測した結果, 制限食群は自由摂取群と比べて, SPFおよび無菌マウス共に低値の成績が得られた。この結果, 離乳直後からの食餌制限は成熟を遅らせ, 成長期間が長くなり, 寿命が延びている可能性が考えられる。一方, 無菌マウスの平均寿命はSPFマウスの平均寿命と比べて, 自由摂取群では長く, 制限食群では短かった。この成績から, 無菌状態と食餌制限の組合せでは顕著な延命効果は認められなかったが, 各々単独では平均寿命の延長に影響を及ぼしている可能性が示唆された。

著者

Kei MATSUNO Setsunosuke IHARA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.323-332, 2015 (Released:2015-08-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3

著者

Yunyun TIAN Li TAO Siriguleng ZHAO Dapeng TAI Dongjun LIU Pengxia LIU

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15-0031, (Released:2015-11-27)

被引用文献数

15

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most promising cell populations for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Of utmost importance to MSC research is identification of MSC sources that are easily obtainable and stable. Several studies have shown that MSCs can be isolated from amniotic fluid. The sheep is one of the main types of farm animal, and it has many biophysical and biochemical similarities to humans. Here, we obtained MSCs from ovine amniotic fluid and determined the expansion capacity, surface and intracellular marker expression, karyotype, and multilineage differentiation ability of these ovine amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (oAF-MSCs). Moreover, expression levels of differentiation markers were measured using reverse transcription-qPCR (RT-qPCR). Our phenotypic analysis shows that the isolated oAF-MSCs are indeed MSCs.

著者

目加田 和之 阿部 訓也 村上 亜弓 NAKAMURA Satoe NAKATA Hatsumi MORIWAKI Kazuo OBATA Yuichi YOSHIKI Atsushi

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.141-149, 2009

被引用文献数

1 270

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The C57BL/6 mouse is the most well-known inbred mouse strain, and has been widely used as a genetic background for congenic and mutant mice. A number of C57BL/6 substrains have been derived from the C57BL/6 founder line and are reported to differ in several phenotypes. There are several major sources of C57BL/6 substrains for the biomedical research community. The importance of their genetic and phenotypic differences among substrains, however, has not yet been well recognized by biomedical researchers. Here, we report the result of screening of the functional deletion of the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (<i>Nnt</i>) gene and 1,446 SNPs genotyping among seven C57BL/6 substrains from different sources, such as C57BL/6J, C57BL/6JJcl, C57BL/6JJmsSlc, C57BL/6NJcl, C57BL/6NCrlCrlj, C57BL/6NTac, and C57BL/6CrSlc. The deletion of exon 7-11 in the <i>Nnt</i> gene that was previously reported in C57BL/6J was also observed in other C57BL/6J substrains, indicating that this functional deletion probably occurred at an early stage in the establishment of C57BL/6J substrains. The genotyping of SNP loci clearly demonstrate genetic differences between C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N substrains at 11 loci. Besides, we found another SNP differing between C57BL/6J and other C57BL/6J substrains available from commercial breeders. No genetic difference was detected among C57BL/6N substrains. The C57BL/6CrSlc mouse, originally derived from the National Cancer Institute of the NIH was found to be the same as the C57BL/6N substrains by the SNP pattern. These data will be useful for accurate genetic monitoring of genetically engineered mice with the C57BL/6 background.<br>

著者

An-Yun GUO Kwok-Sui LEUNG Ming-Fai SIU Jiang-Hui QIN Simon Kwoon-Ho CHOW Ling QIN Chi-yu LI Wing-Hoi CHEUNG

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.15-0025, (Released:2015-07-17)

被引用文献数

2 47

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Sarcopenia is an age-related systemic syndrome with progressive deterioration in skeletal muscle functions and loss in mass. Although the senescence-accelerated mouse P8 (SAMP8) was reported valid for muscular ageing research, there was no report on the details such as sarcopenia onset time. Therefore, this study was to investigate the change of muscle mass, structure and functions during the development of sarcopenia. Besides the average life span, muscle mass, structural and functional measurements were also studied. Male SAMP8 animals were examined at month 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, in which the right gastrocnemius was isolated and tested for ex vivo contractile properties and fatigability while the contralateral one was harvested for muscle fiber cross-sectional area (FCSA) and typing assessments. Results showed that the peak of muscle mass appeared at month 7 and the onset of contractility decline was observed from month 8. Compared with month 8, most of the functional parameters at month 10 decreased significantly. Structurally, muscle fiber type IIA made up the largest proportion of the gastrocnemius, and the fiber size was found to peak at month 8. Based on the altered muscle mass, structural and functional outcomes, it was concluded that the onset of sarcopenia in SAMP8 animals was at month 8. SAMP8 animals at month 8 should be at pre-sarcopenia stage while month 10 at sarcopenia stage. It is confirmed that SAMP8 mouse can be used in sarcopenia research with established time line in this study.

著者

Kenji SAKUMA Susumu HAYASHI Yoshiyuki YASAKA Hiroto NISHIJIMA Hisakage FUNABASHI Masayoshi HAYASHI Hideaki MATSUOKA Mikako SAITO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.101-107, 2013 (Released:2013-04-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4

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In order to provide healthy experimental animals, it is important to find and remove animals that have been accidentally exposed to various stresses during breeding. This study focuses mouse health-care management. Here we used human olfaction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess odor intensity and determine the concentrations of odor components. The feces were collected from mice that were exposed to 4 different stresses (no bedding chips, shaking, fasting, and movement restriction). These stresses caused a change in odor intensity as assessed by 6 panelists. Seventeen components were identified as dominant components in the odor that was emitted from feces. The concentration of each compound was converted to relative values versus its odor threshold levels in order to select ones effective for the quality of the odor. As a result, 12 selected components were found to be a useful set for the recognition of mice bred under different stress conditions. The present results may provide useful information for the development of standard fecal odor materials that may be used for the training of mouse care personnel.

著者

Francesco FAZIO Stefania CASELLA Claudia GIANNETTO Elisabetta GIUDICE Giuseppe PICCIONE

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14-0032, (Released:2014-08-05)

被引用文献数

2 18

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Haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells (WBC), reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), the antioxidant barrier (Oxy-adsorbent) and thiol groups of plasma compounds (SHp) were measured in ten dogs that had been transported a distance of about 230 km within 2 h (experimental group) and in ten dogs that had not been subjected to road transportation (control group). Blood was collected via cephalic venipuncture before road transportation (T0), after road transportation (T1), and more than 6 (T6) and 24 (T24) hours after road transportation in the experimental group (Group A) and at the same time points in the control group (Group B). The GLM (general linear model) Repeated Measures procedure showed a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.0001) and a significant rise (P<0.0001) in the concentrations of Hp, SAA, CRP, WBC, ROMs, Oxy-adsorbent and SHp after road transportation in Group A, underlining that physiological and homeostatic mechanisms are modified differently at various sampling times.

著者

滝沢 光男 矢島 隆二 林 昌亮 坂口 孝

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:00075124)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.311-314, 1978-07-25 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

5

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市販のプラスチック膜 (パラフィルム) を用いた微量測定法により, ラットのプロトロンビン時間を測定しQuickの方法による生理値と比較したとき, その相関係数は0.951と非常に高く, 本微量法は血液凝固能を検索する上で有効であることが確かめられた。またその応用例として, 名種実験動物におけるプロトロンビン時間について本法により検討したところ, ウサギの正常値は9.8秒と最も短かく, 次いでイヌ, マウス, ネコ, ラットの順に長くなり, その正常値はそれぞれ12.5, 13.3, 14.8, 16.0秒であり, モルモットの場合が最も長く25.3秒であった。

著者

Ruixia Zeng YiBo Zhang Peng Du

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.73-78, 2014 (Released:2014-02-07)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3 18

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Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), which is associated with inherited human obesity, is involoved in food intake and body weight of mammals. To study the relationships between MC4R gene polymorphism and body weight in Beagle dogs, we detected and compared the nucleotide sequence of the whole coding region and 3′- and 5′- flanking regions of the dog MC4R gene (1214 bp). In 120 Beagle dogs, two SNPs (A420C, C895T) were identified and their relation with body weight was analyzed with RFLP-PCR method. The results showed that the SNP at A420C was significantly associated with canine body weight trait when it changed amino acid 101 of the MC4R protein from asparagine to threonine, while canine body weight variations were significant in female dogs when MC4R nonsense mutation at C895T. It suggested that the two SNPs might affect the MC4R gene’s function which was relative to body weight in Beagle dogs. Therefore, MC4R was a candidate gene for selecting different size dogs with the MC4R SNPs (A420C, C895T) being potentially valuable as a genetic marker.

著者

Takehiro Ochi Ippei Nishiura Mitsuyoshi Tatsumi Yoshimi Hirano Kouichi Yahagi Yasuhiro Sakurai Yuji Sudo Hironari Koyama Yuichi Hagita Yoshikatsu Fujimoto Shinji Kitamura Hideki Hashimoto Tomoya Nakamura Asobi Yamada Masayoshi Tanimoto Noriko Nishina

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.329-332, 2013 (Released:2013-10-31)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 12

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Here, to determine the effects of transport stress on blood parameters in dogs, we investigated the changes in hematologic and serum chemical parameters in healthy beagle dogs transported from Beijing, China, to Osaka, Japan, to obtain the background data. Only the activity of serum alkaline phosphatase increased clearly upon arrival, a change attributed to transport stress, but the activity gradually reduced afterward. No marked changes in levels of other blood parameters were noted. Our findings here suggest that alkaline phosphatase is a useful tool for studying transport stress.

著者

Shizuko NAGAO Masanori KUGITA Daisuke YOSHIHARA Tamio YAMAGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.477-488, 2012 (Released:2012-10-25)

参考文献数

81

被引用文献数

13 64

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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a hereditary disorder with abnormal cellular proliferation, fluid accumulation in numerous cysts, remodeling of extracellular matrix, inflammation, and fibrosis in the kidney and liver. The two major types of PKD show autosomal dominant (ADPKD) or autosomal recessive inheritance (ARPKD). ADPKD is one of the most common genetic diseases, with an incidence of 1:500–1,000. Approximately 50% of patients with ADPKD develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD) by the age of 60. On the other hand, ARPKD is relatively rare, with an incidence of approximately 1:20,000–40,000. ARPKD is diagnosed early in life, often prenatally. The gene products responsible for ADPKD and ARPKD distribute in primary cilia and are thought to control intercellular Ca2+. Two types of animal model of PKD have been established: spontaneous hereditary models identified by the typical manifestations of PKD and gene-engineered models established by modification of human orthologous genes. Both types of animal models are used to study the mechanism of cystogenesis and efficacy of medical treatments. In PKD progression, critical roles of signaling pathways including MAPK, mTOR, and PPAR-γ have been discovered with these models. Therefore, experimental animal models are indispensable for investigating molecular mechanisms of PKD onset and progression as well as potential therapeutic treatments.

著者

Tohru KIMURA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.1-13, 1996 (Released:2003-12-23)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

5 10

著者

Sekiguchi Yukari Owada Junya Oishi Hisashi Katsumata Tokio Ikeda Kaori Kudo Takashi Takahashi Satoru

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.445-451, 2012

被引用文献数

9 4

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Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) has been applied in gene therapy and research to screen for transgene expression, progression of infection, tumor growth and metastasis, and transplantation. It enables real-time and relatively noninvasive localization and serial quantification of biological processes in experimental animals. In diabetes research, BLI has been employed for the quantification of β-cell mass, monitoring of islet graft survival after transplantation, and detection of reporter gene expression. Here, we explore the use of BLI in a transgenic mouse expressing luciferase under the control of the mouse insulin 1 promoter (MIP-Luc-VU). A previous report on MIP-Luc-VU mice showed luminescence intensities emitted from the islets correlated well with the number of islets in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we showed MIP-Luc-VU mice fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks gave rise to a greater bioluminescent signal than mice fed a regular diet for the same period of time. Conversely, there was a strong reduction in the signal observed in diabetic Mafa-deficient/Mafk-transgenic mutant mice and streptozotocin-treated mice, reflecting the loss of β-cells. Furthermore, we were able to monitor fetal β-cell genesis in MIP-Luc-VU mice during the late gestational stage in a noninvasive and repetitive manner. In summary, we show that bioluminescence imaging of mice expressing a β-cell specific reporter allows detection of changes in β-cell mass and visualization of fetal β-cell neogenesis in uteri.

著者

Hiroshi Masuya

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.365-373, 2012 (Released:2012-07-26)

参考文献数

37

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A huge amount of experimental data from past studies has played a vital role in the development of new knowledge and technologies in biomedical science. The importance of computational technologies for the reuse of data, data integration, and knowledge discoveries has also increased, providing means of processing large amounts of data. In recent years, information technologies related to “ontologies” have played more significant roles in the standardization, integration, and knowledge representation of biomedical information. This review paper outlines the history of data integration in biomedical science and its recent trends in relation to the field of experimental animal science.

著者

Toyoyuki Takada Toshihiko Shiroishi

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.375-388, 2012 (Released:2012-07-26)

参考文献数

68

被引用文献数

4 6 4

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Mammalian quantitative traits that are observed at the whole-body level, such as body weight and length and blood biochemical parameters, are determined by the cooperative effects of multiple genetic and epigenetic factors as well as environmental factors. This complexity has hampered the genetic analysis of quantitative traits. To overcome this difficulty, we have established a full set of consomic mouse strains, also known as chromosome substitution strains, by replacing every chromosome of the classical inbred strain C57BL/6J with its counterpart from the Japanese wild-mouse-derived inbred strain MSM/Ms. The core components of the genomes of these two strains originated from different mouse subspecies. The inter-subspecific large-genome divergence and phenotypic differences between the two strains allowed the identification of genetic determinants for many quantitative traits by comprehensive phenotype screening. For some quantitative traits, the genetic determinants could be dissected into multiple chromosomes, thereby reflecting strain differences between C57BL/6J and MSM/Ms and their simple additive effects on the background of the consomic host strain. For other quantitative traits, the measured values of some consomic strains often far exceeded the range of the two parental strains, which suggests that nonadditive genetic interactions occur among multiple genes located on the substituted MSM/Ms chromosomes and the consomic host chromosomes. Thus, the inter-subspecific consomic strains are unique tools that can be used to identify both additive and nonadditive genetic effects on quantitative complex traits.

著者

大野 京子 丹羽 愛樹 加藤 志津香 子安 和弘 織田 銑一 近藤 恭司

出版者

Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science

雑誌

Experimental Animals (ISSN:00075124)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.449-454, 1992

被引用文献数

5

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新たなる実験動物として小型食虫類のジネズミ (<I>Crocidura dsineaumi</I>) を飼育・繁殖した。動物の捕獲はシャーマンライブトラップを用いて行い, 木製ケージにて飼育した。数世代経過後はプラスチックケージにて飼育し, 餌は養鱒用ペレットおよびキャットフードを, 水は給水瓶にて自由摂取させた。繁殖は雄1雌1個体を2~3週間同居させ, 出産・哺育時は雄親を離すようにした。ケージ内飼育においては通年繁殖し, 妊娠期間は28~30日, リッターサイズは1~4匹であった。新生児は急激に成長し, 生後6~8週齢で成体になった (雄9.7g, 雌8.3g) .繁殖期間は約1年半, 生存期間はおよそ2年以上と考えられた。