著者

山下 政司

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.843-849, 2011-12-10 (Released:2012-04-10)

参考文献数

30

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There is autonomic specificity in emotion. Objective evaluation for emotion using physiological parameters has some possibilities of applications to the creation of comfortable environment, emotional movies or advertisements, to the human interface of the machine that obeys emotions, and to an understanding of emotions of the patients who cannot speak. As anger correlates with the stress, the psychosomatic disease and coronary heart disease, an understanding of the physiological features is important in medicine. But, the responses of blood circulation and autonomic nerve activities in anger, which is often felt in daily life, are not clear. Therefore, the measurement of blood circulation in anger was introduced, and the autonomic nerve activities and the minimum value of the cross-correlation coefficients between RSA and the respiratory wave (ρmin), which could associate with the autonomic nerve activity, were evaluated. Further, the correlation of the physiological parameters with subjective evaluation was investigated. Anger increased SBP/DBP and maintained their levels for a while. These reasons were estimated by the analysis of Pulse Wave Amplitude to the effects of sympathetic α-adrenergic vasoconstriction of the arteriole and slow metabolism of noradrenaline and adrenaline which must be elicited by anger. Anger did not change HR, but increased double product and maintained its level for a while. On the other hand, the correlation of ρmin with subjective evaluation was obtained. Therefore, ρmin is an effective index to objective evaluation for anger strength.

著者

岡田 随象

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.165-172, 2017-08-10 (Released:2018-01-23)

参考文献数

20

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Recent development of high throughput genome sequence technologies, such as next generation sequencer (NGS) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray, provides “flood” of human genome data. Large-scale human genetic studies incorporating more than 100,000 subjects have identified thousands of genetic variants with causal risk of human diseases. To handle such BIG data, sophisticated computational and statistical approaches are required. While construction of in silico pipelines to translate NGS raw reads to human genome variations is necessary, development of further strategies to interpret human genome data and understand disease biology elucidation and novel drug discovery is becoming more and more important. Statistical genetics is a research field that evaluates causality between human genetic and phenotypic variations, and considered as a promising tool to translationally connect human genome data with a variety of biological and medical resources. In this review, we highlight a basic theory, latest updates, and future directions of human genome data analysis with a series of introductory examples.

著者

藤田 欣也 中楯 浩康

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.58-62, 2014-02-10 (Released:2014-05-22)

著者

松村 健太 李 知炯 山越 健弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.120-128, 2016-06-10 (Released:2016-11-23)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2

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The advent of the smartphone, a compact but powerful and multifunctional computing device, permits the measurements of various physiological indices using a commercially available device alone. This is achieved by using built-in flash LED as a light source and built-in CMOS camera as a photo detector, and is called smartphone photoplethysmography (PPG). Although smartphone PPG is so easy that even a non-specialist can operate by oneself in daily life, it should be used with sufficient knowledge of its effectiveness and limitation. Otherwise, users may encounter unpredictable pitfalls. In this review article, we describe the basics of smartphone PPG in terms of the general background of PPG, restrictions especially for smartphone PPG, and caution during measurement, which are essential information for effective daily life measurement.

著者

赤枝 建夫 浅川 徹也 多屋 優人 横山 浩之 林 拓世 水野(松本) 由子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.89-94, 2013-04-10 (Released:2013-09-10)

参考文献数

21

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The objective of this research is to evaluate autonomic nervous function in Holter Electrocardiogram (ECG) using smartphone under the emotional stimuli. Twenty-four healthy subjects were assessed using State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and divided into two groups:high anxiety group and low anxiety group. ECG was measured under emotionally audio-visual stimuli (relax, pleasant, and unpleasant stimuli) and emotional sentence stimuli (pleasant sentence and un-pleasant sentence stimuli) using smartphone. The RR interval from ECG was analyzed for estimating the HF% and LF/HF values. The HF% and LF/HF values among stimuli and between groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test, respectively. The LF/HF values of pleasant, unpleasant, pleasant sentence, and unpleasant sentence stimuli were significantly higher than the value of relax stimuli. The LF/HF value of unpleasant stimuli in low anxiety group was significantly higher than the value in high anxiety group. This research suggests that the autonomic nervous function would be different based on the emotional stimuli and the presence of anxiety.

著者

金山 義男 池上 駿介 飯國 高弘 中島 一樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.6, pp.252-259, 2018-12-10 (Released:2019-04-09)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3

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This study aims to develop a non-contact uroflowmeter. The sensor unit consists of four non-contact matrix temperature sensors, a multiplexer and a built-in microcomputer. The sensor unit was installed in an existing toilet. Using pure water to pseudo-urine, we examined both change of room temperature and pseudo-urine temperature. The conversion coefficient for estimating pseudo voided volume was affected by both temperatures. Next, we studied how the sitting down on the toilet and flushing influenced the estimated urine volume with subjects. The estimated volume from the temperature sensor showed a good relationship to weight difference before and after the urination.

著者

相澤 康平 根岸 幹大 町山 敦史 奥村 高広

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.6, pp.164-169, 2022-12-10 (Released:2023-03-11)

参考文献数

6

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At facilities where the number of cases of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is less than 100 per year, which accounts for 60% of the cardiac surgery facilities in Japan, it is difficult to acquire and maintain the operation technique of CPB by the open circuit. Therefore, a valve-type semi-closed extracorporeal circulation (VACC) system was devised. In the VACC, which is a closed circuit like ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation), the volume control reservoir (VR) is connected to the venous circuit via a check valve as a safety valve. The safety valve opens and closes depending on the pressure gradient between the VR which is under negative pressure and the venous circuit. As a result, the VACC can be switched between an open circuit and a closed circuit. For the purpose of improving safety in the case of air entering the venous circuit, which is the weakness of the closed circuit, water experiments to simulate an accidental venous decannulation were conducted. In the VACC, like the open circuit, when one of the two venous cannulas was decannulated, an air lock occurred. That is a phenomenon in which venous drainage and air movement are stagnant due to being obstructed by the siphon effect of a mass of air in the venous circuit. The safety valve was open when an air lock occurred, and it was easy for it to occur when the negative pressure was weaker. If a venous cannula is decannulated, the negative pressure in the venous circuit will be augmented, and then the pressure in the venous circuit will be limited to the pressure in the VR. Therefore, the suction power of a mass of air is reduced, and air movement is stagnant. As a result, an air lock occurs. When using a closed circuit, venous decannulation causes a large amount of air entering. On the other hand, the VACC can control air behavior in the venous circuit by adjusting the pressure in the VR;for example, by opening the VR to atmospheric pressure.

著者

今井 文吾 塩澤 成弘 牧川 方昭

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.148-155, 2006 (Released:2008-02-27)

参考文献数

10

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In this study, to eliminate the motion artifacts contaminating photoplethysmograpic (PPG) signals, a clip-type earlobe photoplethysmography sensor was improved and a noise-reduction algorithm based on a multiple-regression model was examined. Motion artifacts are thought to be caused by a change in the flow of blood. We thought that such motion artifacts could be reduced considering the acceleration change during body motion. In this study, an acceleration sensor was integrated with a commercially available clip-type earlobe PPG sensor. For the first step, typical motion artifact waveforms were calculated by choosing every motion artifact waveform, arranging the peak time and averaging. In the second step, to make a multiple regression analysis between averaged acceleration and averaged motion artifact waveform, regression coefficients were calculated. Finally, an original PPG signal with motion artifact was filtered using an individually adjusted multiple regression model. In experiments, five subjects were asked to walk and run on a treadmill to verify this filtering method. Results show that our new motion artifacts reduction algorithm is proven to be effective for decreasing the influence of body motion, and the detection accuracy of the number of pulsations has improved up to 13.3%.

著者

山脇 真里 王 忠奎 平井 慎一 坂本 晶子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.Annual59, no.Proc, pp.799-801, 2021 (Released:2021-10-17)

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乳房部は軟組織であり、年齢とともに変形・下垂していく。その原因にはホルモンバランスの変化による乳腺比率の低下のような内的影響だけでなく、日常生活の中で受ける重力・揺れといった外的影響の時間的積み重ねも大きな原因の一つであると言われている。ブラジャーは乳房の形を整え美しく見せるとともに、重力等の外的影響による負荷を軽減させるという重要な役割を担っているが、この役割を果たす最適なブラジャー設計を提案するためにも、乳房がどのように重力負荷を受けているかを知ることは重要である。そこで本研究の目的は、重力が静止時の乳房に与える影響を、有限要素解析により検討することとする。乳房モデルの構築には、重力を受ける前のニュートラルな位置・形状を基にするため、航空機で放物線飛行を行うことにより微小重力状態を作り出し、その時の形状を3D計測したものを用いた。材料物性は地上での座位形状を再現できるよう調整し、モデルの検証には立位体前屈、仰臥位へのシミュレーションを行った。これにより日常かかりうる乳房への重力負荷の可視化を行っている。

著者

下村 理雄 磯野 正太郎 船瀬 新王

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.Annual58, no.Abstract, pp.471, 2020 (Released:2020-08-05)

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我々日本人は集中力を高めるためや作業効率を向上させる目的でハチマキを頭部に巻くことがしばしばある.しかしながら,実際に集中力や単位時間あたりの作業量を向上させるかを検討した研究は未だない.そこで我々は本稿においてハチマキを巻くことによって集中力と作業効率を上昇させる効果があるかを検討する.本研究においては二種類のタスクをハチマキのあるなしで成績に変化があるかを検討する.一種類目のタスクとして内田クレペリン検査を行う.これはハチマキが集中力に影響を与えているかを検討するために行う.このタスクにおいては,一行あたりの回答数と正答数,正答率に着目する.二種類目のタスクとしてペグボードテストを行う.これはハチマキが指先の作業量に影響を与えているかと検討するために行う.このタスクにおいては一定時間内にペグをボードに挿入することができた数を成績とする.結果として,内田クレペリン検査の成績はハチマキの有無で大きな差をみることができなかった.回答数,正答数及び正答率をハチマキの有無でt検定を行ったところ,回答数,正答数,正答率において有意差をみることができなかった.ベグボードテストの成績もハチマキの有無で大きな差をみることができなかった.挿入数をハチマキの有無でt検定を行ったところ,有意差をみることができなかった.本結果は,ハチマキによって集中力や作業効率は変化しないことを示唆していると考える.

著者

中村 英夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4-5, pp.149-157, 2019-09-10 (Released:2019-12-19)

参考文献数

30

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This manuscript is to introduce the recording and analytic methodologies of surface electromyography (sEMG). sEMG is often concerned not only biomechanics and sport sciences but also recently IoT and ordinary life monitoring. However, although there are many publications for studies of biomechanics or rehabilitation, their documents for EMG is not understandable enough for the persons who are not specialized as EMG users. In view of the development of IoT or computer technologies, it must increase the researches and the novel technologies with EMG recordings in our daily lives but, because there is no standard for EMG, the beginners for EMG might face the difficulties to use EMG in their own interests. The author will try to explain for them on the physiological basis, the recording and analyses for EMG and then will also describe the applications of EMG.

著者

倉田 紀子 倉田 澄子 倉田 忠男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.637-644, 2012-12-10 (Released:2013-07-31)

参考文献数

12

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Hitherto, we have made the body-region separately weighing system by way of trial, and clarified the measurement of six body regions by taking a horizontal position to be possible under a certain specified measuring condition, and also, reported the measurement of the weight of trunk composed of upper and lower trunk might be possible by measuring their weights separately. In this study, the details of the measurement method of seven body region weights by use of a body-region separately weighing system were described. By using a body-region separately weighing system which was made with commercially obtained seven platform weighing machine and a laptop computer by way of trial, the weights of the seven body regions of a human body in a horizontal position, namely, the head, right and left arms, upper and lower trunk and right and left legs were confirmed to be measurable almost at the same time, with a good reproducibility. Thus, it was found that the measurement of the seven body regions of a subject was possible, and especially, by holding breath of the subject for a while, a remarkable reduction in the variation of the measured weight values, especially those of upper and lower trunk was clearly observed.

著者

長谷川 誠 佐藤 光生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.149-153, 2008-04-10 (Released:2008-10-06)

参考文献数

8

著者

加藤 拓哉 関野 正樹 松崎 大河 西川 敦 齋藤 洋一 大崎 博之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.180-188, 2012-02-10 (Released:2012-07-13)

参考文献数

21

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We previously proposed an eccentric figure-eight coil design which induces sufficient currents in the brain at lower output powers of stimulator. In the present study, numerical analyses were performed with various coil design parameters, such as outer and inner diameters and number of turns, to investigate the influence of these parameters on the eddy current distribution in the brain and the coil characteristics. Increases in the inner diameter, the outer diameter, and the number of turns caused increases in the induced currents. In order to downsize the stimulator system, we need to strengthen the eddy current in the brain, maintaining inductance as small as possible. Our results show that it is effective to enlarge outer diameter. In addition, there is only small difference in the eddy current distributions between the eccentric coil and the concentric coil in direction along with the coil plane and with depth of the brain.

著者

赤澤 堅造 奥野 竜平

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.Annual56, no.Abstract, pp.S240, 2018 (Released:2018-09-14)

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認知症予防には,正常集団から軽度認知障害(mild cognitive impairment MCI) への移行予防, MCIから認知症への移行の予防,認知症の増悪予防,である.米国のnun研究に見られるように,認知症予防の非薬物的な効果は認められている.認知症に対する音楽療法は,3編のコクランレビューがある.「被験者数が少なく,研究の方法論的な品質が低いため,メタ解析を実施できなく,有益な結論を導出できなかった」,との結論である. しかし成果を示す研究報告は多くあり,現状を把握する必要があると考えた.まずメタ解析の研究報告を参考にし,そして最近の文献のレビューを実施した後,効果量を用いてエビデンスを比較し,音楽療法によって得られる認知症予防の効果の現状および課題をまとめた.なお, 結果は次の通りである.認知症に関しては,音楽療法は不安の改善に効果量が中程度である,という結果が得られている.MCIに関しては,楽器演奏により認知機能改善が見られ,正常集団については,楽器演奏が認知症の危険度を低下させる,ことが示されている.

著者

堀 正二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.113-114, 2017-06-10 (Released:2017-10-31)

著者

小橋 昌司 諸岡 孝俊 奥野 真起子 森本 雅和 吉矢 晋一 相河 聡

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54Annual, no.26PM-Abstract, pp.S123-S123, 2016 (Released:2016-11-19)

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Total knee Arthroscopy (TKA) is an operation which replaces the damaged knee with an artificial knee implant. There are some kinds of TKA procedures, and various kinds of prosthesis. Thus, it becomes a tough work for surgeons to select an appropriate procedure and prosthesis for individual patients. This study proposes a prediction method of post-operative implanted knee kinematics. It predicts the post-operative kinematics from only pre-operative kinematics using a machine learning method with clinical big data. In 46 TKA subjects, the method predicts the post-operative anterior-posterior translation with a correlation coefficient of 0.77 and a root-mean-squared error of 0.7mm.

著者

岡本 和也 内山 俊郎 竹村 匡正 足立 貴行 粂 直人 黒田 知宏 内山 匡 吉原 博幸

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.40-47, 2011-02-10 (Released:2011-12-13)

参考文献数

30

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A DPC code expresses a primary disease, a complication, and procedures, etc. In 2010, 1334 hospitals use DPC codes for calculations of medical fees. Since, in the hospitals, the medical fee of each case is calculated based on one DPC code, each case must be classified into one DPC code. However, the classification is difficult in some cases because patients sometimes have various conditions. Therefore, automatic DPC code selections using machine learning are being studied. Suzuki et al. evaluated automatic DPC code selections from discharge summaries using a vector space method. However, there are general machine learning methods except for the vector space method. Hence, we must evaluate other machine learning methods exhaustively for improvement of accuracy of automatic DPC code selections. Therefore, we evaluated automatic DPC code selections from discharge summaries using naïve Bayes method, SVM, concept base method, and another vector space method which is different from the vector space model used by Suzuki et al. We considered these machine learning methods as general ones. We also focus on characteristics of each machine learning methods on automatic DPC code selections and we utilize a method which combines some machine learning methods. First, the combining method estimates confidences of the machine learning methods bases on classification scores that the machine learning methods regard as classification evidence. Next, the combining method adopts the method whose confidence is highest. We compared accuracy of the methods using discharge summaries created in 2008 fiscal year in Kyoto University Hospital. As a result, SVM classified 72.2% of the cases into correct DPC codes though the vector space model utilized by Suzuki et al. classified 64.8% into correct DPC codes. Moreover the combining method classified 76.1% into correct DPC codes. In conclusion, we achieved significant improvement.

著者

榎本 みのり 有竹 清夏 松浦 雅人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.144-148, 2008-04-10 (Released:2008-10-06)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

著者

下村 理雄 磯野 正太郎 船瀬 新王 内匠 逸

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.Annual60, no.Abstract, pp.147_2, 2022 (Released:2022-12-01)

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集中力の向上を目的として,ハチマキを頭部に装着することがある.しかし,ハチマキによる集中力への影響は未だ解明されていない.そこで我々はハチマキが集中力へどのような影響を与えるのかについて研究を行ってきている.本研究においては,集中力は課題への作業効率と正確性に反映されると仮定する.本稿は連続加算課題を行った際のハチマキが作業効率及び正確性に影響を与えるか明らかにする.連続加算課題とは,2つの数字を画面に表示し,それらの和の一の位を連続して解答するものである.本課題では作業効率は課題の解答数及び正答数,正確性は課題の誤答率と定義する.本実験では被験者8名に対し,連続加算課題を6回行う.作業効率について,ハチマキの有無を分類し全被験者の全6回の課題中の解答数と正答数の平均に対してt検定を行った結果,ハチマキ有の方が有意に高いことを確認した.また,各被験者の全6回の課題の結果より,ハチマキに対して好影響または悪影響を受ける群に分類した.ハチマキに対して好影響を受ける群は,課題の序盤においてハチマキの影響を受けるが,終盤においてはハチマキの影響を受けないことを確認した.正確性について,ハチマキの有無を分類し,全被験者の全6回の課題中の誤答率に対してt検定を行った結果,ハチマキ有の方が有意に低いことを確認した.本結果はハチマキの装着により作業効率と正確性が向上することを示唆している.