著者

木田 勇輔

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.30, pp.59-75, 2013-09-01 (Released:2014-03-07)

参考文献数

24

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In recent years, modern radical leaders have been elected in some representative metropolitan municipalities in Japan, such as Tokyo, Osaka, Yokohama, and Nagoya. This article studies a case of Nagoya city, and analyses radical reformist mayor's electoral base. As a result of analysis of survey data, we obtain some empirical findings. (1) The effect of basic social categories is not so strong, but young voters tend to approve Kawamura's job. (2) Not only supporters of Democratic Party, but also active non-partisans approve Kawamura's job, and voters' reformist identity is also significant for job approval. (3) Political organization members and government sector workers don't approve Kawamura's job. In modern Japanese cities, the system has weakened which enables parties to get voters' support through various groups and organizations. A large number of urban voters often demand political reform. This article shows the social base of today's urban political antagonism.

著者

青木 秀男

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.23, pp.57-73, 2005-09-05 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

永井 良和

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1998, no.16, pp.73-88, 1998-07-25 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

37

著者

林 浩一郎

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, no.28, pp.183-200, 2010 (Released:2011-12-20)

参考文献数

49

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Tama New Town was planned in 1965 and developed according to the New Residential Town Development Law, which forbids farming in the town area. Consequently, most farmers in Tama Hill bandoned farming . However, the dairy farmers in the No. 19 area (Hachioji, Tokyo) had continued to oppose the development. A number of factors favored the dairy farmers, who were dedicated to defending the use of their land. In particular, the agricultural production capacity and pride in the historic origin contributed to the success of the movement. Furthermore, in 1973, land acquisition in the No. 19 area was stopped due to the oil crisis. The dairy farmers' movement was supported by the Japanese Communist Party, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government labor union, various experts, and New Town residents' environmental movements. In 1983, the Ministry of Construction and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government exempted the dairy farmers' land from the planning area, guaranteeing that it would not be incorporated into the urbanization control area. In addition, builders agreed to an investigation by a team of experts who supported the dairy farmers' movement; the team proposed the rural-urban housing.    However, the 1983 decision to claim the dairy farmers' land was only the beginning of Nakasone's administrative reform. The outbreak of the oil crisis averted the compulsory purchase of the dairy farmers' land, and the Japanese government and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government faced a fiscal crisis and had to adopt policies based on economic rationalism. As a result, in 1986, the Housing and Urban Development Corporation carried out compulsory purchases of land that were being used for sericulture. A subsequent series of policies led to the end of the dairy farmers' protest movement, and the Housing and Urban Development Corporation purchased the land of conservative landowners in the No. 19 area. The purchases demolished the solidarity among the dairy farmers, sericulturists, regional planners, and the Tokyo Metropolitan Government labor union, who had intended to realize th rural-urban housing.

著者

下村 恭広

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.29, pp.77-92, 2011-09-07 (Released:2012-12-19)

参考文献数

23

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This paper attempts to clarify the characteristics of small independent retailers of second-hand clothing and examines the factors of its agglomeration in Tokyo. The number of second-hand clothing stores in Tokyo grew dramatically in the 1990s. The growth was accompanied by the spatial concentration in several commercial areas including Koenji, where many small young independent retailers opened shops. Grounded in research in Koenji, this article shows that the agglomeration formed thorough the interplay of the globalizing second hand market, formation of subcultural consumption, and the change of the social structure of the local business community.

著者

高木 恒一

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1999, no.17, pp.23-37, 1999-07-03 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

15

著者

上野 淳子

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, no.28, pp.201-217, 2010 (Released:2011-12-20)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper aims to examine the changing nature of the Japanese and Tokyo's political system, which have driven spatial reformation and resulted in socio-spatial polarization in Tokyo after the bubble economy burst.    By analyzing the policy changes, this paper reveals three points. Firstly, the destruction of inter-area redistribution system and the new market-oriented, urban development policy demonstrate the neoliberalizaion of Japanese “developmental state.” The government has reduced “inefficient” public investment in rural area and concentrated investment in Tokyo to promote large-scale development project by private firms. Though the Japanese government has still guided development, the political system became different from a “developmental state.”    Secondly, spatial reformation of Tokyo has been enabled through neoliberal reformation in other realm by Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG). TMG has placed top priority on spatial reformation to become a “Global City” at the expense of welfare, medical services and education.    Finally, fiscal crisis and fear of losing international status have urged the Japanese government and TMG for neoliberal reform. Tokyo's deteriorating competitiveness will continue to provide a further motive for exploring neoliberal strategies.

著者

高 鮮徽

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.12, pp.48-50, 1994 (Released:2011-02-07)

著者

田中 研之輔

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.29, pp.143-159, 2011-09-07 (Released:2012-12-19)

参考文献数

39

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Rethinking the methodology of the Chicago school of urban ethnography, this paper focuses on the research trends on the Berkeley school of contemporary urban ethnography. Berkeley school of the contemporary urban ethnography constructed five points of methodological renovation compared with the Chicago school. First, it develops the field method from single-case and single-place to single-case and multi-places [Sánchez-Jankowski, 1991 and 2008]. Furthermore, it proposes the multi-case method [Burawoy,2008] renovates the single case -multi-places method. Third, in Chicago school of urban ethnography, the duration of the field research go to from couples of years to few decades. Forth, epistemological and technical renovation that fieldworkers conduct the research style changes from the visit to the revisit. Fifth, it seeks to theoretically informed methodology. The role of theory in ethnography is not only to analyze the raw materials and to pretend to discover theory “grounded" in the field, but also to integrate the theoretical implications actively at every step in the construction of the object [Wacquant, 2002]. Finally, most importantly, it proposes the new dimensions of a reflexive model of science combined and reconstruct the positive science [Wacquant, 2002. and Burawoy, 2003].

著者

青木 秀男

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2005, no.23, pp.57-73, 2005

被引用文献数

1

著者

丸山 真央

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, no.28, pp.219-235, 2010 (Released:2011-12-20)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

1 1

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Since the late 1980s, many urban restructuring researchers interested in Tokyo have inquired impacts of economic globalization approached by world/global city hypothesis. This paper reviews these researches and clarifies research agenda for transformation of urban restructuring in Tokyo under the impact of neoliberal state reform in the late 1990s and 2000s. Some researchers, especially with Regulationist approach, have pointed out Tokyo's particularity of urban economic and social structure derived from the postwar Japanese “Toyotaist” regulatory regime and the Japanese “developmental” state, compared with New York and London under the North Atlantic Fordist regime and Keynesian welfare state. However, Japanese postwar regime and state have started changing since the crash of bubble economy and the economic turmoil in the “lost decade”. Company welfarism in Toyotaist regime has collapsed and the state apparatus in developmental state has experienced drastic restructuring in the late 1990s and 2000s. For understanding the urban restructuring of Tokyo under the impact of neoliberalism, we must capture the regime shift, state restructuring, and these effects to the economic and social structure of the city. Therefore, we focus attention on theoretical and methodological framework of “neoliberalizing city” researches by European and American urban scholars. This paper makes a point of the potential utility of this framework and discusses some points for the Japanese “neolibelarizing” urban restructuring.

著者

武田 真一郎

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.18, pp.35-50, 2000-07-08 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

5

著者

立山 徳子

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, no.29, pp.93-109, 2011-09-07 (Released:2012-12-19)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 1

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From the perspective of ‘family/community issues' and with an emphasis on the level of urbanization, this paper examines how families position themselves as ‘a family in a network' and recruit resources when they could not cope with childcare issues. The findings are as follows: 1) Depending on the area that includes inner-city, suburb and rural, there is a difference between the distribution of the network a mother possesses. 2) The location of the parents (especially their own parents) is related to the attainment of the mothers' own childcare networks. In relation to this, 3) among these areas, the attainment of resources for childcare networks was poor in suburban mothers. 4) Support from the husband also promotes social intercourse and attainment of childcare networks for the mother (wife). 5) Although support from husband and their own parents have an effect on reducing parenting related isolation of the mother. In general, 6) depending on the urbanization level of these areas, rural mothers attained strong childcare networks whereas suburban mothers attained weak childcare network. However, 7) suburban mothers seemed to actively use friends who are mothers as substitutes and tend to expect ‘childcare support' from them. Overall, 8) a structure in which a lack of intra-family childcare support is compensated by that of external-family cannot be found. It can be said that intra-family supports and external-family supports are in a positive correlation.

著者

渋谷 望

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2015, no.33, pp.5-20, 2015-09-05 (Released:2016-10-09)

参考文献数

21

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Gentrification is said to be the return of the middle class to the city. Neil Smith suggests, however, that gentrification is not to be seen simply as a “return” but also as a form of “class struggle.” This paper examines the process of gentrification and the antigentrification movement in the Lower East Side of New York City. It maintains that this struggle should be seen as a struggle over the urban commons and therefore as a contemporary manifestation of primitive accumulation. Considering (anti-)gentrification as a “class struggle” or as a value struggle in the context of the global city, it shows that gentrification is a necessarily unsettling and unstable process.

著者

金 善美

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.30, pp.43-58, 2013-09-01 (Released:2014-03-07)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2 2

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This paper aims to examine the role of Art in revitalizing city's run-down area. For this purpose, this paper draws upon empirical work in Mukoujima, known as former industrial zone and typical ‘Shitamachi' area of east Tokyo. Art movement in Mukoujima started at late 1990s. At the first time, it was experimental solution for abandoned houses and shops, mainly to reduce the risk of arson. However, the movement has continued for 10 years, bringing more and more young artists and trendy places for them. Up to now, Mukoujima gradually came to be known as “Hidden Art town in Tokyo's traditional area”. By analyzing the interaction of various actors, this paper reveals two points. Firstly, Experiencing decline and redevelopment at the same time, ‘revitalization of local' means vary from each actor. Therefore, art movement as revitalization strategy has always been placed in tension and conflict between actors. Secondly, positioning art movement within the context of urban change, you can see an opposite role of art in present stage: Consumption of space which reminiscent of gentrification, on the other hand, one form of diversifying local culture due to local change.

著者

玉野 和志

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1996, no.14, pp.75-91, 1996-06-22 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

町村 敬志

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2013, no.31, pp.5-20, 2013

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    Thirty years have passed since the establishment of Japan Association for Urban Sociology in 1982. Until that time, Japan had experienced huge migration from rural area to metropolitan region, as well as rapid economic growth. Urbanization and its impacts on social, economic, and political life caused many tensions and problems in expanding urban areas, which certainly required a new type of knowledge for understanding and solution from a structural point of view. Urban sociology as a way of thinking was one of such attempts to answer these questions. From its beginning, a variety of thoughts, such as Chicago School. Marxian tradition, and New Urban Sociology, went into this emerging discipline in Japan. As its result, urban sociology, as an intellectual arena, was always filled with controversies and tensions among different schools and scholars. In addition, since its institutional establishment, urban sociology has faced with a kind of "identity crisis," due to coming of post-urbanization situation. What is a research question specific for "urban" sociology in this highly-urbanized country? For instance, globalization was one of major factors which brought distinctive features to Japanese cities, but its impacts were actually mediated and transformed by more complex sets of global, national, regional, and local factors. This article tries to describe and evaluate historical development of this discipline in Japan since 1960s, which has always sought for key questions under ongoing changes in cities.

著者

浅川 達人

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.24, pp.57-71, 2006-09-15 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

八木 寛之

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.30, pp.77-92, 2013-09-01 (Released:2014-03-07)

参考文献数

18

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There is an increasing flowability of shops along the shopping street in the central part of the metropolis of Osaka. In this situation, the central objective of activation in the shopping street is to create a community centered on shop owners. This paper focuses on the shop ownersʼ social relationships through a case study of the shopping street “Shinsekai” in Osaka. Through analysis, we show the social conditions that caused the formation of this shopping street. The results demonstrate that the shop owners formed communities by forging links through diverse social relationships in the practice of activation in the shopping street. First, the shop owners practiced the activation by building personal relationships founded on community-based organization (shopping street organization and neighborhood associations). In the next stage, the established shop owners made concerted efforts to cooperate with newer shop owners, who raised capital externally, to create an attractive “regional image.” This paper presents the following significant findings: 1) We point out the importance of personal relationships among the shop owners to form a community through practices of activation in the shopping street. 2) We discovered that organic social relationships among shop owners provided the foundation for community-based organization.

著者

山下 祐介

出版者

日本都市社会学会

雑誌

日本都市社会学会年報 (ISSN:13414585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, no.24, pp.206-218, 2006-09-15 (Released:2011-02-07)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1