著者
林 誓雄
出版者
日本イギリス哲学会
雑誌
イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, pp.35-50, 2010-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

On Humeʼs account, the scope of the natural virtues(generosity or humanity) is limited to a personʼs family and friends(“narrow circle”). Elsewhere, however, Hume admits that the scope of the natural virtues extends beyond the “narrow circle” to strangers. How, then, does the scope of the natural virtues extend beyond the “narrow circle”? In this paper, I will inquire what expands the scope of the natural virtues, and argue that the scope of the natural virtues is expanded because not only of the principle of sympathy, but also of the “society” and “conversation” in which the humanity of a person is increased and cultivated.
著者
林 誓雄 ハヤシ セイユウ Hayashi Seiyu
出版者
熊本大学
雑誌
先端倫理研究 : 熊本大学倫理学研究室紀要 (ISSN:18807879)
巻号頁・発行日
no.12, pp.44-64, 2018-03

In my book (Virtue in rugs, 2015), I insisted that Hume's moral theory could be read as a kind of virtue ethics. But, that might be an insufficient interpretation, because, at that time, I didn't have the exact criterion or definition of virtue ethics, so it can be thought that Hume's theory is included not within "virtue ethics" but within "virtue theory". Which category should be Hume's theory included within? Or what kind of virtue ethics (theory) is Hume's theory? In this paper, I explore and consider the criterion or definition of virtue ethics in some (neo-Aristotelian) virtue ethics. In the course of it, I try to make it clear that it is important to shed light on the conception of virtue, in order to answer those questions.
著者
林 誓雄
出版者
日本哲学会
雑誌
哲学 (ISSN:03873358)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2012, no.63, pp.249-263_L14, 2012 (Released:2012-10-16)
参考文献数
16

Hume insists that the rules of justice are established by a convention, that is, ‘a general sense of common interest’, not by our ‘promise’ or ‘consent’ as the social contract theory advocates. Nonetheless, Hume's theory is sometimes regarded as a kind of social contract theory. Furthermore, Hume is often interpreted as a kind of utilitarian, since he says that utility is the chief foundation of justice. One of the reasons why such interpretations arise, in my view, is that Hume uses the words ‘interest’ or ‘utility’ very ambiguously in his arguments. Because of this ambiguous usage, it is difficult for us to understand clearly the specific contents of such phrases as ‘common interest’, ‘public interest’, and ‘public utility’. As the result, the readers of Hume's works are put into confusion. In this paper, I attempt to clarify what Hume means by these terms in order to resolve this problem. First, considering the relation of ‘common interest’ and ‘public interest’, I maintain that they are different kinds of interest. Second, I turn to consider what Hume means by ‘public interest’. In considering ‘public interest’, I draw attention to the distinction of societies which Hume makes: the distinction between a small society (such as the family) and a large one. Given this distinction, we will see that there are two kinds of ‘public interest’: one applicable to a small society and the other to a large one. Finally, I show that what Hume means by ‘public utility’ is not ‘public interest’ but ‘the common interest’ by which we human beings establish the rules of justice.