12 0 0 0 OA ジョン・ロックと困窮者の生存権
- 著者
- 渡邊 裕一
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, pp.43-58, 2015-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 22
In the Two Treatises of Government, Locke regards the right to charity as a natural right. This right allows a needy person to obtain from the surplus of a rich manʼs property the goods which are necessary for the preservation of his own life. The right to charity is a means to realizing the right of subsistence. Locke defines the right to charity as an imperfect right, or the kind of right which cannot be enforced. The idea of common charity, however, can be so utilized as to support the view that in case of necessity, political power could transfer goods from the rich to the poor.
10 0 0 0 OA 法哲学・法思想
- 著者
- 戒能 通弘 濱 真一郎
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.39, pp.121-127, 2016-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
10 0 0 0 OA 自然と人為の対立とその政治的含意
- 著者
- 藤田 祐
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.27, pp.39-54, 2004-03-20 (Released:2018-04-25)
In his ‘Evolution and Ethics’ T. H. Huxley formulates the antagonism between nature and art. In this formulation, human beings and society have in themselves both natural and artificial aspects, to which he attaches ambiguous values. This view is closely connected with his political argument in ‘The Struggle for Existence in Human Society’, which seeks the middle course between ‘Anarchic Individualism’ and ‘Regimental Socialism’. In his formulation, the antagonism between individualism and socialism is parallel to that between nature and art. It can be argued, therefore, that his middle-of-the-road politics is based on his ambiguous attitudes to nature and art.
9 0 0 0 OA ヒューム研究の現在
8 0 0 0 OA ハーバート・スペンサー生誕200周年
8 0 0 0 OA ロールズとシジウィック ―反照的均衡概念をめぐって―
- 著者
- 池田 誠
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, pp.31-44, 2014-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 38
John Rawls is famous for his Kantian conception of justice, and also well known for reviving the significance of Henry Sidgwick's ethical thought in contemporary ethics. Rawls praises Sidgwick partly because Sidgwick attempted to justify a Method of Ethics by appealing to its ʻreflective equilibriumʼ with our considered judgments. However, this interpretation of Sidgwick by Rawls has been criticized by some utilitarians such as Peter Singer. I argue that, against his wish, Singer rather supports Rawlsʼs interpretation of Sidgwick as a reflective-equilibrium-theorist. Furthermore, I defend Rawlsʼs reflective-equilibrium methodology by pointing out his conception of justification behind it and by showing Singerʼs inappropriate conception of objectivity in ethics.
- 著者
- 井上 弘貴
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.39, pp.19-34, 2016
<p>In his<i> Triumphant Democracy</i>(1886)Andrew Carnegie claimed that American people found something lacking for the original Britons in some races including the German and the French, while he celebrated the British as a basic material to create the American republic. But he came to put more great value on the Teutonic origin for both Britain and America to envision the idea of an Anglo-American reunion in his article, A Look Ahead(1893)which was the new concluding chapter in the revised edition of <i>Triumphant Democracy</i>. Carnegie changed his view again in 1905, the year following the Entente Cordiale between Britain and France. He seemed to take the concept of republic as an important one which could include the three nations, Britain, France, and America while he continued to keep the idea of Teutonic because he thought that it could unite Britain and America with Germany, the Teutonic Power in a peaceful union. In this paper I argue how Carnegie shifted the emphasis in his writing on the balance between the notion of republic and that of race.</p>
7 0 0 0 OA 義務の規範性と理由の規範性 ―J. ラズの排除的理由と義務についての議論の検討―
- 著者
- 安倍 里美
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.42, pp.15-32, 2019-03-20 (Released:2020-04-28)
- 参考文献数
- 17
This looks to examine how the relationship between obligation and reasons should be understood, on the assumption that normativity should be understood in terms of reasons. Though the analysis of obligation in terms of exclusionary reasons given by Joseph Raz fails as a reductive definition of duty in terms of reasons, it provides a significant suggestion. I argue that Raz's analysis can be modified by distinguishing between normativity and the framework of justification; and by doing this we can gain an outline of a non-reductive explanation of the concept of duty.
6 0 0 0 OA 書評
6 0 0 0 OA ロックの経験論のルーツ ―実験哲学から経験主義へ―
- 著者
- 青木 滋之
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.36, pp.29-42, 2013-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 21
It is widely agreed that the British empiricism originated with John Locke (1632-1704). As is well known among the scholars, although Locke developed his matured empirical epistemology in his philosophical masterpiece An Essay concerning Human Understanding (1690), the main tenets of his epistemology had already been in shape in the Draft A and Draft B of the Essay both written in 1671. Essays on the Law of Nature (1663-4) is also known to have been the starting point of his empirical epistemology. This paper examines these two origins of the Essay and concludes that his debt to the experimental philosophy was decisive for the orientation of the British empiricism.
6 0 0 0 OA アダム・スミス研究の現在
- 著者
- 野原 慎司
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.42, pp.111-119, 2019-03-20 (Released:2020-04-28)
- 参考文献数
- 39
5 0 0 0 OA ヘアの普遍化可能性原理の形式性について
- 著者
- 佐藤 岳詩
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.32, pp.57-73, 2009-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 23
It is widely admitted that moral judgments are universalizable, but whether this universalizability is formal or subjective is still in controversy. In this paper, I will investigate R.M.Hare’s argument for the formality of the universalizability. It is often said that his attempt fails because he derives a subjective moral conclusion like utilitarianism from that principle. However, Hare does not derive the moral conclusion from universalizability alone. Rather, what attaches morality to Hare’s utilitarianism is the concept of prescriptivity and rationality, not universalizability. In conclusion, I will vindicate Hare’s theory, but at the same time point out a problem of the normativity of rationality that is included in his theory.
5 0 0 0 OA バークリ研究の現在
- 著者
- 戸田 剛文
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.36, pp.103-107, 2013-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 11
4 0 0 0 OA 客観主義 、 合理主義 、 直観主義 ― もう一つの近代イギリス倫理思想史 ―
- 著者
- 柘植 尚則
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.45, pp.5-15, 2022-03-20 (Released:2023-12-22)
4 0 0 0 OA アイルランドの哲学・思想 ( 芸術・宗教・科学を含む )
- 著者
- 真船 えり
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, pp.69-84, 2012-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 36
Hume distinguishes two cases of personal identity in the Treatise, one with regard to ʻour thought or imaginationʼ and the other with regard to ʻour passions or the concern we take in ourselvesʼ. First, I consider Humeʼs concept of character from the perspectives of durability and revisability. I propose to interpret Humeʼs ʻcharacterʼ as the habit of particular ways of forming beliefs from these perspectives. Then I examine the reasoning from character to actions, and the relation between moral judgment and necessity in voluntary actions. Finally I present Humeʼs framework of the link between person and character evaluated in terms of reciprocal relationships in human life. Through this investigation, I show that Hume discusses, though implicitly, the second case of personal identity in terms of the concept of character in the three books of the Treatise.
4 0 0 0 OA 書評
4 0 0 0 OA ホッブズ『リヴァイアサン』における代表の構造
- 著者
- 和田 泰一
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, pp.93-107, 2014-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
- 参考文献数
- 37
The aim of this article is to formulate the purely semantic structure of representation treated in Hobbesʼs Leviathan. While the political covenant developed in The Elements of Law and De Cive is characterized by several features as the consent and unity for the purpose of achieving peace and safety, the exercise of the right of nature by the sovereign, and the performance of covenant by subjects, the theory of representation in Leviathan introduces new aspects as authorization, the sovereignʼs right of representing each one of a multitude, the ownership of all the actions of the sovereign by subjects, and serves to strengthen Hobbesʼ s claim. The structure of representation is founded on semantic union of signifiant and signifié, or représentant and représenté, of which the ensemble of a chain of representations is composed.
- 著者
- 山下 太郎
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, pp.57-70, 1989
3 0 0 0 OA ホッブズの「神の自然的王国」について ―ウォレンダー的解釈への批判―
- 著者
- 木島 泰三
- 出版者
- 日本イギリス哲学会
- 雑誌
- イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.22, pp.5-19, 1999-03-27 (Released:2018-04-25)
In 1957, Howard Warrender published an influential and controversial work, The Political Philosopy of Hobbes, which gives so-called “religionist interpretation” of Hobbes's “natural law” theory. We critically evaluate Warrender's claim that God plays an essential role in the foundation of Hobbes's rational/natural law theory. This examination mainly deals with chapter 31 of Leviathan, “of the Kingdom of God by Nature”, on which Warrender's claim is based. After having examined the Hobbesian topic in the chapter, “natural punishments”, we conclude that Warrender's “religionist interpretation” is unsustainable.