- 著者
-
田所 作太郎
栗原 久
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
- 雑誌
- 日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.95, no.5, pp.229-238, 1990 (Released:2007-02-20)
- 参考文献数
- 52
- 被引用文献数
-
24
25
It has been well-known that a chronic abuse of amphetamines induces schizophrenia-like psychotic symptoms, namely amphetamine psychosis. When amphetamines are repeatedly administered to rodents, a reverse tolerance (behavioral sensitization) to the ambulationincreasing and/or stereotypy-producing effect is observed. The process of the reverse tolerance is affected by various factors. A clear reverse tolerance is produced when optimal doses of the drug (2 mg/kg, s.c. for mice, and 0.5 ?? 1 mg/kg, s.c., for rats) is administered at intervals of longer than 1 day rather than a shorter interval. Furthermore, the animal has to be put into a freely mobile situation during the presence of the acute drug effect. A cross reverse tolerance is observed between certain types of drugs that show an ambulation-increasing effect, although the potencies are different among the drugs. A reverse tolerance to the stereotypy (in particular sniffing and head-bobbing)producing effect is also observed when comparatively higher doses of methamphetamine are repeatedly administered. The process is qualitatively identical with the reverse tolerance to the ambulation-increasing effect produced by the repeated administration of comparatively smaller doses. The reverse-tolerance, once established, to both ambulation-increasing and stereotypy-producing effects is almost irreversible even with various treatments such as repeated post-treatment with antipsychotics. The characteristics of reverse tolerance to methamphetamine in animals might be closely correlated to the amphetamine psychosis in humans. It is also necessary to search for a method that effectively reduces the established reverse tolerance to amphetamines.