著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.6, pp.917-936, 2015-12-25 (Released:2016-01-27)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2 2

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This study surveys pictures of Mt. Fuji in the following three categories: Japanese paintings, pictorial mountain-climbing guide maps, and panoramic maps. To date, art historians have conducted many studies on pictures of Mt. Fuji. However, there have been no studies that consider pictorial mountain-climbing guide maps and panoramic maps as “pictures” of the mountain. Certainly, this study's major contribution to research on Mt. Fuji is its comprehensive understanding of “picture.” More importantly, the fact that most art historians have ignored panoramic maps drawn by Yoshida Hatsusaburo, Kaneko Jyoko, and others in the first half of the twentieth century is a mistake. They did examine Ukiyoe prints by Katsushika Hokusai, Utagawa Hiroshige, and others from the nineteenth century; nevertheless, both these Ukiyoe prints and the panoramic maps drawn by Yoshida Hatsusaburo were forms of commercial art. Geographers dealt with panoramic maps, which have been examined by other geographers and map enthusiasts. From a geographical perspective, Mt. Fuji drawn as a panoramic map is a valuable research resource. In addition, by examining Japanese paintings and pictorial mountain-climbing guide maps, Mt. Fuji is recognized to be an awe-inspiring subject, as well as the one that can be revered. Furthermore, by examining of panoramic maps, it is demonstrated that Mt. Fuji was recognized to be an object of modern tourism.

著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

筑波大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

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明治期から昭和初期に作成された、厳島、和歌浦、天橋立、富士山、耶馬溪などの景勝地の鳥瞰図について、その現存状況を調査し、データベースを作成するとともに、作成主体、作成目的などの資料的検討を行った。それをふまえて、同地域の「案内記」や「写真帳」などの関連資料や、近世の絵画資料を参考にして、鳥瞰図に描かれた内容を分析し、表現された景観の特質を明らかにした。

著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.317-341, 1990-08-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1 1

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The typical small-scale farm management in Japan originated from the introduction of an intensive agricultural system in the 17th century by Kenchi. This system, however, was corrupted in the 19th century, and landlords with large arable estates and servants appeared. Although these landlords cultivated parts of their land at first, they gradually turned most cultivation over to the hands of sharecroppers in the 20th century.Many studies have been made about landlords in geography and other fields, because the landlords constituted an important class in Japanese agricultural society before World War II. These studies, however, mainly focused on large landlords who owned more than 10ha. Few studies have investigated smaller landlords who were also cultivators even in the 20th century. The class of these small landlords, which included many agricultural leaders called tokunou, played a very important part in Japanese agriculture and agricultral society from 1900 to 1960.This paper aims to identify the characteristics of farm management of the small landlord through farm size and labor organization from the late Meiji Era (1910) to the early Showa Era (the 1930s). The case farmer of this study is the Nakajima family in Awano in Yachiyo village, Ibaraki Prefecture.Nakajima was a large farmer who cultivated 2.8ha of land and rented a small land in the late Meiji Era (1910). After the middle Taisho Era (1920s), the land cultivated by the Nakajima family decreased to 1.5ha in 1929. Although it increased to 2ha in1935, it decreased again to 1.4ha during World War II.The change of land cultivated by Nakajima family was closely related to agricultural labor composition. In the late Meiji Era, the second daughter of Nakajima, who was older than the first son, married and her husband was received into the family. As a result, the Nakajima family formed a composite family with Nakajima, his first son, his second daughter and their spouses and children. They cultivated 2.8ha of land exclusively by family labor. However, the family became smaller in 1916, when the family of the second daughter moved out and started a branch family and their parent died. As the number of family workers decreased, the Nakajima family employed some servants in order to cultivate a large area. However, the rise of wages forced them to decrease the area of cultivated land during the 1920s. The land abandoned by the Nakajima family was rented to branch families, and Nakajima became the landlord of branch families. In the early Showa Era (the 1930s) family workers of the Nakajima family increased in number, because children had grown up. As a result, the Nakajima family could enlarge the cultivated land to some extent for such prosects as sericulture. However, the area of cultivated land of the Nakajima family did not reach the level of that in the Meiji Era because of the labor shortage. The family did not grow as before and laborers were difficult to hire from branch families.

著者

山根 拓 中西 僚太郎 岡島 建 河野 敬一 川崎 俊郎 天野 宏司 品田 光春

出版者

富山大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2005

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明治期から戦前期までの近代期のわが国における公権力が, どのように国土空間を認識していたのかという問題について, 研究代表者・分担者が各々の視角・アプローチから考察した。「公権力」の範疇には, 大久保利通や黒田清隆のような公権力者個人, 帝国議会や官僚集団のような権力的集合体, 地方権力者等, 多様なものが含まれる。それぞれが国土空間の各場所をいかに把捉し, 現実の政策にいかに関与したかが, 各時代に関して解明された。

著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

歴史地理学会

雑誌

歴史地理学 (ISSN:03887464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.p2-22, 1994-06

被引用文献数

1

著者

溝端 直人 西 僚太 大熊 菜央子 山野 晶夫 佐々木 英文 鈴木 俊明

出版者

関西理学療法学会

雑誌

関西理学療法 (ISSN:13469606)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.47-50, 2018 (Released:2018-12-20)

参考文献数

18

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To study the effect of motor imagery by recording the F-wave, which indicates spinal excitability, in patients with a history of falls because of decreased toe flexor strength. Thirty healthy subjects (22 men and 8 women, mean age: 22.9 ± 6.4 years) participated in this study. The F-wave was recorded with all the subjects in a resting state. The subjects were subsequently instructed to contract the left flexor hallucis brevis with maximum effort. After a 5-min rest period, they were asked to imagine the muscle contraction. F-waves were recorded at 0, 5, 10, and 15 min after completion of the motor imagery exercise. An increasing trend was observed in the persistence of the F/M amplitude ratio during imagery. Although the F/M amplitude ratio was not significantly different between the motor imagery and rest conditions, it was 3.0 ± 1.3% in the rest condition and 3.3 ± 1.4% in the motor imagery condition. The rate of F-wave appearance was not significantly different between the two conditions but showed an increasing trend in both conditions (86.4 ± 16.1% and 87.7 ± 13.4%, respectively). Application of motor imagery to contract the flexor hallucis brevis with maximum effort has potential for fall prevention as part of fall avoidance therapy.

著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理学会大会 研究発表要旨

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, pp.2, 2009

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近代の日本では,近世の絵図・地図作成を背景として,新たな意匠の絵図・地図が多数作成された。その代表例としては,大正・昭和初期の吉田初三郎とその門下による一群の鳥瞰図があげられるが,明治・大正期にはそれとは異なる意匠をもつ鳥瞰図が,市街地や温泉地,景勝地,社寺を対象に数多く作成された。それらは当初は銅版,後には石版印刷による対象の精緻な描写を特徴とする鳥瞰図であり,図の名称から「真景図」と総称することができる。本発表では,景勝地の「真景図」の事例として,主に松島と厳島を取り上げ,同時期の案内記や写真帖と比較しながら,刊行状況や作成主体,作成意図,図面構成,構図,描写内容などの資料的検討と考察を行う。その上で,「真景図」を活用した当時の景観(風景)研究や観光研究の可能性を探ってみたい。

著者

中西 僚太郎

出版者

人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理学会大会 研究発表要旨 2009年 人文地理学会大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2, 2009 (Released:2009-12-16)

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近代の日本では,近世の絵図・地図作成を背景として,新たな意匠の絵図・地図が多数作成された。その代表例としては,大正・昭和初期の吉田初三郎とその門下による一群の鳥瞰図があげられるが,明治・大正期にはそれとは異なる意匠をもつ鳥瞰図が,市街地や温泉地,景勝地,社寺を対象に数多く作成された。それらは当初は銅版,後には石版印刷による対象の精緻な描写を特徴とする鳥瞰図であり,図の名称から「真景図」と総称することができる。本発表では,景勝地の「真景図」の事例として,主に松島と厳島を取り上げ,同時期の案内記や写真帖と比較しながら,刊行状況や作成主体,作成意図,図面構成,構図,描写内容などの資料的検討と考察を行う。その上で,「真景図」を活用した当時の景観(風景)研究や観光研究の可能性を探ってみたい。