著者

Susumu Yoshizawa Tomonori Azuma Keiichi Kojima Keisuke Inomura Masumi Hasegawa Yosuke Nishimura Masuzu Kikuchi Gabrielle Armin Yuya Tsukamoto Hideaki Miyashita Kentaro Ifuku Takashi Yamano Adrian Marchetti Hideya Fukuzawa Yuki Sudo Ryoma Kamikawa

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.ME23015, 2023 (Released:2023-06-20)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

4

---

Diatoms are a major phytoplankton group responsible for approximately 20% of carbon fixation on Earth. They perform photosynthesis using light-harvesting chlo­rophylls located in plastids, an organelle obtained through eukaryote-eukaryote endosymbiosis. Microbial rhodopsin, a photoreceptor distinct from chlo­rophyll-based photosystems, was recently identified in some diatoms. However, the physiological function of diatom rhodopsin remains unclear. Heterologous expression techniques were herein used to investigate the protein function and subcellular localization of diatom rhodopsin. We demonstrated that diatom rhodopsin acts as a light-driven proton pump and localizes primarily to the outermost membrane of four membrane-bound complex plastids. Using model simulations, we also examined the effects of pH changes inside the plastid due to rhodopsin-mediated proton transport on photosynthesis. The results obtained suggested the involvement of rhodopsin-mediated local pH changes in a photosynthetic CO2-concentrating mechanism in rhodopsin-possessing diatoms.

著者

Alfonsus Adrian Hadikusumo Takako Utsumi Mochamad Amin Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa Anittaqwa Istimagfirah Rury Mega Wahyuni Maria Inge Lusida Soetjipto Edhi Rianto Juniastuti Yoshitake Hayashi

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.6, pp.493-499, 2016 (Released:2016-11-22)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

8

---

Transgender people are at a high risk for sexually transmitted viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, Indonesia has a moderate-to-high rate of HBV infection and rapid epidemic growth of HIV infection; hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can co-occur with HBV and HIV infections. In this study, 10 of 107 individuals (9.3%) were positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and/or HBV DNA, whereas 19 of 101 individuals (18.8%) with negative results for HBsAg were positive for HBV core antibody (anti-HBc). Seven of the 107 individuals (6.5%) were anti-HCV positive, and 16 of the 100 tested samples (16.0%) were HIV positive. Genotype and subtype analyses of all 10 HBV DNA (6 HBsAg positive and 4 anti-HBc positive) strains showed that 3 were of the HBV genotype/HBsAg subtype C/adrq+, one was of C/adw2, and 5 were of B/adw2. The HCV subtype distribution showed that 33.3% were of HCV-1b, and 66.7% were of HCV-3k (n = 6). These distributions differed from those found in the general population of Surabaya, Indonesia. Interestingly, HIV subtype analysis showed a high prevalence of HIV, with possible recombinants of CRF01_AE and subtype B.

著者

LOWE David J. PITTARI Adrian

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.130, no.1, pp.117-141, 2021-02-25 (Released:2021-03-18)

参考文献数

122

被引用文献数

2 7

---

西暦232 ± 10年の晩夏にニュージーランド北島タウポ火山で起こった噴火は,過去5,000年間において地球上で起こった噴火のなかでもっとも強力なものであった。噴火は数日から数週間継続し,5つの明確な降下火砕堆積物(ユニットY1~Y5)に続いて,非常に爆発的な噴火による低アスペクト比イグニンブライト(ユニットY6)が堆積した。降下火砕堆積物の内,ユニットY1,Y3およびY4は水蒸気プリニー式噴火によって形成され,Y2とY5はプリニー式噴火であった。Y5とY6は一連の噴火で形成され,非常に強いY5噴火による噴煙柱は高度35-40 kmに達し,それが崩壊することによって非常に高速(600-900 km/h)で高温(最高500°C)の火砕密度流が発生し,ユニットY6が堆積した。このイベントによる堆積物は噴火後十数分で北島中央部の約20,000 km2に及ぶ範囲を覆い尽したと考えられる。また一連の噴火によるマグマ噴出量は約35 km3と見積もられている。この噴火による周辺環境への影響は甚大であり,現代においても農業などの土地利用において火山ガラスを多く含み,コバルトなどの微量元素に枯渇した土壌への対策が必要となっている。

著者

内川 勇太 菊池 雄太 鶴島 博和 ポペスク エイドリアン ネイスミス ローリー デイ ウィリアム デンツェル マルクス ウチカワ ユウタ キクチ ユウタ ツルシマ ヒロカズ ポペスク エイドリアン ネイスミス ローリー デイ ウィリアム デンツェル マルクス Yuta Uchikawa Yuta Kikuchi Hirokazu Tsurushima Adrian Popescu Rory Naismith William Day Markus Denzel

雑誌

立教經濟學研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.143-191, 2018-03

著者

Alfonsus Adrian Hadikusumo Takako Utsumi Mochamad Amin Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa Anittaqwa Istimagfirah Rury Mega Wahyuni Maria Inge Lusida Soetjipto Edhi Rianto Juniastuti Yoshitake Hayashi

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2015.384, (Released:2016-03-18)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

8

---

Transgender people are at high risk of sexually transmitted viruses such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Moreover, Indonesia has a moderate to high rate of HBV infection and a rapid epidemic growth of HIV. Because hepatitis C virus (HCV) can co-occur with HBV and HIV, it was also evaluated in this study. Ten of 107 individuals (9.3%) were Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and/or HBV DNA positive, whereas nineteen of 101 individuals (18.8%) with negative HBsAg were Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc)-positive. Seven of 107 individuals (6.5%) were anti-HCV positive, and sixteen of 100 tested samples (16%) were HIV positive. Genotype and subtype analyses of all ten HBV DNA (six HBsAg positive and four anti-HBc positive) strains showed that three were HBV genotype/HBsAg subtype C/adrq+, one was C/adw2, and five were B/adw2. The HCV subtype distribution showed that 33.3% were HCV-1b, and 66.7% were HCV-3k (n=6). These distributions differed from those found in the general population of Surabaya, Indonesia. The HIV subtype analysis showed that, interestingly, a high prevalence of HIV, with possible recombinants of CRF01_AE and subtype B, were found.

著者

Gertraud Maskarinec Phyllis Raquinio Bruce S. Kristal Adrian A. Franke Steven D. Buchthal Thomas M. Ernst Kristine R. Monroe John A. Shepherd Yurii B. Shvetsov Loïc Le Marchand Unhee Lim

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.7, pp.314-322, 2022-07-05 (Released:2022-07-05)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1 7

---

Background: As the proportion of visceral (VAT) to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) may contribute to type 2 diabetes (T2D) development, we examined this relation in a cross-sectional design within the Multiethnic Cohort that includes Japanese Americans known to have high VAT. The aim was to understand how ectopic fat accumulation differs by glycemic status across ethnic groups with disparate rates of obesity, T2D, and propensity to accumulate VAT.Methods: In 2013–2016, 1,746 participants aged 69.2 (standard deviation, 2.7) years from five ethnic groups completed questionnaires, blood collections, and whole-body dual X-ray absorptiometry and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging scans. Participants with self-reported T2D and/or medication were classified as T2D, those with fasting glucose >125 and 100–125 mg/dL as undiagnosed cases (UT2D) and prediabetes (PT2D), respectively. Using linear regression, we estimated adjusted means of adiposity measures by T2D status.Results: Overall, 315 (18%) participants were classified as T2D, 158 (9%) as UT2D, 518 (30%) as PT2D, and 755 (43%) as normoglycemic (NG), with significant ethnic differences (P < 0.0001). In fully adjusted models, VAT, VAT/SAT, and percent liver fat increased significantly from NG, PT2D, UT2D, to T2D (P < 0.001). Across ethnic groups, the VAT/SAT ratio was lowest for NG participants and highest for T2D cases. Positive trends were observed in all groups except African Americans, with highest VAT/SAT in Japanese Americans.Conclusion: These findings indicate that VAT plays an important role in T2D etiology, in particular among Japanese Americans with high levels of ectopic adipose tissue, which drives the development of T2D to a greater degree than in other ethnic groups.

著者

Adrian Gully

出版者

Edinburgh University Press

巻号頁・発行日

2008

著者

Nicholas WS Chew Ching-Hui Sia Hwee-Lin Wee Loh Jia-Da Benedict Saurabh Rastogi Pipin Kojodjojo Wei Ping Daniel Chor Benjamin Sieu-Hon Leong Brandon Chi-Ping Koh Howen Tam Lit-Sin Quek Winnie CH Sia Kalyar Win Saw Benjamin Wei-Liang Tung Zan Zhe-Yan Ng Anand Ambhore Edgar Lik-Wui Tay Koo-Hui Chan Chi-Hang Lee Joshua Ping-Yun Loh Adrian Fatt-Hoe Low Mark Yan-Yee Chan Tiong-Cheng Yeo Huay-Cheem Tan Poay-Huan Loh

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-20-0800, (Released:2020-11-07)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

45

---

Background:Little is known about the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the outbreak response measures on door-to-balloon time (D2B). This study examined both D2B and clinical outcomes of patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).Methods and Results:This was a retrospective study of 303 STEMI patients who presented directly or were transferred to a tertiary hospital in Singapore for PPCI from October 2019 to March 2020. We compared the clinical outcomes of patients admitted before (BOR) and during (DOR) the COVID-19 outbreak response. The study outcomes were in-hospital death, D2B, cardiogenic shock and 30-day readmission. For direct presentations, fewer patients in the DOR group achieved D2B time <90 min compared with the BOR group (71.4% vs. 80.9%, P=0.042). This was more apparent after exclusion of non-system delay cases (DOR 81.6% vs. BOR 95.9%, P=0.006). Prevalence of both out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (9.5% vs. 1.9%, P=0.003) and acute mitral regurgitation (31.6% vs. 17.5%, P=0.006) was higher in the DOR group. Mortality was similar between groups. Multivariable regression showed that longer D2B time was an independent predictor of death (odds ratio 1.005, 95% confidence interval 1.000–1.011, P=0.029).Conclusions:The COVID-19 pandemic and the outbreak response have had an adverse effect on PPCI service efficiency. The study reinforces the need to focus efforts on shortening D2B time, while maintaining infection control measures.

著者

Brent Sherwood Adrian Ponce Michael Waltemathe

出版者

日本地球惑星科学連合

雑誌

JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017

巻号頁・発行日

2017-03-10

---

Introduction: Planetary-protection requirements for exploring solar system ocean worlds rest on a key value: limiting to one in ten thousand the probability that a single viable Earth organism will enter an alien liquid water reservoir [1]. Enforceable under international treaty, the 10-4 forward-contamination requirement governs missions by NASA, JAXA, and ESA. Its relevance increases as these international partners focus on places “with real water” far out in the solar system, where life unrelated to Earth life may have arisen. So it is important to understand the origin of this key requirement, and periodically to revisit the assumptions behind it. Even NASA anticipates that “these requirements will be refined in future years” [2].The 10-4 requirement traces to the 1940s in the US [1, 3]. Many changes in the intervening half-century justify revisiting the requirement’s rationale: 1) vastly improved technology for assaying biomolecules and organisms; 2) expansion of the definition of self-replicating organisms; 3) expansion of the environmental ranges known to be habitable; 4) deeper understanding of how multi-cellular communities behave differently from single organisms; 5) expansion of the habitable exploration target list to include several icy moons containing vast liquid-water oceans; and 6) a sociological and international context for setting policy quite evolved since the mid-20th century.The 10-4 requirement may still be appropriate for today’s exploration of places that meet textbook criteria for being habitable. But the requirement might be either technically or socio-culturally outdated, or both. Without validation by an explicit conversation among a broad, international cross-section of stakeholders, mission plans by any nation could be severely disrupted downstream. If the requirement should be modified by international consensus, starting this process now would be advisable.Pedigree and evolution of the 10-4 requirement: We describe the rationale for the current requirement: its source; quantification drivers in the original debate; how it was determined to be appropriate for humanity’s first contact with Mars in particular and habitable alien environments in general; and its verifiability. We lay out the rationale for reconsidering it now, including how it has been handed down, and its validity given a prospect not envisioned in the 1970s: multiple, vast, interior salt-water oceans, with seafloor hydrothermal activity and organic chemistry.Viability of life: Many fields affecting our understanding of how life might take hold in ocean-world environments have emerged since the Viking era: 1) biology of extremophiles; 2) detailed scenarios for the origin of life; 3) replication of non-life macromolecules including retroviruses and prions; 4) rapid evolution for survivability as environmental conditions change; and 5) how communities of microorganisms maintain local habitability. This new knowledge affect quantification of survival and replication probabilities.Planning for low-probability, high-consequence events: We analyze limitations in how humans rationalize events with low probability but high consequence; how systematic human perception biases can be compensated; and how perceptions of risk are normalized and acculturated. We compare the current requirement to other risks in the range from 10-2 to 10-10. We assess how decision responsibility might be distributed across stakeholders, and what voice planetary scientists can have.Ethical basis for contaminating an alien ecosystem: We frame the low risk of contaminating an off-world ecology as one of many techno-ethical decisions facing humanity today, that must weigh consequences, compare ethical values, and accept uncertainty based on the comparison. The 10-4 requirement may not deserve automatic perpetuation. What status should it have within an international, ethical decision-making process? We contrast a meta-ethical discussion about absolute values with reliance on an arbitrary number governing the absolute necessity of preserving scientific discovery or protecting alien life. We describe how can an enlightened understanding and evolving consensus can flow down into governing policy.References: [1] Melzer, M., When Biospheres Collide: A History of NASA’s Planetary Protection Programs, 2011, NASA, Washington DC, p.78-84. [2] Conley, C. Planetary Protection for Icy Moons: Update to the 2012 SSB Europa Report, cited 2017, 1/8/2017, https://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/missiondesign/. [3] Werber, M., Objectives and Models of the Planetary Quarantine Program, 1975, NASA, Washington DC, p. 9-11.

著者

Adrian Shaughnessy

出版者

Unit Editions

巻号頁・発行日

2012

著者

内川 勇太 菊池 雄太 鶴島 博和 ポペスク エイドリアン ネイスミス ローリー デイ ウィリアム デンツェル マルクス ウチカワ ユウタ キクチ ユウタ ツルシマ ヒロカズ ポペスク エイドリアン ネイスミス ローリー デイ ウィリアム デンツェル マルクス Yuta Uchikawa Yuta Kikuchi Hirokazu Tsurushima Adrian Popescu Rory Naismith William Day Markus Denzel

雑誌

立教經濟學研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.143-191, 2018-03

著者

Adrian Boot Vivien Goldman

出版者

Hutchunson

巻号頁・発行日

1981

著者

Gertraud Maskarinec Phyllis Raquinio Bruce S. Kristal Adrian A. Franke Steven D. Buchthal Thomas M. Ernst Kristine R. Monroe John A. Shepherd Yurii B. Shvetsov Loïc Le Marchand Unhee Lim

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20200538, (Released:2021-02-27)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

7

---

Aims. As the proportion of visceral (VAT) to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) may contribute to type 2 diabetes (T2D) development, we examined this relation in a cross-sectional design within the Multiethnic Cohort that includes Japanese Americans known to have high VAT. The aim was to understand how ectopic fat accumulation differs by glycemic status across ethnic groups with disparate rates of obesity, T2D, and propensity to accumulate VAT.Methods. In 2013-16, 1,746 participants aged 69.2 (2.7) years from five ethnic groups completed questionnaires, blood collections, and whole-body DXA and abdominal MRI scans. Participants with self-reported T2D and/or medication were classified as T2D, those with fasting glucose >125 and 100-125 mg/dL as undiagnosed cases (UT2D) and prediabetes (PT2D), respectively. Using linear regression, we estimated adjusted means of adiposity measures by T2D status.Results. Overall, 315 (18%) participants were classified as T2D, 158 (9%) as UT2D, 518 (30%) as PT2D, and 755 (43%) as normoglycemic (NG) with significant ethnic differences (p<0.0001). In fully adjusted models, VAT, VAT/SAT, and percent liver fat increased significantly from NG, PT2D, UT2D, to T2D (p<0.001). Across ethnic groups, the VAT/SAT ratio was lowest for NG participants and highest for T2D cases. Positive trends were observed in all groups except African Americans, with highest VAT/SAT in Japanese Americans.Conclusions. These findings indicate that VAT plays an important role in T2D etiology, in particular among Japanese Americans with high levels of ectopic adipose tissue, which drives the development of T2D to a greater degree than in other ethnic groups.

著者

Adrian ARENDOWSKI Krzysztof OSSOLIŃSKI Joanna NIZIOL Tomasz RUMAN

出版者

The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry

雑誌

Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.12, pp.1521-1527, 2020-12-10 (Released:2020-12-10)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

13

---

Renal cell carcinoma is a very aggressive and often fatal disease for which there are no specific biomarkers found to date. The purpose of this work was to find features that differentiate urine metabolic profiles of healthy people and cancer patients. Laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry on gold nanostructures-based techniques were used for the metabolic analysis of urine of 50 patients with kidney cancer. Comparison with data from 50 healthy volunteers led to the discovery of several compounds that may be considered potential renal cell carcinoma (RCC) biomarkers. Statistical analysis of data allowed for the discovery of m/z values that had the greatest impact on group differentiation. A database search enabled the assignment of signals for the most promising 15 features among them: serine, heptanol, 3-methylene-indolenine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-5-formylpyridine-4-carboxylate, phosphodimethylethanolamine, 4-methoxyphenylacetic acid, N-acetylglutamine, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylvaleric acid, hydroxyhexanoylglycine, valyl-leucine, leucyl-histidine, oleamide, 9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, stearidonyl carnitine and squalene. Differences of metabolite profiles of human urine could be identified by gold nanoparticle-enhanced target (AuNPET) LDI MS method and used for the detection of renal cancer.

著者

Adrian ARENDOWSKI Krzysztof OSSOLINSKI Joanna NIZIOL Tomasz RUMAN

出版者

The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry

雑誌

Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20P226, (Released:2020-08-21)

被引用文献数

13

著者

Adrian Wallwork

出版者

Springer

巻号頁・発行日

2016

著者

Jose Ma. M ANGELES Yasuyuki GOTO Masashi KIRINOKI Lydia R LEONARDO Kharleezelle J MOENDEG Adrian P YBAÑEZ Pilarita T RIVERA Elena A VILLACORTE Noboru INOUE Yuichi CHIGUSA Shin-ichiro KAWAZU

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0126, (Released:2019-08-06)

被引用文献数

6

---

Humans and dogs live very close together and share various pathogens causing zoonotic parasitoses like schistosomiasis. A previous population genetics study done for schistosomes in the Philippines suggested that there is a high transmission level of Schistosoma japonicum among humans and dogs proving that the latter are important reservoirs for this zoonotic parasite. A more sensitive and specific test detecting schistosome infection in dogs will therefore strengthen the zoonotic surveillance, which might help in the possible elimination of this ancient disease. In this study, recombinant thioredoxin peroxidase-1 (SjTPx-1) and tandem repeat proteins (Sj1TR, Sj2TR, Sj4TR, Sj7TR) previously tested on human and water buffalo samples were used to assess its diagnostic applicability to dogs. Fifty-nine dog serum and stool samples were collected in the schistosomiasis-endemic municipalities of Calatrava, Negros Occidental and Catarman, Northern Samar in the Philippines and examined using the ELISA as compared to microscopy and fecal sample-based PCR. Samples positive for Babesia gibsoni and Dirofilaria immitis were also used to check for cross-reaction. Results showed that SjTPx-1 (80% sensitivity, 92.3% specificity) and Sj7TR (73.3% sensitivity, 92.3% specificity) have good potentials for diagnosing S. japonicum infection in dogs. These diagnostic antigens will therefore improve the surveillance in the transmission of the parasites from dogs to humans.

著者

Adrian

出版者

社団法人 可視化情報学会

雑誌

可視化情報学会誌 (ISSN:09164731)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.Supplement1, pp.Plate21-Plate21, 1997-07-01 (Released:2009-07-31)

著者

Takeshi YOSHINARI Thillaiampalam SIVAKUMAR Masahito ASADA Badgar BATTSETSEG Xiaohong HUANG Dinh Thi Bich LAN Tawin INPANKAEW Adrian P. YBAÑEZ Andy ALHASSAN Oriel M. M. THEKISOE Alan Caine Costa DE MACEDO Hisashi INOKUMA Ikuo IGARASHI Naoaki YOKOYAMA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.211-214, 2013 (Released:2013-03-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

6 21

---

Babesia ovata is a tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan parasite that infects cattle. In our study, bovine blood samples (n=2,034) were collected from 10 different countries (Brazil, China, Ghana, Japan, Mongolia, the Philippines, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam) and DNA extracted. The DNA samples were screened using an established and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) gene. Parasite DNA was detected among samples collected from Japan, Mongolia and Thailand. Sequence analyses confirmed that the PCR assay detected only B. ovata AMA-1, and that amplicons from different geographical locations were conserved. Our findings highlight the importance of designing adequate strategies to control B. ovata infection in Japan, Mongolia, and Thailand.

著者

Adrian Patalinghug YBAÑEZ Rochelle Haidee D. YBAÑEZ Florencia G. CLAVERIA Mary Jane CRUZ-FLORES Xuen XUENAN Naoaki YOKOYAMA Hisashi INOKUMA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0405, (Released:2014-04-09)

被引用文献数

4 23

---

A total of 658 cattle in 6 provinces in the Philippines were screened for Anaplasma marginale infection by using a diagnostic heat-shock operon (groEL) gene-PCR assay. The screening-positive samples were further tested using the major surface antigen protein 1a (Msp1a) gene-PCR assay. Screening PCR results showed 130 cattle (19.8%) were positive for the A. marginale infection. Subsequent amplification using the Msp1a gene only showed 93 samples (14.1%) to be positive. In addition, 37 tandem-repeat structures, including 20 novel structures, and 41 distinct genotypes were identified. Interestingly, multiple infections of 4 different genotypes were also observed in A. marginale-infected cattle. The present study demonstrated the prevalence and characterization of diverse genotypes of A. marginale in the Philippine cattle.