著者
Isabelle Savoye Catherine M Olsen David C Whiteman Anne Bijon Lucien Wald Laureen Dartois Françoise Clavel-Chapelon Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault Marina Kvaskoff
出版者
Japan Epidemiological Association
雑誌
Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.1, pp.27-33, 2018-01-05 (Released:2018-01-05)
参考文献数
52
被引用文献数
1 86

Background: While ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is a recognized risk factor for skin cancer, associations are complex and few studies have allowed a direct comparison of exposure profiles associated with cutaneous melanoma, basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) within a single population.Methods: We examined associations between UV exposures and skin cancer risk in a nested case-control study within E3N, a prospective cohort of 98,995 French women born in 1925–1950. In 2008, a lifetime UV exposure questionnaire was sent to all reported skin cancer cases and three controls per case, which were matched on age, county of birth, and education. Analyses were performed using conditional logistic regression and included 366 melanoma cases, 1,027 BCC cases, 165 SCC cases, and 3,647 controls.Results: A history of severe sunburns <25 years was associated with increased risks of all skin cancers (melanoma: OR 2.7; BCC: OR 1.7; SCC: OR 2.0 for ≥6 sunburns vs. none), while sunburns ≥25 years were associated with BCC and SCC only. While high-sun protection factor sunscreen use before age 25 was associated with lower BCC risk (Ptrend = 0.02), use since age 25 and reapplication of sunscreen were associated with higher risks of all three types of skin cancer. There were positive linear associations between total UV score and risks of BCC (Ptrend = 0.01) and SCC (Ptrend = 0.09), but not melanoma. While recreational UV score was strongly associated with BCC, total and residential UV scores were more strongly associated with SCC.Conclusions: Melanoma, BCC, and SCC are associated with different sun exposure profiles in women.
著者
Takakazu Matsuura Izumi C. Mori Eiko Himi Takashi Hirayama
出版者
日本育種学会
雑誌
Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.4, pp.601-610, 2019 (Released:2019-12-25)
参考文献数
48
被引用文献数
15

This study examined contents of nine plant hormones in developing seeds of field-grown wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) with different seed dormancy using liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry. The varieties showed marked diversity in germination indices at 15°C and 20°C. Contents of the respective hormones in seeds showed a characteristic pattern during seed maturation from 30-day post anthesis to 60-day post anthesis. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that plant hormone profiles were not correlated with dormancy levels, indicating that hormone contents were not associated with preharvest sprouting (PHS) susceptibility. Indole acetic acid (IAA) contents of mature seeds showed positive correlation with the germination index, but no other hormone. Response of embryo-half seeds to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) indicates that ABA sensitivity is correlated with whole-seed germinability, which can be explained in part by genotypes of MOTHER OF FT AND TFL (MFT) allele modulating ABA signaling of wheat seeds. These results demonstrate that variation in wheat seed dormancy is attributable to ABA sensitivity of mature seeds, but not to ABA contents in developing seeds.
著者
Yu-Hsin CHANG Megumi C. KATOH Ahmed M. ABDELLATIF Guli XIAFUKAITI Abdelaziz ELZEFTAWY Masami OJIMA Seiya MIZUNO Akihiro KUNO Satoru TAKAHASHI
出版者
Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science
雑誌
Experimental Animals (ISSN:13411357)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.19-0105, (Released:2019-12-02)
被引用文献数
1

Cre/loxP is a site-specific recombination system extensively used to enable the conditional deletion or activation of target genes in a spatial- and/or temporal-specific manner. A number of pancreatic-specific Cre driver mouse lines have been broadly established for studying the development, function and pathology of pancreatic cells. However, only a few models are currently available for glucagon-producing α-cells. Disagreement exists over the role of the MAFB transcription factor in glucagon expression during postnatal life, which might be due to the lack of α-cell-specific Cre driver mice. In the present study, we established a novel Gcg-Cre knock-in mouse line with the Cre transgene expressed under the control of the preproglucagon (Gcg) promoter without disrupting the endogenous Gcg gene expression. Then, we applied this newly developed Gcg-Cre mouse line to generate a new α-cell-specific Mafb conditional knockout mouse model (MafbΔGcg). Not only α-cell number but also glucagon production were significantly decreased in MafbΔGcg mice compared to control littermates, suggesting an indispensable role of MAFB in both α-cell development and function. Taken together, our newly developed Gcg-Cre mouse line, which was successfully utilized to uncover the role of MAFB in α-cells, is a useful tool for genetic manipulation in pancreatic α-cells, providing a new platform for future studies in this field.
著者
藤原 健蔵 シャルマ R.C.
出版者
広島大学総合地誌研究資料センター
雑誌
地誌研年報 (ISSN:09155449)
巻号頁・発行日
no.2, pp.1-30, 1992-03

<特集> インド干ばつ常習地域の村落変化
著者
坪川 涼子 ウィラン リチャード C. 奥谷 喬司
出版者
日本貝類学会
雑誌
貝類学雑誌 (ISSN:00423580)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.4, pp.249-263, 1992

従来日本産Pleurobranchaea属としてはウミフクロウにP. novaezealandiae Cheeseman 1878が, ツノウミフクロウにP. sp.の学名があてられていたが, それらの学名について検討した結果, 前者にはP. japonica Thiele, 1925, 後者にはP. brockii Bergh, 1897の学名をあてるのが最も適当であることがわかった。ウミフクロウに以前にあてられていた学名P. novaezealandiaeは, 現在ではP. maculataとシノニムとされている。P. japonicaは神戸産の標本をもとに記載されたが, 腹足, 背楯, 歯舌, 顎板などの形態のみの不十分な記載であったために, P. maculataとシノニムである可能性が疑われていた。本研究によりP. japonicaはP. novaezealandiae=P. maculataとは外部生殖器官の位置や形態, 腹足腹面の色, 幼生の殻の形態と浮遊期間に明瞭な相違があるため, 独立の別種であることがわかった。ツノウミフクロウについては, Baba (1949, 1969)によりPleurobranchaea sp.として記録されていたが, 本研究で腹足背面の突起, 頭膜前縁の小突起の列, 内部及び外部生殖器官の特徴により従来インドネシア海域とアフリカ東岸から知られていたP. brockiiであると結論された。
著者
Douglas R. Cary 大内 政輝 Patrick C. Reid 舛屋 圭一
出版者
The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan
雑誌
有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.11, pp.1171-1178, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-11-09)
参考文献数
51
被引用文献数
34

Constrained peptides, namely macrocyclic and stapled peptides, are receiving increasing attention as a promising class of compounds for the inhibition of protein-protein interactions (PPI). The current state of peptide therapeutics is discussed, including their merits and challenges, as well as recent technological developments that have enabled a new era in peptide research and development. The technology behind PeptiDream’s Peptide Discovery Platform System (PDPS) is described, showing how it can be used to rapidly generate libraries of constrained peptides and obtain detailed SAR information. This technology can provide, with a high rate of success, potent peptide ligands that may be developed as drug candidates themselves, utilized in peptide-drug conjugates (PDC), or converted into small molecule drug leads. The outlook for the field of constrained peptides and their use in the clinic is also described.