著者
沼野 藤夫 GRANDOS Juli PARK Y.B HOFFMAN Gray REYESーLOPEZ ペドロエー ROSENTHAL Ta ARNETT Frank MECHRA N.K. SHARMA B.K. PREEYACHIL C SUWANWELA Ni 角田 恒和 能勢 真人 松原 修 木村 彰方 長沢 俊彦 西村 泰治 CHARAOENWONGSE P. REYES-ROPEZ P.A. GRANDOSE J. PEDRO A Reye FRANK C Arne YACOV Itzcha N.K Mehra B.K Sharma NITAYA Suwan Y.B Park
出版者
東京医科歯科大学
雑誌
国際学術研究
巻号頁・発行日
1994

高安動脈炎は非特異性血管炎であり、その成因は不明で、我国では難病の1つに指定されている。長年の研究の結果、この血管炎の発生に自己免疫機序の関与が示唆されるが、まだ十分解明されるまでには至っていない。本症は、臨床的にもいくつかの特徴が明らかにされており、(1)若年女性に多発し、(2)アジア諸国に多く、欧米に少ない種属差が知られている。我々は、本症の成因に遺伝要因の関与を想定し、現在までにHLA A24-B52-DR2のhaplotypeが本症患者に有意に高い頻度で出現していることを確認し、この事実がアジア諸国に多発する本症の謎と解きあかす鍵と考えられた。なぜならばB52の高い出現頻度を示しアジア諸国、アメリカインディアン、南米と本症の多発地域とが一致するからである。その後の検索で南米、韓国、インド等に於いても、本症患者にB-5 or B-52が有意に高い頻度を示すことが明らかにされてきている。そこで本症の病態につき国際研究を開始したが、この国際比較に於いていくつかの新しい事態が明らかにされた。その1つは、各国によって男女比が異なることである。我国では、女性が圧倒的に多い事実に対して西方にゆくに従って、その比率が減少し、イスラエル、トルコでほぼ6:4の割合までにゆくことである。もう1つは種属によりその臨床病態が異なり、我国では上行大動脈より大動脈弓部にかけての病変が多いのに対し、インド、タイ、南米(メキシコ、ペル-)ではむしろ腹部大動脈に病変が多いという差が明らかにされた。特にインド等では腹部大動脈に限局した患者もかなり認められた。このことから病態の分類に腹部大動脈の病変のみを含めた新しい体系を国際間で取り決め、この新分類に従った患者の実態を目下明らかにしつつある。このことはHLAの研究に於いても新たな展開を開かしめた。我々の研究に於いてHLA B-39の存在が健康日本人に比し有意に高い統計上の成績が得られたが、実数はわずか10名に満たぬ程であった為に放置しておいたが、そのDNAレベルの研究から、本症患者にのみ認められるB-39-2という新しいタイプの存在が発見された。そしてこのB-39は南米や東南アジア諸国に於いてはB-52より高い出現頻度を示しており、B-39と連鎖不平衡を示す遺伝要因が改めて注目されるようになっている。目下、各国に於いてB-39の出現頻度とその臨床病態との比較が新たなテーマとして取り上げられ、目下検討が成されつつある。このDNAレベルの解析は、各国より送ってもらった血液にて当大学で目下行いつつある。
著者
Toshihiro MUNEMITSU Akira ISHII Eiji OKADA Hideo CHIHARA Kazumichi YOSHIDA Jun C TAKAHASHI Yasushi TAKAGI Susumu MIYAMOTO
出版者
The Japan Neurosurgical Society
雑誌
Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.oa.2018-0203, (Released:2019-02-28)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
4

We previously reported that near-infrared hyperspectral imaging enabled the localization of atherosclerotic plaques from outside the vessels, but not the optical characteristics of each histological component. Therefore, the near-infrared spectrum of each component was collected from the sliced section of the human carotid plaque obtained with endarterectomy and the optical characteristics were confirmed in several wavelengths. Based on this information, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy for ex vivo chemogram in each plaque component created with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), using multiple wavelengths. The chemogram projected on the actual image of plaque was created based on light intensity and transmittance change at three wavelengths. The wavelengths that were mainly were 1440, 1620, 1730, and 1930 nm. We evaluated the accuracy of histological diagnosis in chemogram compared with pathological findings, analyzing interobserver agreement with κ-statistics. The chemograms that we created depicted the components of fibrous tissue, smooth muscle, lipid tissue, intraplaque hemorrhage, and calcification. Diagnostic odds ratio in each component was as follows: 259.6 in fibrous tissue, 144 in smooth muscle, 1123.5 in lipid tissue, 29.3 in intraplaque hemorrhage, and 136.3 in calcification. The κ-statistics revealed that four components, excluding intraplaque hemorrhage, had substantial or almost perfect agreement. Thus, this study demonstrated the feasibility of using chemogram focused on specific component during the histological assessment of atherosclerotic plaques, highlighting its potential diagnostic ability. Chemograms of various target components can be created by combining multiple wavelengths. This technology may prove to be useful in improving the histological assessment of plaque using NIRS.
著者
A. Bailey Christopher C. McInnis Timothy J. Batcher Justin
出版者
アクティブ・エイジングリサーチセンター
雑誌
Journal of Trainology
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, no.2, pp.43-45, 2016
被引用文献数
7

<p><i><b>Objectives</b></i>: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the intra- and intersession reliability of a new inertial measurement unit (ZEPP Sensor (ZS)) for bat swing mechanical analysis. <i><b>Design and Methods</b></i>: This investigation included 16 male collegiate baseball players (89.53 ± 12.5 kg, 180.61 ± 6.5 cm, 20.12 ± 0.8 years). Following a whole body dynamic warm-up and 5 dry swings, 5 swings were recorded where athletes hit balls off of a tee with bats instrumented with a ZS. Data collection took place on 3 days. Intrasession reliability analyzed trial to trial data, while intersession reliability analyzed data from each of the 3 sessions. Both relative and absolute measures of reliability were calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficients of variation (CV), and limits of agreement (LOA). <i><b>Results</b></i>: Within and between session acceleration/time related variables produced excellent relative reliability measurements (ICCs 0.882-0.988) as well as acceptable absolute measures of reliability (CVs 1.9%-9.2%). Variables derived from the gyro scope did not display the same consistency (intrasession vertical angle ICC = 0.492, intersession attack angle CV = 108.6%). <i><b>Conclusions</b></i>: Considering acceleration/time data, the ZS appears to be a reliable method of monitoring bat swing mechanics, but not for the angular position variables. Changes in body position have been demonstrated with fatigue in jumping performance. Similarly, bat position changes may occur with fatigue and should be monitored, but coaches and sport scientists should use caution when selecting variables to monitor and only select those that are reliable.</p>
著者
Brian C. J. Moore
出版者
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
雑誌
Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.2, pp.61-83, 2019-03-01 (Released:2019-03-01)
参考文献数
159
被引用文献数
29

Within the cochlea, broadband sounds like speech and music are filtered into a series of narrowband signals, each with a relatively slowly varying envelope (ENV) imposed on a rapidly oscillating carrier (the temporal fine structure, TFS). Information about ENV and TFS is conveyed in the timing and short-term rate of action potentials in the auditory nerve. This paper describes the role of ENV and TFS information in pitch perception, binaural processing, and the perception of speech in the presence of background sounds. The paper also describes the effects of hearing loss and age on the processing of TFS and ENV information. The monaural and binaural processing of TFS information is adversely affected by both hearing loss and increasing age. The monaural processing of ENV information is little affected by hearing loss or by increasing age. The binaural processing of ENV information deteriorates somewhat with increasing age but is not markedly affected by hearing loss. The reduced TFS processing abilities found for older/hearing-impaired subjects may partially account for the difficulties that such subjects experience in complex listening situations.
著者
Muhammad Ayyaz Ul Haq Muhammad Rashid Ian C. Gilchrist Olivier Bertrand Chun Shing Kwok Chun Wai Wong Hossam M. Mansour Yasser Baghdaddy James Nolan Maarten A.H. van Leeuwen Mamas A. Mamas
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.11, pp.2736-2744, 2018-10-25 (Released:2018-10-25)
参考文献数
43
被引用文献数
13

Background: We systematically reviewed the available literature on limb dysfunction after transradial access (TRA) or transfemoral access (TFA) cardiac catheterization. Methods and Results: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies evaluating any transradial or transfemoral procedures and limb function outcomes. Data were extracted and results were narratively synthesized with similar treatment arms. The TRA group included 15 studies with 3,616 participants and of these 3 reported nerve damage with a combined incidence of 0.16% and 4 reported sensory loss, tingling and numbness with a pooled incidence of 1.61%. Pain after TRA was the most common form of limb dysfunction (7.77%) reported in 3 studies. The incidence of hand dysfunction defined as disability, grip strength change, power loss or neuropathy was low at 0.49%. Although radial artery occlusion (RAO) was not a primary endpoint for this review, it was observed in 3.57% of the participants in a total of 8 studies included. The TFA group included 4 studies with 15,903,894 participants; the rates of peripheral neuropathy were 0.004%, sensory neuropathy caused by local groin injury and retroperitoneal hematomas were 0.04% and 0.17%, respectively, and motor deficit caused by femoral and obturator nerve damage was 0.13%. Conclusions: Limb dysfunction post cardiac catheterization is rare, but patients may have nonspecific sensory and motor complaints that resolve over a period of time.
著者
清水 弘之 HO John H.C. KOO Linda C. 藤木 博太 松木 秀明 渡辺 邦友
出版者
岐阜大学
雑誌
国際学術研究
巻号頁・発行日
1990

ホンコンでは、わが国と比べ鼻咽頭がんの罹患率が高く、EBウィルスと関係、あるいは塩魚との関係が注目されてきた。しかし、一般集団のEBウィルスへの感染率は日本、ホンコンとも極めて高く、EBウィルスのみでは、日本とホンコンとの差、あるいは発病すめ者としない者の差を説明しきれない。つまり、別の因子の介在している可能性が充分に考えられる。今回、気道内の細菌のプロモ-ション活性に注目して、研究を実施した。ホンコン・バプティスト病院へ通院中の鼻咽頭がん患者5名(男子4名、女子1名、年齢40ー68歳)の鼻咽頭部から粘液を採取、直ちにGAM寒天培地を用い、好気・嫌気両方の条件で37℃、48時間培養を行った。また、コントロ-ルとして、同病院で働く職員を5名(男子3名、女子2名、年齢36ー64歳)選び、鼻咽頭部粘液を同様に培養した。それぞれの培養菌体を一旦凍結乾燥したのち、その溶解物を用い、プロテインキナ-ゼC、^<32>PーATP、Ca、フォスファチジルセリンの存在下で、ヒストンに取り込まれる^<32>Pの量を測定することにより、プロテインキナ-ゼCの活性を観察した。プロテインキナ-ゼCの活性(mU/10μg)は次の通りであった(平均値と標準偏差):鼻咽頭がん患者からの検体の好気培養…20.0 ±11.0鼻咽頭がん患者からの検体の嫌気培養…13.2 ±11.0対照者からの好気培養………5.18 ±6.16対照者からの嫌気培養………10.4 ±17.16つまり、好気培養・嫌気培養の結果とも、鼻咽頭がん患者からの菌体の方で高い活性値が認められ、特に好気培養でその傾向が顕著であった。また、ホンコンにおいては、女性の喫煙率が低いにもかかわらず、女性肺がんが高率であり、一般集団での慢性の咳・痰も日本の約10倍と推定されている。そこで慢性痰を有する女性3名の喀痰を37℃、好気および嫌気条件下で48時間培養後、一旦凍結乾燥し、以下の燥作を行い、nonーTPAタイププロモ-タ-であるオカダ酸クラスが示す、プロテインキナ-ゼの活性作用を検討した。すなわち、凍結乾燥菌体を酵素で消化、凍結乾燥後、メタノ-ルで抽出し、その抽出液をジクロロメタン/イソプロパノ-ルに溶解する分画Iと、その沈渣である分画II、さらにメタノ-ル抽出の沈渣をジクロロメタン/イソプロパノ-ルに溶解した分画IIIに分け、酵素活性への影響を観察した。好気培養で発育した菌は、どの分画においてもプロテインキナ-ゼの活性作用であるオカダ酸様作用を示さなかった。しかし、2名から得た嫌気培養発育菌は比較的強い活性(特に分画Iにおいて)を示した。分離同定の結果、その菌は Streptococcus sanguis であることが判明した。以上、鼻咽頭患者の腫瘍部あるいはその近辺から採取した細菌の菌体(あるいはその分泌物)に何らかのプロモ-ション活性を示すものが存在する可能性を示唆する結果を得た。しかし、診断後時間経過の短い患者を選んだが、既にがんが発生した後の鼻咽頭部からの菌の分折であり、がん発生以前の状況は不明のままである。また、ホンコンの肺がん患者10例から喀痰を採取し、凍結乾燥を終えているので、慢性の咳・痰を有する患者の成績と比較すべく、分折を継続中である。
著者
P. K. Kuroda John C. H. Liou Ashok D. Banavali John D. Akridge Larry A. Burchfield
出版者
GEOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
雑誌
GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL (ISSN:00167002)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.2, pp.55-60, 1984-04-20 (Released:2008-04-08)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
2 6

The amount of excess 210Po activity injected into the atmosphere by the 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens was greater than that of 90Sr released by the 16 October 1980 Chinese test explosion of a 0.2 to 1 megaton nuclear device. The occurrence of a ‘mystery’ cloud prior to the 28 March 1982 eruption of El Chichón volcano was accompanied by an increase in the 210Po/210Pb ratio in rain samples collected at Fayetteville, Arkansas, during the months of January and February, 1982.
著者
Akio Yamada Kohei Makita Hazumu Kadowaki Naoto Ito Makoto Sugiyama Nigel C.L. Kwan Katsuaki Sugiura
出版者
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee
雑誌
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.JJID.2018.431, (Released:2018-12-25)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
10

Although rabies still kills many people, global eradication of human rabies is considered to be feasible. Because the progress toward eradication may be different among regions with different socio-economic status, states that successfully eradicate this disease must be vigilant for re-emergence of rabies. In this article, we describe arguments over current rabies prevention measures and risk assessment results for rabies introduction and spread in rabies-free Japan. We also summarize the measures taken by representative countries and regions free from rabies. Our risk assessment results revealed that the risk of rabies reintroduction under current circumstances is very low, and that subsequent spread of the disease would be minimal because of quite low value of basic reproduction number. Similar assessments conducted in other rabies-free areas also showed quite limited risks of introduction. The majority of rabies-free countries maintain their rabies-free status through strict import quarantine of carnivorous animals, efficient surveillance of animal rabies including wildlife, quick emergency responses, and raising public awareness of the disease. To keep current rabies-free status in Japan, it is strongly recommended to maintain current quarantine system as well as to reinforce compliance of stakeholders involved in international dog movement. Sustainable surveillance system targeting wildlife is also indispensable.
著者
George O. Poinar Jr. Bozidar P. M. Curcic James C. Cokendolpher
出版者
Arachnological Society of Japan
雑誌
Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.2, pp.79-96, 1998 (Released:2007-03-29)
参考文献数
106
被引用文献数
19 59

Pseudoscorpions form phoretic associations with a wide range of arthropods, including at least 44 families of insects and three families of arachnids. The present work brings up to date phoretic associations between pseudoscorpions and different arthropods and discusses the long-standing controversy over whether this behavior is basically a predatory response or adapted solely for dispersal. That phoresy in pseudoscorpions is of long standing and obligatory in many cases is demonstrated by its continuance for millions of years, as shown by the fossil record. A member of the Chthoniidae attached to a moth in Baltic amber is reported for the first time.