著者
川原 繁人 篠原 和子
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.3, pp.101-110, 2009-12-30

近年の音韻論・音声学研究において,音の対応は知覚的に近似するものの間で起こりやすいことが,洒落や韻などの分析をもとに指摘されている(Steriade 2003)。これは日本語のダジャレの音対応分析によっても確認され,特に子音の対応には知覚的近似性の知識が使われていることが示された(Kawahara and Shinohara 2009)。本稿はこれらの研究に基づき,新たに日本語のダジャレにおける母音の対応を分析する。ダジャレのコーパスデータにみられる母音の近似性行列の特徴を分析したところ,弁別素性(distinctive fatures)に基づく音韻的近似性ではこの特徴は説明しきれず,知覚的近似性を考慮して初めて説明可能となることが判明した。ゆえに本研究の結果からは,弁別素性に基づく音韻論的対応仮説よりも知覚的近似性にもとづく音声学的対応仮説の方が音の対応をより適切に説明できる,という結論が得られる。
著者
伝 康晴 渡辺 美知子
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.1, pp.53-64, 2009-04-30

Speech disfluency has lately attracted considerable attention in the study of spontaneous speech. In one tradition, disfluencies are treated as the outcome of cognitive processes that run purely inside the speaker. In a second tradition, they are viewed as the result of certain strategies by which the speaker can have an effect on the addressees. This paper reviews our recent studies on disfluencies in Japanese spontaneous speech, putting particular emphasis on their functions in speech communication. Three studies, on word repetitions, fillers, and prolongation, are described in detail and discussed from the viewpoint of communicative strategies.
著者
武田 誠 二郷 美帆 益子 幸江
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.2, pp.51-71, 1999-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

Korean has two types of alveolar fricatives called "lax" and "forced". We observed the acoustic characteristics of each type of fricative with a sound-spectrograph. At the beginning and in the middle point of the frictional period, both types of fricatives showed a similar spectral pattern: the main frequency component was observed to be higher than 5000Hz in many cases among both types of fricatives. At the final point of the frictional period, a low frequency component around F2 and/or F3 of the following vowel was observed in the lax fricative more often than in the forced one. However, our results suggested that the presence or absence of the low frequency component around F2 and/or F3 of the following vowel might not differentiate the two types of fricatives.
著者
韓 喜善
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.1-22, 2016-08-30 (Released:2017-07-04)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
3

This study examines the patterns of F0, intensity and formants in the Seoul Korean vowels preceding and following lax, aspirated, and tense consonants (/ta/, /tha/, /t'a/, /tsa/, /tsha/, /ts'a/, /sa/, /s'a/, /ata/, /atha/, /at'a/, /atsa/, /atsha/, /ats'a/, /asa/, /as'a/). The results of acoustic analysis found that the patterns of F0 and F1 in the following vowels differ among lax, aspirated, and tense consonants in both the initial and the intervocalic positions. The differences between patterns are more apparent in the initial than in the intervocalic. However, it is reasonable to believe that the patterns of F0 have no influence on consonant judgment because the angles of inclinations were subtle. On the other hand, F1 of the tense consonants differ from those in the other consonants as they rise in the first half of the following vowels. This, therefore, suggests that the patterns of F1 can influence the perception judgments of the consonants examined in this study.
著者
川原 繁人 篠原 和子
出版者
The Phonetic Society of Japan
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.3, pp.101-110, 2009-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

近年の音韻論・音声学研究において,音の対応は知覚的に近似するものの間で起こりやすいことが,洒落や韻などの分析をもとに指摘されている(Steriade 2003)。これは日本語のダジャレの音対応分析によっても確認され,特に子音の対応には知覚的近似性の知識が使われていることが示された(Kawahara and Shinohara 2009)。本稿はこれらの研究に基づき,新たに日本語のダジャレにおける母音の対応を分析する。ダジャレのコーパスデータにみられる母音の近似性行列の特徴を分析したところ,弁別素性(distinctive fatures)に基づく音韻的近似性ではこの特徴は説明しきれず,知覚的近似性を考慮して初めて説明可能となることが判明した。ゆえに本研究の結果からは,弁別素性に基づく音韻論的対応仮説よりも知覚的近似性にもとづく音声学的対応仮説の方が音の対応をより適切に説明できる,という結論が得られる。
著者
大竹 孝司
出版者
The Phonetic Society of Japan
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.1, pp.76-85, 2010-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

本研究は,心理言語学の領域における音声言語の語彙認識の研究で提案されている語彙候補活性化モデルの観点から,話し言葉としての日本語の駄洒落のメカニズムについて考察を試みたものである。このモデルでは,聞き手は話し言葉の個々の単語を直接認識するのではなく,類似した音構造を持つ複数の活性化された単語の中から競合を経て目標の単語を選択するとしている。その際,候補となるのは話者が意図した単語のみならず,単語内や単語間に潜む「埋め込み語」が含まれる。本研究では,即時性を伴う言葉遊びと「埋め込み語」の関係を明らかにするために日本語の駄洒落のデータベースの分析を行った。その結果,駄洒落には同音異義語と類音異議語に加えて単語に内包された単語や外延的な関係にある単語も利用されていることが明らかになった。この結果は,駄洒落では活性化された候補群から最適のものが選択されていると解釈される。このことは駄洒落では候補が英語のpunなどよりも広範囲から選択されるためより自由度の高い言葉遊びであることを示唆している。
著者
Yoshimasa Seki
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.1, pp.31-37, 2017-04-30 (Released:2017-09-12)
参考文献数
50

Budgerigars are small parrots and one of the most interesting behaviors in this species is vocal mimicry. This article briefly reviews studies of vocal behavior and the central nervous vocal control system of budgerigars. Other interesting characteristics of this species are behavioral contagion or imitation, and rhythmic synchronization to metronomic stimuli. All of these behaviors are involved in sensory-motor coordination and/or transforming sensory inputs to motor outputs. The neural and psychological substrates of these behaviors may have a link to one another and could give us insight into the biological basis and evolution of vocal learning and communication.
著者
アーウィン マーク
出版者
The Phonetic Society of Japan
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.2, pp.69-80, 2004-08-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

日本語の歴史的音韻学の定説の中で,音便というのは未だに不透明な部分もあり,中古語で発生した複雑な音変化群を示す。しかしながら,Frellesvigの『A Case Study in Diachronic Phonology - The Japanese Onbin Sound Changes』という著作が1995年に出版されるまで,ある意味では,音便の音変化の働きに関する特徴の理解,殊に音便の誘引や動機づけの理解が浅薄だったと言えるであろう。このFrellesvigの通時的な音韻学の例示研究はAndersenが60年代から開発した言語学理論の枠組の内で製作されたものの,Andersonの理論は記号学やヨーロッパの構造言語学に基づいたものである。この論文では,音便を定義し要約したのち,現象の誘引や動機づけを吟味しながら,現在までの学識及び観点の異なるFrellesvigの理論についても考察する。

1 0 0 0 OA 投稿募集

出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.3, pp.196-197, 2022 (Released:2023-04-30)
著者
Takuya Kimura Takayuki Arai
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.119-129, 2019-08-31 (Released:2019-08-31)
参考文献数
18

Beginners of Spanish whose L1 is Japanese often wonder if Spanish /y/ is similar to Japanese /y/ or to Japanese /zy/. Three perception experiments revealed that this Spanish phoneme admits a wide variety of palatal consonants as its allophones, that these consonants can be perceived by Japanese listeners sometimes as /y/ and sometimes as /zy/, or sometimes even as /gy/. In Spanish pronunciation and listening teaching, the instructor can advise Japanese learners of Spanish that they can use either Japanese /y/ or /zy/ to pronounce Spanish /y/, and that this Spanish consonant might sound like Japanese /gy/ in some occasions.
著者
岩佐 一枝
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.51-64, 2019 (Released:2019-04-30)
参考文献数
16

彝語系諸言語(チベット・ビルマ諸語)は,母音に緊喉・非緊喉の別をもつことで知られているが,緊喉母音生成の詳細な過程についての研究は,従来不十分なものであった。そこで本稿では,彝語系諸言語のうち,アシ・イ語及びノス・イ語に対して実施された音声分析結果をもとに,緊喉・非緊喉母音それぞれの特徴を示し,これを考察する。結果,本稿で取り上げた2言語においては,母音の緊喉に「咽頭化」と「喉頭化」の2タイプがあるとの結論に至った。
著者
定延 利之
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.3, pp.27-39, 2010-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)
被引用文献数
1

This paper examines the nature of filler speech in conversation by observing its five characteristics: untranslatability; unmistakability; essentiality/prohibitivity; capability of being "hopeless"; and privilegedness. Firstly, it is pointed out that no language's filler is rigidly translatable into other languages, which indicates that filler has a social as well as cognitive aspect. In order to integrate both aspects, we need a new socio-cognitive view of filler as a manifestation of the cognitive process the speaker is undergoing. The traditional view of conversational speech as an intentional act of transferring information cannot explain the facts of fillers, such as that fillers are inherently unmistakable for native speakers, that fillers look to be necessary/prohibited in accordance with situations, that fillers can be "hopeless," and that fillers can the privilege only of particular people of special status in the conversation.

1 0 0 0 OA 投稿募集

出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.2, pp.95, 2022 (Released:2023-01-31)
著者
杉藤 美代子
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.2, pp.36-43, 2000-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

This CD-ROM dictionary contains accent data, both contemporary and ancient, concerning 65,928 words in Osaka (by three old and three young generation speakers) and Tokyo Japanese. For the basic entries of 5,684 words, the CD-ROM enables you to listen to the actual pronunciation from the two regions, while simultaneously viewing its sound wave and pitch contour. Over 30 years in the making, this dictionary opens new possibilities for learning and/or conducting research on accents in Japanese.
著者
鄭 恩禎 桐谷 滋
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.2, pp.64-70, 1998-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

In this paper, I show that pitch patterns influence native speakers of Korean in their perception of voiced and voiceless sounds in Japanese. It is shown that speakers of Korean, a language which does not have the contrast between voiced and voiceless sounds, rely on the difference of the pitch patterns rather than the voicing sounds. More specifically: 1. It was confirmed that, roughly speaking, higher pitch occurs in association with voiceless sounds, while lower pitch occurs in association with voiced sounds. 2. It was confirmed that Korean speakers have little problem perceiving voiceless sounds when they are accompanied by a clear high pitch, and voiced sounds when they are accompanied by a clear low pitch. In other cases, the rate of perception errors was high. 3. In a follow-up experiment, the pitch pattern of voiced sounds was substituted with that of their voiceless counterparts and that of voiceless sounds with that of their voiced counterparts. The results showed that Korean speakers are apt to perceive voiceless sounds as voiced when the accompanying pitch is low, while they tend to perceive voiced sounds as voiceless when the accompanying pitch is high. Japanese speakers showed the same tendency, but with a lower rate of errors in perception.
著者
吉田 夏也
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.3, pp.52-58, 2008-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

This paper presents the results of experiments to reveal the acoustic cue of the perception of devoiced vowels. The frequency spectrum of mora /pI/ and /pU/ has peaks at 3200Hz and 1500Hz respectively. I removed these peaks using the band-pass filter to create stimuli. In the perception test using these stimuli, the rate of correct response is extremely low. This suggests that participants of this test couldn't use the acoustic information mentioned above. These acoustic features of/pI/ and /pU/ are similar to those of/p/ before voiced vowels. This result suggests that the coarticulation between /p/ and the following vowel may act as the acoustic cue of devoiced vowels.
著者
大野 眞男
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, no.3, pp.27-36, 2011-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

Central vowels are observed both in the Ryukyuan dialects and East-northern dialects of the Japanese language. This paper takes notice of the u-fronting preceded by the coronal consonants which were observed in the 16th century dialect of Okinawa main island. It is speculated that this kind of coarticulation also was a trigger change toward the centralization of [u] vowel of East-northern dialects of Japanese. Just as the coronal consonants influence the shape of the tongue body by u-fronting, it is also supposed that the shape of the tongue pronouncing [i] could also be assimilated to the preceding coronal consonants. As the results of the above two assimilations, firstly /i/ and /u/ are speculated to have begun centralization in the environment following /s, z, c/. Secondly the consonants preceding central vowels have extended to all the consonants other than /s, z, c/, and thirdly /i/ and /u/ following /s, z, c/ have ceased to be distinct phonemically.