著者

川原 繁人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.38-42, 2017-08-30 (Released:2018-02-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

著者

Sakae INOUYE Yoshibumi SUGIHARA

出版者

The Phonetic Society of Japan

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.43-49, 2015-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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We created a device for measuring the strength of puffs near the mouth which are generated during speaking, and then compared the strength among Japanese, English and Chinese languages. Subjects were 14 or 15 male university-students for each group of the three languages. They read aloud texts (about 3-minute length) from a Murakami Haruki's novel in their native languages with a funnel held by hand before the mouth. The wind pressure (stagnation pressure) produced at the bottom of the funnel, which reflects the initial velocity of the puff, was transformed to electrical signals through a differential pressure transducer. The signals converted from analogue to digital data at 10-millisecond intervals were recorded on a personal computer. Then all of the pressure data with 15 pascals or higher were summed up for each reading, and the sum was designated as "Strong Puff Total, SPT". It was found that there was no significant difference in the SPT medians between English and Chinese groups, but the medians of the two groups were more than 3 times greater than that of the Japanese group; it quantitatively confirmed that the strength of puffs from the mouth in Japanese speaking is weak.

著者

手島 良

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.31-43, 2011-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

6

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This article examines the following three aspects of teaching English pronunciation at secondary schools in Japan: 1)which features of pronunciation are actually taught and which are not; 2) which problems are caused by this; and 3)which measures can or should be taken to solve the problems. In each aspect above, single sounds, word/phrase/sentence stresses and intonation are taken into account. Very little time is devoted to teaching pronunciation, and sadly awareness of the importance of pronunciation among pupils/students is quite low. In order to improve the situation, remedies, such as phonics-based instruction, are proposed.

著者

宇都木 昭

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.106-115, 2017-08-30 (Released:2018-02-28)

参考文献数

59

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This study reviews the two types of tonal change recently found in contemporary Seoul Korean. The first is the emergence of tones according to the onset at the initial syllable of the accentual phrase. This phenomenon synchronizes the overlapping process of Voice Onset Time (VOT) distribution between lax and aspirated obstruents. Several previous studies have indicated that this dialect is in the middle stage of tonogenesis. The second type of tonal change is the emergence of the H tone in the word il, meaning “one.” The present study examines the possibility of interpreting the two phenomena as lexical diffusion.

著者

Hideki Kawahara

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.63-73, 2017-12-30 (Released:2018-04-27)

参考文献数

20

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This paper introduces a new fine-grained voice source analysis method and its application to filled pause analysis in the CSJ (Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese). The new source analysis procedure is designed to provide annotation with reliable and precise descriptions of objective characteristics to items in large speech corpora. This design target made the new analysis method provide far more accurate descriptions than existing methods. The new method provides the fundamental frequency estimate and the band-wise aperiodicity information simultaneously. It also provides an information-rich representation of a probability map of the fundamental component. This paper presents several analysis examples and discussions.

著者

中村 敏枝

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.40-52, 2009-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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'Ma' is important 'Kansei information' (the opposite concept of 'logical information') in communication. In all the cultures of Japan 'Ma' has been of great importance. Consequently there are a large number of descriptions that deal with 'Ma' qualitatively, but not quantitatively. The quantitative researches about 'Ma'in speech and music are reported in this paper. The psychological and physical data on 'Ma' were obtained by experiments and measurements. Following points at issue are discussed here: the suitable length of 'Ma', the relationship between the length of 'Ma' and breathing, the role of 'Ma' in expressing and/or understanding speaker's intention and emotion and the role of the switching pause('Ma') in building a relationship with the conversational partner.

著者

郡 史郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.59-78, 2012-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In the Keihan-type accent system, which includes the Osaka dialect, the lexically specified pitch patterns (i.e., accents) of words are classified into the following two categories: high-beginning and low-beginning. During the pronunciation of isolated words, the low-beginning type has two characteristics, which are an initial low pitch, and a gradual pitch rise from the beginning to the accent nucleus. A number of researchers claim that the latter characteristic is more consistent and therefore more pertinent. This paper provides a detailed phonetic description of the behavior of this type of accent in various sentence conditions and argues the relative importance of the two characteristics. An acoustic analysis performed on 15 sets of sentences uttered by a total of 26 speakers revealed the following: An initial low pitch is a firm characteristic that does not easily disappear in a sentence context; A gradual rise may be acoustically flat or even slightly descendent in some conditions, but it is also a firm characteristic that distinguishes low-beginning words from high-beginning words. These results suggest that it is not legitimate to conclude that one of the two characteristics is more important.

著者

川原 繁人 桃生 朋子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.43-49, 2017-08-30 (Released:2018-02-28)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3

著者

櫻庭 京子 今泉 敏 筧 一彦

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.77-84, 2004-04-30

被引用文献数

1

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A primary purpose of this study was to examine the difference in identification by Japanese and English listeners of vocally-expressed emotions (happy, sad, angry, and neutral) on the utterance "pikachuu" as generated by Japanese and American children. Both sets of listeners identified the emotions uttered by Japanese children better than those by American children, but the difference was not significant. A second purpose of the study was to examine the acoustic differences between the Japanese and American English children's productions of 'pikachuu.' The results showed that in expression of emotions, the dynamic range of F0 was similar in the two languages; however, the length of syllables varied, reflecting language-specific characteristics.

著者

窪薗 晴夫

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.5-15, 1998-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Trubetzkoy (1958/69) proposed that natural languages fall into two groups, mora-counting and syllable-counting languages, according to the smallest prosodic unit used in that language. Japanese has been classified as a mora language, whereas English is labeled a syllable language. This proposal has been taken for granted over the decades and has been interpreted as suggesting that the mora and the syllable are mutually exclusive within a single prosodic system. This paper challenges this interpretation by demonstrating that at least one major role which the mora plays in Japanese is observed in syllable-based languages as well and, moreover, that the syllable plays a pivotal role in a wide range of linguistic phenomena in the putatively mora-based system of (Tokyo) Japanese.

著者

新田 哲夫

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.6-15, 2011-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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A special geminate like ff in maffa "pillow", which does not exist in the Standard Japanese (SJ), is found in the Antoh dialect in Fukui Prefecture. This paper deals with the synchronic and diachronic phenomena concerning the ff geminate in addition to bb and ss. This paper has the following purposes: (1) to illustrate the correspondence of geminates between the Antoh dialect and SJ, (2) to investigate the historical development of the geminates in the Antoh dialect, (3) to point out that the manifestation of the geminates in the Antoh dialect is similar to that of the Miyakojima dialect in the Ryukyuan language, and (4) to propose that the explanation for the process of the geminate in this dialect gives a suggestive source to the discussion on the processes of sound changes in the Ryukyuan language.

著者

郡 史郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.41-56, 2004-12-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Differences between the typical pronunciation of Tokyo and that of Osaka were studied using "Kyonen Narano momizio Yumito mita," a sentence in which both varieties of Japanese have the same lexical tonal pattern. Twelve speakers from Tokyo and 12 from Osaka uttered the test sentence. The recordings were submitted to 36 listeners from Tokyo and 32 from Osaka to judge the speakers' provenience. A correlation analysis revealed that the utterances successfully recognized as Tokyo dialect by the Tokyo listeners have a shorter duration of [jo] in "kyonen" and of the first [a] in "Nara" and an irregular vibration of vocal cords at the end of the sentence, while those recognized as Osaka speech by the Osaka listeners have earlier F0 rise-falls and a less dynamic pitch movement.

著者

屋名池 誠

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.46-57, 2004-08-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In this paper, I describe the accent on predicates in the Kyoto dialect in the Heian era. This paper focuses on verbs with affixes which have not been discussed comprehensively in previous studies. By including them, I attempt to describe all the pitch patterns of predicates. The accent on predicates in this era are not very useful for distinguishing between predicate forms. They have mainly a delimitative function.

著者

梶 茂樹

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.8-10, 2001-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Tone is one of the common features of the world's languages. It is found not only in East and Southeast Asian languages, but in many languages of the world: native American, New Guinean, African, etc. If we add to this category pitch-accent languages, an overwhelming number of the world's languages can be seen to exploit this particular phonetic feature in varying degrees. Four languages and language groups are chosen in this issue to exemplify various tone types; namely, Chinese, Korean, Haida (North American) and Bantu (Africa). Although typology is considered in the analysis of these languages, we mainly intend to show different tone and/or pitch-accent languages, no unification being attempted as to the usage of the terms tone and pitch-accent.

著者

遠藤 光暁

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.40-51, 2011-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In this paper, a panoramic view is given on the relationship between three different laryngeal features found in Eastern Asian languages. The features under investigation consist of manner of articulation of the consonant, phonation type and pitch, all of which are controlled by larynx. Close correlation between these features is observed, especially among tone languages distributed across the center of the East Asian region. Moreover, examples from surrounding languages (i.e. Japanese and Korean, as well as Austronesian and Austroasiatic languages) are also surveyed.

著者

髙橋 康徳

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.98-110, 2019-08-31 (Released:2019-08-31)

参考文献数

23

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上海語では複数音節からなる語句で変調が起きる。この変調のドメイン(変調域)は1980年代から理論的アプローチや中国語方言学的記述の枠組みで考察されており,最近では実験音韻論的研究が変調域の適格性に関する聴覚音声学的データを提供した。本稿では上海語の変調域に関する従来の研究をまとめた上で,会話教材を用いて変調域の産出データを分析する。観察された変調域の基本的な特徴は先行研究の分析で説明可能であるが,未報告の変調形成パタンも観察された。

著者

中川 裕

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.52-62, 1998-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This article provides information on the clicks which characterize the consonantal systems of Khoisan languages and their neighbouring languages. It discusses some issues of the framework for the description of clicks, and presents a brief survey of click systems sampled from a wide range of Khoisan languages in terms of click types and click accompaniments.

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.62, 2022-10-31 (Released:2022-10-31)

著者

武内 真弓 五十嵐 陽介

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.118, 2009-12-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

杉本 淳子 内田 洋子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.22-35, 2020-04-30 (Released:2020-04-30)

参考文献数

49

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本稿は英語教員を志望する大学生に必要とされる音声学授業(教職音声学)の試案を示すことを目的としている。発音モデルには一般米語を用い,聞き取りモデルとして多様なアクセントに触れる機会を設けることとする。授業には,「宣言的知識(音声学的知識)」「手続き的知識(音声指導に関する知識)」「発音および聞き取り力の訓練」の三つの要素を含める。また,英語発音のすべての項目を網羅的に扱うのではなく,明瞭度の高い発音につながる音声項目を選定し,優先的に指導すべきである。この授業を通じて,教員志望者は音声指導に必要な知識や手法と,生徒の手本となる明瞭度の高い発音を身につけることを目標とする。