- 著者
-
梶丸 岳
- 出版者
- 日本文化人類学会
- 雑誌
- 文化人類学 (ISSN:13490648)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.83, no.3, pp.469-480, 2018 (Released:2019-05-12)
- 参考文献数
- 93
- 被引用文献数
-
1
Ong's seminal book Orality and Literacy has deeply influenced cultural anthropology and other cultural
studies in Japan, though some of the works citing his book did not place such a high value on the academic
context and the severe criticism on his and his colleagues' works. This review introduces the context of
Orality and Literacy, the development of a research field called "New Literacy Studies," and suggests a vision
for future orality studies.
From the outset, research on orality and literacy has been an interdisciplinary topic. Parry and Lord
were two of the earliest scholars who noticed a distinct linguistic style in oral tradition. Influenced by their
research, Havelock argued that there was a great transition from oral to literate culture in ancient Greece
during the time of Plato, whose theory of ideas, he said, was the outcome of 'literate culture.' While that
research focused on Western culture, Goody expanded its focus to "primitive" non-literate cultures, insisting
on the contrastive nature between orality and literacy. A similar discussion was also seen in research on
intercultural comparative psychology by Greenfield and Olson. Of course, McLuhan's media study also
exerted a prevailing influence on the topic. Ong's Orality and Literacy can be seen as one of the clearest
summaries of the various works on orality and literacy, with some vision to further studies of electronic
media.
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