著者

松端 克文

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.1-27, 2017-03-16

著者

吉弘 憲介

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.83-97, 2021-03-22

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the methodology of using Geographical InformationSystem(GIS)for the analysis of local government finance.In recent years, policy research using GIS has increased due to the free availability of GISsoftware. However, very few studies in the field of local government finance in Japan utilizingGIS have been conducted so far.Therefore, this paper presents three specific examples of analysis using GIS concerning issues in local government finance theory.The first is a spatial analysis of intergovernmental fiscal relations using coropleth maps. Ishowed how to visually confirm the adjacency and spatial concentration of policy choices, whichcannot be handled by ordinary vector data.Second, I presented a method of analyzing the classification of administrative districts in policy analysis based on geographic concentration rather than city divisions.Third, I presented a method for quantitatively confirming the spatial concentration of a particular class or administrative demand applying Tobler’s first law of geography.

著者

村上 あかね

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.1-14, 2020-03-10

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The aim of this paper is to explain how to apply for microdata provided by Eurostat.Comparative studies using microdata of official statistics contribute to understanding oursocieties. Official statistics as public goods are significant not only for decision-making andevaluation purposes, but also for scientific purposes through academic research. The applicationprocedure comprises two steps. The outcome of Step 1 is for a research organization to berecognized as a research entity. Important factors in Step 1 are the eligibility and responsibilitiesof the research entity ; the main purpose of an organization; providing evidence of researchpublication; independence and autonomy in formulating scientific conclusions ; and adequate datasecurity safeguards, including accessing confidential data only for the agreed-upon purposes andguaranteeing the physical security of the data. Once Eurostat have recognized the organization asa research entity, researchers can apply for access to microdata. Important factors to consider inStep 2 are the purpose of the research proposal ; safekeeping of the data ; and intermediate andfinal results for assuring anonymity of the respondents.

著者

小野 達也

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.9-27, 2021-03-22

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In recent years, community-based welfare has been advanced as a policy, and social workhas been conducted in communities. However, discussions on the quality of support achievedthrough social work are not active. This study was focused on the attainment of high qualityof social work in communities. I interviewed community social workers(CSWs)to grasp thecurrent situation of the practice in communities and the elements to attain a high quality of support. The results revealed that(1)CSWs work within several constraints;(2)although CSWsare unclear about the high quality of support, they have a certain interest in it; and(3)CSWscan be the starting point for attaining high quality of support. In the Discussion section, I highlight three points that need to be considered to achieve high quality of support, namely, considering the idea of welfare adopted by CSWs, developing goal attainment-type support methods,and developing resources for support.

著者

栄 セツコ 辻本 直子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.99-114, 2021-07-15

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This study reviewed life support for parents with mental disorders and their children. Itaimed to obtain reliable knowledge to develop effective life support for them in Japan.We used Citation Information by the National Institute of Informatics and J-Dream III(Japanese databases) to gather data from 2008 to 2018. The literature during this periodidentified 26 original articles as subjects for analysis out of 241 related articles.The results were classified into the following categories: childcare and support for children,support for parents with mental disorders, and supporters and support systems.The keywords for effective support are introduction to family psychoeducation and selfhelpgroups for children, comprehensive assessment and outreach throughout life,collaboration between child welfare agencies and mental health agencies,and placement ofsocial work professionals in child welfare agencies.

著者

木村 二郎

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.29-43, 2017-03-16

著者

金本(遠山) 伊津子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.43-55, 2021-03-22

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This is a diachronic analysis of two quantitative research studies on the aging of Japaneseand Japanese Americans living in Greater New York. All the data in this paper are based on thefirst research study conducted in 2006 and the second conducted in 2018. This paper revealsboth the social transitoriness and the cultural immutability of the Japanese elderly communityin Greater New York.The following is a summary of the findings :(1)a growing Japanese American communitywith US citizenship, higher academic qualification, and better communication competency hasbeen observed.(2)Not only the concerns and anxieties for later lives but also the plans andpreparations for aging are much the same.(3)The elderly are provided with culturally specificcare(with regard to language, food, and concept of care)— even allowed to live with other Japanese people— and the needs of caregivers who can understand Japanese culture are satiated.(4)The allowable range of private expense to hire personal caregivers has been widened.(5)Almost half of those in the community find it difficult to eliminate the possibility of returningto Japan, and some of them have already chosen to migrate back to Japan.Because of the COVID19 pandemic in 2020, the vulnerability of the healthcare system in theUnited States is circumstantially unveiled among certain ethnic groups— particularly the ethnicelderly— who are widely victimized, and their strategy for their later lives may have changed.Additional research is required to find out the interrelationship between aging and culture.

著者

竹内 真澄

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.139-161, 2021-07-15

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The social contract theory is classified into two types: liberal and democratic. The firsttype is the theory of Hobbes and Locke and is based on the concept of <private man>. Thelatter is Rousseau’ theory based on the concept of <citoyen>. According to Rousseau,<citoyen> is the negation of <private man>.According to Rousseau, citoyen makes a civil society based on general will and not onparticular will. General will prioritizes amour-propre(self-love) over amour de soi(love ofself-interest). Here, Rousseau distinguishes self-preservation from self-interest.Therefore, human beings survive by making social contact. This means that they live inthe society based on public interest and not private interest.Also notable is the theoretical product of self-criticizing in European civilization. Rousseaurefers to the invasion of European people amongthe Caribbeans, wherein he discovered the natural situation of human beings in theCaribbean wherein they live in peace and pity.I examine the historical meaning of the risks pertaining to Rousseau’s theory becausethe Russian revolution seems to imitate the French revolution. Some ideas originate fromthe risks pertaining to Rousseau’ theory.

著者

黒田 隆之

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.163-177, 2022-03-18

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This essay explains a necessity of an inclusive education and reasonable accommodationsfor students with intellectual disabilities or some kind of disabilities in high schools inOsaka, Japan. The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology hasannounced that we need to build a system of an inclusive education to create an inclusivesociety in Japan. The board of education of Osaka prefecture has also been engaged invarious efforts in order to realize an inclusive education. Two programs of its efforts are introduced, one is an independence support course forstudents with intellectual disabilities, the other is classes for promoting inclusion. Theseare excellent programs not for students with disabilities but also for students withoutdisabilities. However, a number of students who can join these programs is so small thata lot of students with any disabilities can’t access to supports and cares. Therefore, weshould immediately establish an inclusive education system for all students by utilizingknowledges from there.

著者

松村 昌廣 Masahiro Matsumura

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = St. Andrew's University bulletin of the Research Institute (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.47-55, 2008-06

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On January 12, the divided Japanese Diet finally enacted a legislative measure that authorised the Fukuda administration to restart replenishment support for the US-led maritime interdiction operation in the Indian Ocean. Earlier, in the Upper House, the leading opposition Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) and other mini-parties together voted down the already passed House bill with a simple majority. Subsequently, in the Lower House, the ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Komei Party resorted to their two-third majority to override the Upper House decision.During the impasse of five and a half months since then-Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's crushing defeat in the July 2007 Upper House election, the issue of replenishment support continued to represent the major focal point of the political power struggle in Tokyo. This prolonged impasse revealed that the battle between both the LDP and the DPJ was devoid of any ideological divide, a state of affairs that did not sharpen the national debate at all. Worse, it also suggested that neither party had more than a handful of competent next-generation leaders to constitute an effective power nucleus in decade to come.Accustomed to a one-party-dominated system over several decades, both LDP and DPJ leaders are afraid of legislative stalemates and popular distrust of their respective parties. As the result, the confrontation between both parties has continued. LDP leaders are reluctant to accelerate and intensify the current partisan strife, even though doing so would vindicate their policy positions and thereby benefit them in the coming national election. Further, the LDP leadership is not ready to take a full advantage of the Constitutional rules for steering the Diet, while the DPJ counterparts remain opportunistic.Although the Japanese public remains highly skeptical of the inexperienced DPJ that has been incapable to present effective policy alternatives, the LDP under Fukuda is drifting because the Prime Minister is only an excellent manager, but neither an innovator nor a risk-taker who is able to carry out a systemic overhaul, ranging from a resolution to the hung Diet, to the attainment of political leadership over bureaucrats, and to policy innovations on issues that various policy strategists have already proposed.The current Japan's current political stasis awaits a big bang that will bring competent nextgeneration leaders into the power nucleus. This is unlikely to be expected from the existing parties, but possibly feasible either through a reformed LDP or an evolved DPJ, or even a new party to be born out of a reorganization of the two parties along ideological lines. The good news is that we already know the prescription for a more proactive and prosperous Japan. The bad news is that time is running out when rapidly changing international security and economic conditions require Japan to respond promptly and offer visionary leadership.

著者

小林 信彦 Nobuhiko Kobayashi

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = St. Andrew's University bulletin of the Research Institute (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.247-267, 2003-03

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As the legislation sytem was established in ancient Japan, the harahe (祓) ceased to function as punishment. It developped into the o-harahe (大祓) to remove deceases and calamities as well as sins. When the Japanese added new items to the list of tumi (罪) in the norito (祝詞), they borrowed words for deceases and calamities from the Yakusikyo (藥師經): Thus they introduced into the list sirahito (lepra alba), kokumi (tumor-induced rickets), and calamities of hahumusi (creeping reptiles and worms) and of takatu-tori (birds on high).

著者

橋内 武

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = St. Andrew's University bulletin of the Research Institute (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.31-73, 2019-03

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Do you know what Hansen's disease is ? Formerly known as "leprosy," it is an infectious skinand peripheral nerve disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It used to be extremely difficult tocure, resulting deformed faces, falling off fingers, and crippled limbs. However, today the diseasecan be effectively cured with tablets prescribed regularly for several months. Until 1996, however,Hansen's disease patients in Japan were forced to live in remote sanatoria until they passedaway, representing an infringement of the Japanese Constitution in terms of basic human rights.In those days the contagious power of the infection was thought to be severe, so the governmentenacted Leprosy Prevention Acts in 1907, 1931, and 1953. The aim was to isolate the patients inHansen's disease sanatoria in lonely islands such as Nagashima, or in extremely remote locationsfor the rest of their lives.Both Aisei-en and Komyo-en are located at Nagashima Island in Setouchi, Okayama Prefecture.The former was the first national colony of its kind set up in 1930, while the latter was originallybuilt at the Yodo River Delta, Osaka in 1909, but was moved to the island in 1938 after the MurotoTyphoon completely destroyed the entire premises in 1934.The patients' lives at the sanatoria were miserable and pitiful until the 1953 Act was finally repealedin 1996. Picked up either in the street or at home, they were treated like cattle, carriedin a freight car from the station near their hometown to their remote destination. On their arrival,they were loaded into a truck or bus, (and then a ferry) and transported to the sanatorium. Assoon as they entered the premises, their bodies and personal effects were thoroughly disinfected.The newly arrived had to sign a contract with the institution authorizing the use of their body fordissection after death.These patients had to live together as a group in the same room without privacy. Althoughthey were fundamentally patients, they had to engage in manual work, not only constructing roadsand buildings, but also cultivating lands to produce crops and vegetables, and keeping chickens,pigs, and cows. They also did the necessary domestic work including cleaning, sewing, and washing.Less severely affected patients looked after the more serious cases. If a patient broke a codeof the institution, he or she might be confined in a cell for several days.Before a couple could get married at the sanatorium, the man had to be sterilized. If the womanbecame pregnant, she had to have an abortion. The couple would start their new life with thebridegroom visiting his bride's dormitory, where she lived together with her other female roommates.The patients suffered heavy prejudice from the general public, leaving many to live under falsenames. They scarcely left the colony to visit their hometowns. When they did, they might be rejectedby their family and neighbors, as well as by hotels and restaurants. Even after death, theirashes remained even to this day in the cenotaph of the sanatorium, without relatives taking themback to their home graveyards.In spite of such terrible, miserable conditions, most of the patients somehow managed to enjoytheir sanatorium lives. The young people studied at elementary and secondary schools within thecolony. Some even went to the four-year part-time senior high school in Aisei-en, the only onein Japan for Hansen's disease patients. Creative patients wrote distinguished poems, novels, andessays. Blind musicians played instruments and gave moving concerts now and then. Some enthusiastsformed drama circles to perform plays. Games such as go and shogi were very popularamong male patients.Memorable days included seasonal events such as cherry-blossom viewing, outdoor teaceremonies,summer bon festivals, and sports days in autumn. The building of the Oku-Nagashima Bridge connecting the island with the mainland, on May 9th, 1988, was an event withgreat joy, when everyone was able to happily cross over to the other side.The 89-year history of Hansen's disease patients in Japan under the Leprosy Prevention Actsis truly awful, but their lives should be remembered as part of the forced isolation system. Theformer patients who suffered from this disease were victims of these notorious acts, and wish tohave this extraordinary heritage recorded and remembered for the generations to come. It wouldbe wonderful if these Japanese sanatoria in the Inland Sea might be inscribed on the WorldCultural Heritage list in the near future.

著者

梅山 秀幸

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = St. Andrew's University bulletin of the Research Institute (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.95-117, 2020-07

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Continuing to study how Buddhism was accepted in ancient Japan, I spent the year of 2015on sabbatical in Paris. The series of terrorist incidents that occurred in November of that yearforced me to ponder the clash of civilizations and religions. In Paris I was a guest academic fellow of College de France, whose ethos is "docet omnia(teaches all)," so it was a very convenablecircumstance to think about the conflicts and symbioses of civilizations(and of religions). There,Hebraists, Semitists, Buddhists, and Biblicists could be seen having lunch together in the university cafeteria, and holding peaceful discussions in the corridors. The building of College facesthe rue Clovis. Going up that street, we meet the rue Clotilde. At the place where those twostreets intersect, there once was the Abbaye de Ste. Geneviève. King Clovis, Queen Clotilde, andSaint Geneviève complete the three big names of people who contributed to the acceptance ofChristianity in France and the founding of Catholic France.The field of comparative studies is likely to offer a new and valid perspective from which toconsider the theme that I have been concerned with for many years. So, through reviewingFormer President François Hollande's discourse at the ceremony of homage to the Victims of13 November 2015, and reading Gregoire de Tour's "History of the Francs", this research paperwill explore how the "barbarous" people became civilized through accepting the highly dogmatical and catechized religion.

著者

井上 敏 義永 忠一 野尻 亘 Satoshi Inoue Tadakazu Yoshinaga Wataru Nojiri

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = St. Andrew's University bulletin of the Research Institute (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.21-42, 2004-07

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Sensyu District is in the southern part of Osaka Prefecture. In this region, since the 18th century, many farmers had cultivated cotton and spun cotton into thread. However, because of the importation of cotton to Japan in the latter half of the 19th century, farmers had abandoned cultivation of cotton. On the other hand, the tradition of spinning cotton as a side job for farmers led the development of the thriving textile industries in this region. Up to World War II cotton textiles had been the most important export for Japan since the 19th century. Osaka City was the center of exporting cotton textiles. The location adjacent to Osaka City was advantageous for textile industries. Miscellaneous textile products, for example, cotton textiles, blankets, towels, knitwear, carpets etc. are manufactured by medium and small sized factories in Sensyu District. The networks of these companies and related industries have formed the agglomeration of textile industries in this region. The indigenous labor market is composed of specialized workers for textile industries. The trade unions and public institutions are engaged in quality control and development of new products for textile industries. Today, the incursion of cheap imports of textiles from Asia, the lack of successors in the workforce and the stagnation of productivity have gradually brought about the decline of textile industries in Sensyu District.

著者

辻本 法子

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.33-52, 2021-07-15

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Up until 2019, Japan has seen an increase in the number of foreign tourists; the numberstood at 32 million in 2019. In fiscal 2019, the number of inbound tourists increased by 2.2%on a year-on-year basis. Travel consumption was valued at JPY4.81 trillion, which isprimarily attributable to tourists from China.This study proposes a new viewpoint on the travel souvenir-related purchasing behaviorof Chinese tourists in Japan. The purchase of a travel souvenir is typically a one-timepurchase during a visit to a location. To increase the sales of travel souvenirs, it is importantto promote repeat purchases. To ensure such purchases, it is necessary to create brandawareness and increase brand accessibility, so that the tourist can easily recall the brandname and place a repeat order even from their home location.This study focuses on Chinese tourists' brand awareness. Attitude to the brand isconstructed of three components: cognition, affect, and behavior. The attitude is affected byconsumer involvement. This study developed a validation model and clarified how consumerinvolvement and Japan-visit experience affected the attitude to" Shiroikoibito," the mostpopular travel souvenir. The used variables were brand commitment, product involvement,and purchasing involvement toward confectionery, and brand loyalty toward Japaneseconfectionery, age, Japan-visit experience, and the attitude toward Japanese confectionerybrands.The results revealed the following.(1) " Shiroikoibito" was the most popular travel souvenir and the top of mind's brand inJapanese confectionery.(2) Brand commitment had a positive impact on the three components of the attitudetoward" Shiroikoibito."(3) Brand loyalty toward Japanese confectionery had a positive impact on cognition andaffect for" Shiroikoibito."(4) Japan-visit experience had a negative impact on cognition and behavior for"Shiroikoibito."(5) Age had a negative impact on the three components of the attitude toward"Shiroikoibito."

著者

梅山 秀幸

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.115-138, 2021-07-15

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After the defeat of the Shintoists in the war between Buddhists and Shintoists in the year587CE, the Mononobe( 物部) clan was destined to run its course to ruin. But what was theMononobe clan? The word mononofu, synonym for samurai, was derived from the name ofthis clan. So, we can easily assume that Mononobe was a representative clan of ancientwarriors. Furthermore, it also means that this clan shouldered the military industry, and asa result, the majority of other industry of that period.According to the myths, Nighihayahi, ancestor god of the Mononobe clan, came to Japan,ahead of Ninighi, ancestor god of the Emperor's family. Transferring the political power tothe Emperor's family, Mononobe had maintained a certain important position within theEmperor's government. We will search for and consider the Mononobe legends and theirlegendary places which still remain in present day Osaka.In Nihon-shok(i 日本書紀), we find an impressive tale of Mononobe's vassal Tottori-noyorozu(鳥取万), who valiantly fought to the death in the above religious war and of hisfaithful dog who continued to protect his master's corpse. We visit the legendary tombs ofthe dog and of his master. Tottori is also the place name of the extreme South Osaka. Hatajinnja(波汰神社)exists as the religious centre of this district and observes the ancient ritesand festivals. The remains of Kaieji( 海会寺), a few kilometres from Hata-jinja, shows usthe Tottori people's reformation to Buddhism. In Nihon-ryoiki( 日本霊異記), we can find aninteresting episode which tells of the Tottori people's spiritual beliefs at that time.

著者

梅山 秀幸

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.115-138, 2021-07-15

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After the defeat of the Shintoists in the war between Buddhists and Shintoists in the year587CE, the Mononobe( 物部) clan was destined to run its course to ruin. But what was theMononobe clan? The word mononofu, synonym for samurai, was derived from the name ofthis clan. So, we can easily assume that Mononobe was a representative clan of ancientwarriors. Furthermore, it also means that this clan shouldered the military industry, and asa result, the majority of other industry of that period.According to the myths, Nighihayahi, ancestor god of the Mononobe clan, came to Japan,ahead of Ninighi, ancestor god of the Emperor’s family. Transferring the political power tothe Emperor’s family, Mononobe had maintained a certain important position within theEmperor’s government. We will search for and consider the Mononobe legends and theirlegendary places which still remain in present day Osaka.In Nihon-shok(i 日本書紀), we find an impressive tale of Mononobe’s vassal Tottori-noyorozu(鳥取万), who valiantly fought to the death in the above religious war and of hisfaithful dog who continued to protect his master’s corpse. We visit the legendary tombs ofthe dog and of his master. Tottori is also the place name of the extreme South Osaka. Hatajinnja(波汰神社)exists as the religious centre of this district and observes the ancient ritesand festivals. The remains of Kaieji( 海会寺), a few kilometres from Hata-jinja, shows usthe Tottori people’s reformation to Buddhism. In Nihon-ryoiki( 日本霊異記), we can find aninteresting episode which tells of the Tottori people’s spiritual beliefs at that time.

著者

吉弘 憲介

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.99-113, 2020-03-10

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In Japan’s high elderly society, the private sector has had the role provided rental houses to besatisfied with safety life for older people since 2011 established regarding the law.Notably, the caring serviced housing for older people was increasing rapidly after 2011.However, the caring serviced housing number, price, and condition vary according to prefecturearea and corporate type.This survey appears in varying housing conditions and geographical features of the caring servicedhousing for older people by using a statistical approach and GIS.

著者

大島 一二 西野 真由

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.1-13, 2020-12-10

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In this paper, we examined the actual situation of accepting foreign workers in Taiwan fromvarious statistical data.In recent years, Taiwan’s declining birthrate, aging population, and declining population haveincreased the working conditions demanded by domestic workers, and have caused a seriouslabor shortage, particularly in the construction, manufacturing, and service industries. Therefore,the number of foreign simple workers is increasing rapidly to compensate for the labor shortage. These circumstances have much in common with Japan.The wage levels of foreign single workers are not significantly different from those of Taiwanese workers in the same industry. In other words, Taiwan is recognized as an important workforce to solve the labor shortage more serious than hiring cheap labor.Dependence on foreign unskilled workers is expected to increase in Taiwan in the future,but there are also some issues that we are facing. First, it is uncertain whether it will be possible to secure a labor force as before. Increasing crime and disappearance by foreign workersis also a major issue.

著者

小池 誠

出版者

桃山学院大学総合研究所

雑誌

桃山学院大学総合研究所紀要 = ST. ANDREW'S UNIVERSITY BULLETIN OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (ISSN:1346048X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.61-80, 2020-12-10

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This paper is the second report on the research project titled "Interdisciplinary Study of Mutual Cultural Exchange between Japan and Indonesia(II)," which was funded by the ResearchInstitute of St. Andrew's University. Formerly, most people living in Jakarta and other big citiesin Java were not familiar with the name of Sumba Island, located on the periphery of easternIndonesia, one of the country's most sparsely populated and impoverished regions. Since fourIndonesian films shot on Sumba were released in the 2010s, however, the island has becomepopular as a tourist destination. Recent development of tourism is significant, as shown by statistics issued by local governments of East Nusa Tenggara Province and East Sumba Regency.The number of tourists visiting East Sumba increased annually from 2012 to 2017, with the increasing rate of domestic tourists more conspicuous than that of international tourists. This paper aims to explore how filmmakers based in Jakarta have represented the landscapes and cultures of Sumba and how these cinematic images attract tourists living in urban areas and influence the development of tourism on Sumba. The paper also discusses the importance of socialmedia from which people acquire travel information. This study of tourism focuses on four Indonesian films. Pendekar Tongkat Emas(The Golden Cane Warrior)is a martial-arts film directed by Ifa Isfansyah and released in 2014. The producers, Mira Lesmana and Riri Riza, selectedSumba as the shooting location for a legendary story developing in an anonymous land. Thesecond film, Susah Sinyal(Handphone is Difficult to be Connected), is a comedy directed byErnest Prakasa. Sumba appears as a vacation spot for a busy lawyer and her daughter living inJakarta. The third is Marlina si Pembunuh dalam Empat Babak(Marlina the Murderer in FourActs), a 2017 drama directed by Mouly Surya. The fourth is Humba Dreams, a 2019 film directedby Riri Riza and produced by Mira Lesmana, which depicts the growth of a Sumbanese studentcoming back from Jakarta. Rugged and undulating savannah hills and valleys, which are totallydifferent from Javanese landscapes, are highlighted in all the films. Especially, the film SusahSinyal depicts unique and beautiful tourist destinations such as Walakiri Beach and TanggeduWaterfall in East Sumba. In addition to films, social media that are prevalent among Indonesiansare contributing to the increase in domestic tourists. Most people can obtain sightseeing information easily by using smartphones. Visitors also often post photos they take at tourist destinations, as well as comments, on Instagram. These contents attract more tourists to Sumba aswell.