著者

万谷 志郎 的場 幸雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.666-672, 1963-04-01 (Released:2010-10-12)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

8 7

---

Equilibrium of phosphorus-carbon-oxygen in liquid iron in contact with a mixture of solid calcium phosphate and calcium oxide was studied in a controlled gas atomosphere of CO-CO2 gas mixture in the range of 0.03-1.2% of phosphorus in liquid iron at 1530.., 1560.., and 1585... It was found that the stable phase of calcium phosphate was of tetracalcium phosphate, 4CaO.P205, at the presence of free lime in this experiments.The results obtained were summerized as follows: (1)(1b)(1c)(2)(2b)(2c)(3)(3b)(3c)

著者

的場 幸雄 平田 賢 遠藤 倫正

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.7, pp.874-879, 1983-05-01 (Released:2009-06-30)

著者

玉木 輝幸 村上 健一 潮田 浩作

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.3, pp.211-220, 2015 (Released:2015-02-28)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

A local curvature multi-vertex model was developed. This model is a straightforward two-dimensional topological network model based on physical principles that consider the local curvatures of grain boundaries and the grain boundary tensions at triple junctions. Virtual vertices are set on the grain boundaries in order to calculate the driving forces of grain boundary and triple junction migration. Therefore, the accuracy of the developed model is higher than that of the conventional curvature model and the vertex model. In the proposed model, the generation and annihilation of virtual vertices maintained a proper configuration of virtual vertices, and high accuracy is expected with a suitable set of simulation parameters. The proposed model was verified by the grain growth simulation using adequately determined parameters for the artificially generated specimens with 5040 grains.

著者

松田 昭一 岡村 義弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.226-238, 1974-02-01 (Released:2010-10-12)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

14 25

---

The process of formation of austenite has been studied in low-carbon low alloy steels. The specimens with acicular structures such as martensite, bainite or tempered martensite are heated at temperatures between Ac1 and Ac3. The structual changes in these specimens during heating are observed in detail.The main results are as follows.1) Austenitizing processes are divided into two stages. In the first stage globular austenites are formed accompanying the dissolution of cementite. Acicular austenites are as well formed at an early stage.2) In the second stage a globular austenite is formed by the coalescence of the acicular austenite grains and those formed in the both stages grow to form extended austenite grains.3)γ′ transformation prevails in a boron containing steel.Based on these results, it is proposed that the reverse transformation are mainly controlled by the rate of recrystallization of austenite.

著者

宮入 裕夫 木嶋 芳雄 永井 正洋

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.4, pp.303-308, 2007-04-01 (Released:2009-01-30)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3 3

---

This paper examined adhesive properties of steel coating alkid-melamine film (silica content 30 wt%) that has the relations between surface treatments of steel coating and thickness of steel coats. Especially we experimentally studied the influenced factors of adhesive properties between steel surface treatments and strength of coating film by using the interfacial cutting system (Saicas method).

著者

中村 修 山本 哲也 上野 和之 髙谷 幸司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.2, pp.88-92, 2015 (Released:2015-01-31)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

6

---

Numerical simulation of lance-jet impinging on a liquid free surface was carried out and validated against the experimental data of Ueno et al. [Tetsu-to-Hagané, 101 (2015), 74]. Computational domain was separated to lance domain and water-bath domain. Lance domain was solved as single phase of compressible gas and the result was used to inlet boundary condition of water-bath domain by volume of fluid method (VOF) solver. Large eddy simulation (LES) was used and both solver are a part of OpenFOAM, open source CFD toolkit. The time average of depth and diameter of cavity was almost consistent with the experiment. The standard deviation was 10-20% of the time average and slightly larger than that of the experiment. Simulation showed that sloshing of water surface might enhance the spitting phenomena.

著者

中川 祐介 多田 雅毅 小島 克己 中丸 裕樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.1, pp.40-45, 2015 (Released:2014-12-31)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Fineness of ferrite grain is desirable for good surface quality of film laminated steel for drawn cans. And softness of steel is suitable for drawn cans from the view point of high formability. Generally, ultra low carbon steel (ULC) is soft, but it has coarse ferrite grains. On the other hand, low carbon steel (LC), which has fine ferrite grains, is hard and has poor formability, and therefore it is not suitable for drawing. In order to improve these contradictory properties, the amount of carbon and niobium in ULC steel is varied to control the size of precipitates of niobium carbide, which contribute to reduction of grain size. The study suggested that the newly developed steel has a potential to have an excellent balance of both properties.

著者

中山 武典 田中 秀和

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.9, pp.1089-1096, 2014 (Released:2014-08-31)

参考文献数

106

被引用文献数

1 8

---

Progress of corrosion science and corrosion engineering of steels has been reviewed. Case histories of atmospheric corrosion including research and development of weathering steels, and environmental degradation such as stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion fatigue of steels were explained in detail. Finally, future subjects that should be done for better understanding of corrosion and corrosion control of steels were proposed.

著者

大沼 郁雄 石田 清仁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.9, pp.1050-1061, 2014 (Released:2014-08-31)

参考文献数

81

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The methodology of phase diagrams and that of alloy design were reviewed. The construction of a thermodynamic database for multicomponent systems by the CALPHAD method are shown, where the first principles calculations play a significant role in the estimation of thermodynamic properties of metastable phases. Some examples of alloy design for advanced materials using phase diagrams are shown in Pb-free machinable steels, high strength steels with low density, superelastic Fe-based and Cu-based alloys, magnetic recording media of Co-Cr-based alloys and Co-based superalloys.

著者

大塚 秀幸 V.A. Dinh 大野 隆央 津﨑 兼彰 土谷 浩一 佐原 亮二 北澤 英明 中村 照美

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.10, pp.1329-1338, 2014 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

10

---

The effects of carbon content on tetragonality and magnetic moment of bcc iron have been evaluated by first-principles calculation. Three kinds of supercells, Fe54C1, Fe54C2 and Fe128C1 (which correspond to Fe-0.40C, Fe-0.79 and Fe-0.17C mass%, respectively) are used for the calculation of tetragonality and magnetic moment of Fe-C system. Main results obtained are as follows. (1) The total energy and mechanical energy of the Fe-C system with carbon atom at the octahedral sites are smaller than those with carbon atom at the tetragonal sites. The carbon atom at octahedral site produces fairly large expansion in one direction. (2) Tetragonality of Fe-C system obtained by first-principles calculation increases linearly with increasing carbon content and agrees well with experimental results. The average magnetic moment of an Fe atom increases with increasing carbon content. (3) The magnetic moment of an Fe atom at the nearest neighbor of carbon atom is lower than that of pure iron and increases with increasing distance between the iron and carbon atoms. The projected density of states shows a hybridization with main contributions from Fe d and C p states which leads to the above mentioned decrease of the magnetic moment of an Fe atom. (4) In Fe54C2, tetragonality and magnetic moment of iron atom change with the distance between two carbon atoms. The value of tetragonality is either 0.981, 1.036 or 1.090. When the dumbbell structure which consists of the first carbon atom and its two nearest neighbor iron atoms is perpendicular to the second dumbbell structure which consists of the second carbon atom and its two nearest neighbor iron atoms, the tetragonality is 0.981 and does not agree with experimental value. The mechanical energy is relatively large. On the other hand, when the first dumbbell structure is parallel to the second dumbbell structure, the tetragonality is 1.036 which agrees well with experimental data. The mechanical energy is relatively small. When straight C-Fe-C pair is formed, tetragonality is 1.090. (5) In Fe54C2, formation enthalpy is relatively low when the calculated tetragonality is 1.036, and the existence probability under the assumption of Boltzmann distribution is high. In other cases, the existence probability is nearly zero. (6) The average magnetic moment of an Fe atom is proportional to volume, but not in a clear relation with tetragonality. It is considered that the increase of magnetic moment of an Fe atom by the addition of carbon atom is mainly due to the magneto-volume effect but not due to the tetragonality effect.

著者

滝本 正

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.10, pp.1348-1356, 1984-08-01 (Released:2009-06-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

12

著者

工藤 純一 八木 順一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.15, pp.2020-2027, 1987-11-01 (Released:2010-01-19)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

8

---

An attempt was made on the simultaneous analysis of the gas flow and heat transfer in the blast furnace by a mathematical model which considered complex structure and nonuniform sink and source terms for both heat and mass. ERGUN'S equation was used for the equation of motion of gas and potential flow approximation was used for the equation of solid flow. Two dimensional distribution for the velocities of gas and solid was obtained numerically by applying the finite element method with quadratic elements. Fundamental equations of heat transfer on gas and solids were composed of the terms for convection, heat exchange and heat source. Numerical computation of the fundamental equations was carried out in accordance with the method of characteristics. In this analysis, sink and source terms regarding fusion of ore in the cohesive zone and combustion of coke in the raceway were incorporated in the mathematical model as well as radial distributions of particle size and void fraction. It was consequently found that the temperature distribution was affected principally by nonuniform gas flow and thermal flow ratio. Within the cohesive zone, strong consumption of heat by fusion of ore and decrease in the solids velocity appeared. These phenomena affected significantly the temperature distribution in the lower region of the blast furnace together with the generation of heat in the raceway region.

著者

朝倉 健太郎 柴田 浩司 原澤 進 澤幡 浩之 川手 稔

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.3, pp.375-380, 2003-03-01 (Released:2010-01-15)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

2

---

Alpha-particle track etching (ATE) method is widely used for the observation of boron distribution in steels. In this method, cellulose films are essential. The cellulose film named CN85 has been used in almost all boron observations by ATE method as a standard film. Recently, however, the production of this film was stopped and the stock seems to be almost exhausted. Therefore, finding the alternative films is urgently required. For this reason, in the present research, the quality of the ATE image, the activation by neutron irradiation and other properties of various kinds of films were examined and the following results were obtained. Industrial nitrocellulose (INC-2 and INC-3) films preprocessed in a lithium nitric acid showed suitable ATE images and can be recommended as the first candidate for the alternative film. Another industrial nitrocellulose (INC-4) film shows acceptable ATE images without any pre-process or pre-heat treatment for surface modification. But after the irradiation of neutron this film becomes radioactive through the generation of 60Co. Therefore, it is necessary to handle this film in a hot laboratory as an activation material. Acetyl cellulose and cellulose triacetate films are the third candidate of the new recommendable film and the ATE images are inferior compared with the nitrocellulose films above mentioned.

著者

八木澤 猛

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.9, pp.1721-1726, 1988-09-01 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

20

著者

山田 克美 井上 亮

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.7, pp.867-872, 2014 (Released:2014-06-30)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

3

---

Metallic materials as represented by steels mostly contain various precipitates such as nitrides, carbides and inter-metallic compounds in addition to non-metallic inclusions, oxides and sulfides. These are present as an inevitable former or by design. Those varieties, size and distribution types are very wide then one of important structural factors that affects on various properties of materials.Therefore, accurate analysis of them is considerable significance to control target properties of materials reproducibly. In the steel research field, study of analytical methods for inclusion in steels has been actively conducting since 1960’s. Especially in chemical analysis method, systematization and standardization like JIS has been promoted by corroborated researches in an ISIJ. Previously established methods and detail of analysis of chemical states have been described in publications edited by ISIJ and comprehensive review paper has been issued by Takayama. In this short article, direct observation methods with microscopy, rapid analysis categorized as instrumental analyses, non-destructive inspections and extraction method for non-metallic inclusions are briefly reviewed.

著者

醍醐 市朗 後藤 芳一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.6, pp.756-760, 2014 (Released:2014-05-31)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 7

---

In this study, a random sample of 107 steel bars from Japan and 26 steel bars from China were studied. Each specimen’s elemental composition of tramp elements, such as Cu, Cr, Ni, and Sn, was analyzed. By using the compositions of specific tramp elements, 99 of the 107 samples and 16 of the 26 samples were recognized as electric arc furnace steel. The distributions of the tramp element composition were obtained for the Japanese steel bars and represent a larger number of samples than previous studies. Those for the Chinese samples are the first published data. The compositions of Cu, Cr, Ni, and Sn in the Japanese bars are statistically significantly higher than those in the Chinese bars. Owing to the large gap between the Cu contents of the Japanese and Chinese samples, and the statistically significantly differences between the ratios of Cu to both Ni and Cr in the Japanese and Chinese samples, it is highly likely that copper-based materials are separated from steel scrap at a higher rate in China. The relationship between the Cu and Cr compositions suggested that the mixing of copper-based materials and special steels, which contribute to Cr contamination, differs between Japan and China. The distributions of the Cr composition for each country had larger standard deviations than the distributions of other elements. The ratio of the Cr and Ni compositions in the Chinese samples is less than 2.25, resulting in 18% Cr and 8% Ni in stainless steel. It was found that Ni from materials other than stainless steel was likely to have been included.

著者

松永 久 富永 忠男 王寺 睦満 田中 英夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.13, pp.1945-1952, 1977-11-01 (Released:2010-02-22)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

著者

長井 健介 篠原 康浩 津留 英司 石野 まゆ子 鈴木 徹也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.6, pp.267-274, 2012 (Released:2012-05-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 3

---

It has been well known that anisotropy in yield stress and the work-hardening rate is induced by pre-strain and aging. However, such an origin has not been adequately understood. In the present study, stress-strain curves in different directions were investigated after 2% pre-straining and post-heat treatment at 150°C in ferritic steel. When the applied strain path was changed to the orthogonal direction of the pre-straining path, the re-yield stress was lowered and the work-hardening rate in the low plastic strain was increased. The heat treatment following 2% pre-straining caused an increase of the re-yield stress in the parallel direction to the pre-strain and caused no change on the re-yield stress in the orthogonal direction. The work-hardening rate was increased in both directions after the heating. Electron back scatter diffraction pattern (EBSP) analysis was also conducted to measure the kernel average misorientation (KAM) value, which corresponded to the density of the geometrically necessary dislocation, on each [hkl]-oriented family grain for the pre-strained and the post-heated materials. The EBSP results indicated that heterogeneous work-hardening behavior among the [hkl]-oriented family grains could strongly effect the anisotropy induced by strain path change and aging.

著者

江見 俊彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.1, pp.31-58, 2014 (Released:2013-12-31)

参考文献数

87

被引用文献数

2 13

---

Progress of steelmaking technology in Japan over the last 100 years is reviewed covering hot metal treatment, primary steelmaking with open hearth furnaces, converters and electric arc furnaces, secondary refining of steel with degassers and ladle furnaces, and ingot-/continuous-casting.Key issues that contributed considerably to the progress of the unit processes are highlighted with scientific, technological and engineering breakthroughs involved. Systematization of the unit processes, that optimized full cost, productivity and quality of steel products to meet the constraints on the resources and socioeconomic demands of the steel market at times, is depicted as another key issue for the successful systematization.Possible future development of steel technology is briefly commented on the basis of the above observation.

著者

長谷川 正義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.14, pp.2169-2170, 1971-12-01 (Released:2010-10-12)