著者

Mohammad Al Mamun Nahid Rumana Kumkum Pervin Muhammad Chanchal Azad Nahid Shahana Sohel Reza Choudhury M Mostafa Zaman Tanvir Chowdhury Turin

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.30445, (Released:2015-12-18)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

8

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As a result of an epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases for last few decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are being considered as an important cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries including Bangladesh. Performing an extensive literature search, we compiled, summarized, and categorized the existing information about CVD mortality and morbidity among different clusters of Bangladeshi population. The present review reports that the burden of CVD in terms of mortality and morbidity is on the rise in Bangladesh. Despite a few non-communicable disease prevention and control programs currently running in Bangladesh, there is an urgent need for well-coordinated national intervention strategies and public health actions to minimize the CVD burden in Bangladesh. As the main challenge for CVD control in a developing country is unavailability of adequate epidemiological data related to various CVD events, the present review attempted to accumulate such data in the current context of Bangladesh. This may be of interest to all stakeholder groups working for CVD prevention and control across the country and globe.

著者

Haruo Ohnishi Yasushi Saito

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.18002, (Released:2013-09-18)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

20 72

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The clinical efficacy of fish oil and high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (hp-EPA-E) for treating cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported. Fish oil contains saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids that have pharmacological effects opposite to those of ω3 fatty acids (ω3). Moreover, ω3, such as EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), do not necessarily have the same metabolic and biological actions. This has obscured the clinical efficacy of ω3. Recently, the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS) of hp-EPA-E established the clinical efficacy of EPA for CVD, and higher levels of blood EPA, not DHA, were found to be associated with a lower incidence of major coronary events. A significant reduction in the risk of coronary events was observed when the ratio of EPA to arachidonic acid (AA) (EPA/AA) was >0.75. Furthermore,theratioofprostaglandin (PG) I3andPGI2 to thromboxane A2 (TXA2) ([PGI2+PGI3]/TXA2) was determined to have a linear relationship with the EPA/AA ratio as follows: (PGI2+PGI3)/TXA2=λ+π* (EPA/AA). Like PGI2, PGI3 not only inhibits platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction, but also is assumed to reduce cardiac ischemic injury and arteriosclerosis and promote angiogenesis. Thus, the effects of EPA in reducing the risk of CVD could be mediated by biological action of PGI3 in addition to hypotriglyceridemic action of EPA. Compared with DHA, EPA administration increases the EPA/AA ratio and the (PGI2+PGI3)/TXA2 balance to a state that inhibits the onset and/or progression of CVD.

著者

Moises Torres-Gonzalez Jeff S. Volek Jose O. Leite Heather Fraser Maria Luz Fernandez

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.5, pp.235-243, 2008 (Released:2008-11-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

4 9

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Aim: There is limited information on how dietary carbohydrate restriction (CR) or the combination of dietary cholesterol (chol) and CR may affect atherosclerosis development. Guinea pigs were used to evaluate the effects of chol and CR on aortic cholesterol accumulation, mechanical properties of aortas and cytokine production.Methods: Ten male guinea pigs were fed either low (L) or high (H) chol in combination with CR or high carbohydrate (control) for 12 wk.Results: Groups fed the high chol (control-H and CR-H) had significantly higher concentrations of cholesterol in aortas and higher activity of serum phospholipase A2 than the L groups. CR resulted in significantly lower concentrations of small LDL particles and aortic cytokines and chemokynes than the control groups. Aortas from the control-H and the CR-L were stiffer than those from the control-L and the CR-H groups. This finding could be explained by the reduction in arterial stiffness during the early stages of atherosclerotic.Conclusion: these results demonstrate that CR has a major impact on atherogenicity.

著者

Xian Fu Chuming Huang Ka Sing Wong Xiangyan Chen Qingchun Gao

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.33555, (Released:2016-04-05)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

19

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Aim: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been regarded as the “gold standard” measurement of arterial stiffness (AS), but it is still only used in the assessment of central and peripheral arteries. We constructed a new method to evaluate cerebral AS by measuring PWV using transcranial Doppler (TCD).Methods: In all, 90 healthy subjects who received annual health screening were consecutively enrolled in this study between January 2011 and June 2013. Data on clinical characteristics, brachium–ankle (ba) PWV, and carotid–cerebral (cc) PWV measured with our newly constructed method by two experienced operators were recorded. cc PWV was calculated as the distance between two points in the common carotid artery and proximal part of ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, which was divided by the pulse transit time between these two points where the pulse was measured using TCD.Results: The value of cc PWV was 499.3±78.6 cm/s. Correlation between cc PWV and ba PWV in the assessment of AS was r=0.794 (P<0.001). The concordance between both the above mentioned methods was good. Interobserver and intraobserver reliability using interclass correlation for measuring cc PWV were 0.815 (P<0.001) and 0.939 (P<0.001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, older age (β=4.51, P<0.001) and increased diastolic blood pressure (β=2.39, P<0.001) were independently associated with higher cc PWV.Conclusion: cc PWV measured using TCD may be a promising method for the assessment of human cerebral AS, which is independently associated with age and diastolic blood pressure.

著者

Hiroshi Mabuchi

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.RV16008, (Released:2017-02-08)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

79

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disease characterized by a triad: elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, tendon xanthomas, and premature coronary heart disease. Thus, it can be considered as a model disease for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). For the diagnosis of hetero-FH, the detection of Achilles tendon xanthomas by palpation or on X-ray is an indispensable diagnostic skill in clinical lipidology. To prevent the under-diagnosis and under-treatment of FH, the diagnostic criteria should be more convenient and user-friendly. For a patient with cutaneous or tendon xanthomas, the probability of FH is very high; however, an absence of xanthoma does not rule out FH.Brown and Goldstein elucidated the pathogenesis of FH by their work on LDL-receptor (LDL-R), for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1985. In the 1950s, FH patients were divided into heterozygous (hetero-) and homozygous (homo-) FH, and diagnosing homo- and hetero-FH based on the phenotypic features of ASCVD or xanthomas frequently became difficult without the DNA analysis of FH genes. It is estimated that heterozygous mutations in the LDL-R or the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene will be found at a combined frequency of 0.005, which corresponds to 1/199 people in the general population in Japan.Statins and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies are highly specific and efficient drugs for treating hetero- or homo-FH patients. Most clinical studies have reported an amelioration of ASCVD using long-term statin therapy. Clinical results using anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies will emerge in a few years. In homo-FH patients, mipomersen and lomitapide are expected to yield good results. It is important to sequentially unravel the unrecognized pathogenetic mechanisms of FH to reduce its under-recognition and develop new management strategies for it.

著者

Raul D. Santos Thiago S. Frauches Ana P.M. Chacra

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.31237, (Released:2015-07-21)

参考文献数

103

被引用文献数

3 16

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Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder associated with elevated LDL-cholesterol and high lifetime cardiovascular risk. Both clinical and molecular cascade screening programs have been implemented to increase early definition and treatment. In this systematic review, we discuss the main issues found in 65 different articles related to cascade screening and familial hypercholesterolemia, covering a range of topics including different types/strategies, considerations both positive and negative regarding cascade screening in general and associated with the different strategies, cost and coverage consideration, direct and indirect contact with patients, public policy around life insurance and doctor–patient confidentiality, the “right to know,” and public health concerns regarding familial hypercholesterolemia.

著者

Hideo Ohira Wao Tsutsui Yoshio Fujioka

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.RV17006, (Released:2017-05-27)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

344

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Intestinal flora (microbiota) have recently attracted attention among lipid and carbohydrate metabolism researchers. Microbiota metabolize resistant starches and dietary fibers through fermentation and decomposition, and provide short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the host. The major SCFAs acetates, propionate and butyrate, have different production ratios and physiological activities. Several receptors for SCFAs have been identified as the G-protein coupled receptor 41/free fatty acid receptor 3 (GPR41/FFAR3), GPR43/FFAR2, GPR109A, and olfactory receptor 78, which are present in intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells, and adipocytes, despite their expression levels differing between tissues and cell types. Many studies have indicated that SCFAs exhibit a wide range of functions from immune regulation to metabolism in a variety of tissues and organs, and therefore have both a direct and indirect influence on our bodies. This review will focus on SCFAs, especially butyrate, and their effects on various inflammatory mechanisms including atherosclerosis. In the future, SCFAs may provide new insights into understanding the pathophysiology of chronic inflammation, metabolic disorders, and atherosclerosis, and we can expect the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these diseases.

著者

Masashi Tanaka Shinya Masuda Yoshiyuki Matsuo Yousuke Sasaki Hajime Yamakage Kazuya Muranaka Hiromichi Wada Koji Hasegawa Tetsuya Tsukahara Akira Shimatsu Noriko Satoh-Asahara

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.32680, (Released:2016-03-18)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 14

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Aim: This study aims to determine the association between glucose metabolism and proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory properties of circulating monocytes or those of carotid plaques in patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy.Methods: Clinical characteristics and expression levels of proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory markers in circulating monocytes/carotid plaques were examined in 12 patients with diabetes and 12patients without diabetes.Results: Circulating monocytes from patients with diabetes revealed higher tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and lower interleukin (IL)-10 expression levels compared with those from patients without diabetes, which was also observed in carotid plaques from patients with diabetes. Hyperglycemia revealed positive and negative correlations with the ratios of IL-6+ and IL-10+ cells in carotid plaques, respectively. Moreover, we determined a positive correlation between circulating monocytes and carotid plaques with respect to TNF-α and IL-6 expressions.Conclusions: The inflammatory property of circulating monocytes was associated with that of carotid plaques. Hyperglycemia increased inflammatory properties and decreased anti-inflammatory properties of carotid plaques.

著者

Shigeatsu Hashimoto Masato Nagai Shingo Fukuma Tetsuya Ohira Mitsuaki Hosoya Seiji Yasumura Hiroaki Satoh Hitoshi Suzuki Akira Sakai Akira Ohtsuru Yukihiko Kawasaki Atsushi Takahashi Kotaro Ozasa Gen Kobashi Kenji Kamiya Shunichi Yamashita Shun-ichi Fukuhara Hitoshi Ohto Masafumi Abe the Fukushima Health Management Survey Group

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.35824, (Released:2016-09-13)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

44

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Aim: After the Great East Japan Earthquake, over 160,000 residents near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant were forced to evacuate due to a nuclear accident. Health problems in these evacuees have since become major issues. We examined the association between evacuation and incidence of metabolic syndrome (METS) among residents in Fukushima.Methods: We conducted a cohort study among residents aged 40-74 years without METS at the time of the disaster in Fukushima. Among 20,269 residents who met the inclusion criteria before the disaster, 8,547 residents (3,697 men and 4,850 women; follow-up proportion: 42.2%) remained available for follow-up examinations after the disaster by the end of March 2013. The main outcome was incidence of METS, defined by guidelines from the Japanese committee, using data from the Comprehensive Health Check before and after the disaster. We divided participants by evacuation status and compared outcomes between groups. Using a logistic regression model, we estimated the odds ratio for incidence of METS, adjusting for potential confounders, age, gender, waist circumference, exercise habit, and alcohol consumption.Results: Incidence of METS was higher in evacuees (men 19.2%, women 6.6%) than in non-evacuees (men 11.0%, women 4.6%). Evacuees had higher body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose after the disaster than non-evacuees. We found a significant association between evacuation and incidence of METS (adjusted odds ratio 1.72, 95% confidence interval; 1.46-2.02).Conclusion: This is the first study to demonstrate that evacuation after a disaster is associated with increased incidence of METS.

著者

Takao Sato Tomoki Kameyama Takashi Ohori Akira Matsuki Hiroshi Inoue

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23390, (Released:2014-05-16)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

1 15

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Aim: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a pathogenic fat depot that may be associated with coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Because eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been reported to exert cardiovascular protective effects, we aimed to assess the effects of EPA on the volume of visceral adipose tissue, including EAT and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (AVAT), using multislice computed tomography (CT). Methods: In 30 patients with coronary artery diseases (9 women; mean age, 67.2±5.4 years), EAT and AVAT volumes were compared between the control group (n=15, conventional therapy) and the EPA group (n=15, conventional therapy plus purified EPA 1800 mg/day) during a six-month period. EAT was defined as any pixel that had CT attenuation of -150 to -30 Hounsfield units (HU) within the pericardial sac. Results: After the six-month follow-up, the serum EPA level increased from 59.9±18.8 to 177.2± 3.3 μg/mL in the EPA group (p<0.01), but no increase was noted in the control group. Similarly, the EPA/arachidonic acid (AA) ratio increased from 0.39±0.12 to 1.22±0.28 in the EPA group (p<0.01), with no significant increase in the control group. The AVAT and EAT volumes decreased in the EPA group but were unchanged in the control group (AVAT, −11.6±17.0 vs. +8.8±13.6 cm2, p<0.01; EAT, −7.3±8.3 vs. +8.7±8.8 cm3, p<0.01). Moreover, the change in the AVAT volume negatively correlated with the change in EPA (r=−0.58, p<0.01) and EPA/AA levels (r=−0.53, p<0.01). A similar negative correlation in these parameters was also observed for the EAT volume. Conclusions: Oral intake of purified EPA appears to be associated with reductions in EAT and AVAT volumes.

著者

Miyako Yuasa-Kawase Daisaku Masuda Taiji Yamashita Ryota Kawase Hajime Nakaoka Miwako Inagaki Kazuhiro Nakatani Kazumi Tsubakio-Yamamoto Tohru Ohama Akifumi Matsuyama Makoto Nishida Masato Ishigami Toshiharu Kawamoto Issei Komuro Shizuya Yamashita

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.263-275, 2012 (Released:2012-03-26)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

9 32

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Aim: The clustering of dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and hypertension increases the morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular events. A class B scavenger receptor, CD36, is a receptor for oxidized LDL and a transporter of long-chain fatty acids. Because of the impaired uptake of oxidized LDL in CD36-deficient macrophages and from the results of CD36 knockout mice, CD36 deficiency (CD36-D) was supposed to be associated with reduced risks for coronary artery disease (CAD); however, CD36-D patients are often accompanied by a clustering of coronary risk factors. The current study aimed to investigate the morbidity and severity of cardiovascular diseases in CD36-D patients.Methods: By screening for CD36 antigen on platelets and monocytes using FACS or the absent myocardial accumulation of 123I-BMIPP by scintigraphy, 40 patients with type I CD36-D were collected, the morbidity of CAD and their features of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases were observed. Screening for CD36-D in both CAD patients (n =319) and healthy subjects (n =1,239) were underwent.Results: The morbidity of CAD was significantly higher in CD36-D patients than in the general population; 50% of patients (20 out of 40) had CAD identified by BMIPP scintigraphy and 37.5% (3 out of 8) by FACS screening, respectively. Three representative CD36-D cases demonstrated severe CAD and atherosclerosis. The frequency of CD36-D was three times higher in CAD patients than in healthy subjects (0.9% vs 0.3%, p <0.0001).Conclusion: The morbidity of CAD is significantly higher in CD36-D patients suffering from severe atherosclerosis, implying that the status of CD36-D might be atherogenic.

著者

小林 正義 佐野 隆一 藤井 豊 及川 真一 阿部 隆三 後藤 由夫 山内 祐一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

動脈硬化 (ISSN:03862682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.5, pp.1155-1160, 1986-12-01 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

16

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Lipids metabolism during prolonged fasting (10-days complete fasting) has been studied in 23 psychosomatic patients (9 male and 14 female, average 29.2 y. o.), who had no metabolic disease.During the fasting period, serum F.F.A. and Cholesterol levels significantly elevated (p<0.001).In the lipoprotein fraction, LDL-cholesterol and LDL-triglyceride (d: 1.006-1.063) significantly elevated by fasting (p<0.001), but VLDL-triglyceri de (d;<1.006) decreased (p<0.05).The increase of LDL reflected the increase of LDL2-fraction (d; 1.019-1.063), and this was related to thyroid hormone levels. T3 levels decreased during prolonged fasting (p<0.01).It was considered that increase of LDL was related to the decrease of LDL-receptor activity which was dependent on T3-levels.

著者

Tatsuro Aikawa Tetsuro Miyazaki Kazunori Shimada Yurina Sugita Megumi Shimizu Shohei Ouchi Tomoyasu Kadoguchi Yasutaka Yokoyama Tomoyuki Shiozawa Masaru Hiki Shuhei Takahashi Hamad Al Shahi Shizuyuki Dohi Atsushi Amano Hiroyuki Daida

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.38315, (Released:2017-03-22)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

17

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Aim: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been reported to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, whether omega-3 PUFAs are involved in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) remains unclear.Methods: We analyzed 67 consecutive patients admitted for the elective surgical repair of AAA. We investigated the association of serum EPA and DHA levels as well as the EPA/AA ratio with the size of AAA assessed using three-dimensional reconstructed computed tomography images.Results: Mean patient age was 70±9 years and 60 patients were male. Serum EPA and DHA levels were 75.2±35.7 μg/mL and 146.1±48.5 μg/mL, respectively. EPA/AA ratio was 0.44±0.22, which was lower than those in healthy Japanese subject and equivalent to those in Japanese patients with coronary artery disease as previously reported. Mean of the maximum AAA diameter was 56.4±8.9 mm, and serum EPA levels and EPA/AA ratio negatively correlated with it (r=−0.32 and r=−0.32, respectively). Multiple liner regression analysis showed that EPA levels were significant independent factor contributing to the maximum AAA diameter. Furthermore, low serum EPA levels and low EPA/AA ratio were significantly associated with the growth rate of AAA diameter (r=−0.43 and r=−0.33, respectively).Conclusion: EPA levels in patients with AAA were relatively low. Low serum EPA levels and EPA/AA ratio were associated with the size and growth rate of AAA.

著者

Chizuko Maruyama Rena Nakano Mitsuha Shima Asumi Mae Yuri Shijo Eri Nakamura Yuuna Okabe Sunmi Park Noriko Kameyama Satomi Hirai Mamoru Nakanishi Kagehiro Uchida Hiroshi Nishiyama

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.36780, (Released:2016-09-21)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

19

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Aim: We conducted a pilot study to clarify the effects of the Japan Diet nutritional education program on metabolic risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in middle-aged men who were brought up in the westernized dietary environment of modern Japan.Methods: Thirty-three men, 30–49 years of age, attended a nutrition education class to learn food items and recommended volumes comprising the Japan Diet (more fish, soybeans and soy products, vegetables, seaweed, mushrooms and unrefined cereals, and less animal fat, meat and poultry with fat, sweets, desserts and snacks, and alcoholic drinks), and were encouraged to consume the Japan Diet for 6 weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured and 3-day weighted dietary records were kept before and at completion of the intervention.Results: Ninety-one percent of participants showed improvements in more than one cardiovascular risk factor after 6 weeks. Body weight, serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, malondialdehyde modified (MDA)-LDL and triglyceride concentrations decreased significantly, while high density lipoprotein cholesterol was unchanged. Fish, soy, and sum of seaweed, mushrooms and konjak intakes doubled, and green and yellow vegetable intakes also increased as compared to baseline. Meanwhile, intakes of refined cereals, meat and poultry, sweets, desserts and snacks, and margarine and shortening decreased. Total energy, lipid, and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid intakes decreased, while n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, dietary fiber, beta-carotene, vitamins D and K, potassium, and magnesium increased, with no change in sodium intake.Conclusions: The Japan Diet is suggested to improve atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors in middle-aged Japanese men.The clinical trial registration number: UMIN000020639.

著者

Hiroshi Deguchi Yajnavalka Banerjee Darlene J. Elias John H. Griffin.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.32201, (Released:2016-05-09)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2 14

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Aim: Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is an important lipid transfer factor in plasma that enhances prothrombinase activity in purified systems. This study was conducted to test the association of plasma CETP activity with venous thrombosis (VTE) and to address the procoagulant mechanism of CETP activity in prothrombinase assays.Methods: We measured CETP lipid transfer activity in plasmas of 49 male VTE patients and in plasmas of matched controls. CETP procoagulant activity was tested in purified prothrombinase systems.Results: CETP lipid transfer activity levels were significantly higher in VTE patients than in controls (p=0.0008). A subset of patients carrying the CETP mutations Ala373Pro and Arg451Gln, which were also linked to the VTE risk, showed significantly higher plasma CETP activity than the noncarriers. The plasma CETP activity negatively correlated with APTT, suggesting that the CETP activity is associated with plasma coagulability. Recombinant (r) CETP bound to both factor Xa (Kd=15 nM) and Gla-domainless factor Xa (Kd=59 nM), whereas rCETP enhanced prothrombin activation by factor Xa, but not by Gla-domainless factor Xa. rCETP also required factor Va for enhancement of prothrombinase activity. When we addressed the effects of mutations in CETP on prothrombinase activity, Gln451-rCETP was found to have five-fold higher thrombin generation activity than wt-rCETP or Pro373-rCETP.Conclusions: Elevated CETP lipid transfer activity in plasma was associated with the risk of VTE. Gln451-CETP, which is linked to VTE, has much higher procoagulant activity than wt-CETP. CETP might act as a physiologic procoagulant by mechanisms that involve its direct binding to factor Xa.

著者

Yoshitsune Miyagi Mariko Harada-Shiba Takao Ohta

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.31666, (Released:2015-10-27)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by a high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. We report 4-year-old dichorionic diamniotic twins (boy and girl) with FH who presented with multiple xanthomas on the face, both knees, both feet, and buttocks. Family history revealed vertical transmission of hypercholesterolemia from father to patients, thereby suggesting dominant inheritance. Lipid data of their mother did not match the criteria of FH. However, lipid data of maternal grandmother and maternal sister matched the criteria of FH. LDL receptor gene analysis of the family revealed that their father was heterozygous for a missense mutation, L547V, their mother was heterozygous for a nonsense mutation, C675X, and patients were compound heterozygous for L547V and C675X. After 10 months of treatment with pitavastatin (2 mg/day) and ezetimibe (10 mg/day), LDL-C decreased from 595 mg/dL to 267 mg/dL in the boy and from 530 mg/dL to 182 mg/dL in the girl. These findings suggest that lipid-lowering therapy with statin may be considered in pediatric patients with compound heterozygous FH (hetero FH) before inducing LDL apheresis, and gene analysis for true diagnosis in pediatric patients with multiple xanthomas should be considered, though they appear to be hetero FH from the family history and lipid data of parents.

著者

Takayuki Ishida Satoko Naoe Masanori Nakakuki Hiroyuki Kawano Kazunori Imada

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.28167, (Released:2015-05-27)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1 21

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Aim: Vascular endothelial dysfunction is considered an early predictor of atherosclerosis. It has been proven that elevated blood levels of free fatty acids pose a substantial risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we examined the effects of palmitic acid (PA), a saturated fatty acid, on endothelial function by using the expression of adhesion molecule, cytokines, and inflammatory protein as indicators, as well as investigated the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid, an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid.Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to PA and EPA.Results: When HUVEC were exposed to PA, there was an increase in the expression of adhesion molecule, cytokines, and inflammatory protein (ICAM-1, MCP-1, interleukin-6, PTX3). PA augmented the expression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and enhanced the phosphorylation of p65, a component of NF-κB. ACSL inhibition and siRNA-mediated ACSL3 knockdown suppressed the PA-induced increase in the expression of adhesion molecule, cytokines, and inflammatory protein, and ACSL inhibition suppressed the enhancement of p65 phosphorylation. In addition, p21 knockdown suppressed the PA-induced increase in the expression of MCP-1 and ICAM-1. EPA suppressed the PA-induced increase in the expression of ACSL and p21, the enhancement of p65 phosphorylation, as well as the associated increase in the expression of ICAM-1, MCP-1, interleukin-6, and PTX3.Conclusions: These results suggest that the ACSL, p21, and NF-κB-dependent pathway may possibly be involved in PA-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction, and that EPA ameliorates this at least in part through the regulation of ACSL3 expression.

著者

Hidenori Arai Akira Yamamoto Yuji Matsuzawa Yasushi Saito Nobuhiro Yamada Shinichi Oikawa Hiroshi Mabuchi Tamio Teramoto Jun Sasaki Noriaki Nakaya Hiroshige Itakura Yuichi Ishikawa Yasuyoshi Ouchi Hiroshi Horibe Nobuo Shirahashi Toru Kita

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.202-208, 2006 (Released:2006-08-15)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

87 126

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To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Japanese general population, we analyzed data from a nationwide survey conducted in 2000. According to the Japanese new diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome in 2005, we analyzed 3,264 people aged from 20 to 79 (men, 1,917; women, 1,347) from the total participants. The incidence of metabolic syndrome was 7.8%. Men had a higher incidence (12.1%) than women (1.7%). Most of the women satisfying the criteria were 50 years old or over, while the incidence in men started to rise from their 30s. When we applied the criteria of Adult Treatment Panel III, the incidence was about 3-fold higher. In this population visceral obesity was associated with metabolic abnormalities, such as higher LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and blood pressure and lower HDL-cholesterol. Thus we determined the incidence of metabolic syndrome and each metabolic abnormality in the Japanese general population in 2000 and found an association of visceral obesity with metabolic abnormalities. Intervention to reduce the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Japan is necessary to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

著者

米満 吉和 居石 克夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

動脈硬化 (ISSN:03862682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.6, pp.179-187, 2000-04-20 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

48

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Virus infection as a pathogen in human vascular diseases has been an important and unsolved issue to be studied. According to Koch's postulates, several conditions should be met to define an organism as a pathogen of human disease: especially, 1) to confirm the whole or a part of structure of microorganism including genomic DNA or RNA in the human material, 2) whether infection of microorganism can induce similar disease in mammals. Several bacterias such as Chlamydia pneumoniae or Hericobactor pylori have been studied according to these postulates, however, it has been hazardous for virus research to establish animal model due to species-specificity or tropism. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of these candidates, and HCMV DNA has been frequently detected in the both normal and disordered aorta, however, it is sure that presence of viral genome does not always imply its pathogenecity. As important evidences indicating the pathogenesity of HCMV in human vascular diseases, our recent studies demonstrated virus-specific gene transcription in the surgical specimens of “inflammatory” aortic aneurysms but not in any other human aortic tissue, and also exhibited that the immediate early (IE) gene product stimulates vascular smooth muscle proliferation in rabbit carotid arteries. Whereas these findings suggest the pathogenic ability of HCMV in human vascular tree, some issues to be sollved including the reason why HCMV-IE does not induce any inflammatory response in rabbit. Clearly the immune system is varied among the species and this point should be studied very carefully. Overall, although it seems nearly slow, we consider that the studies for virus etiology in human vascular disorders are now getting progression.

著者

八木 俊一 市川 秀一 酒巻 哲夫 高山 嘉朗 村田 和彦 菅井 芳郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

動脈硬化 (ISSN:03862682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.205-208, 1987-04-01 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

5

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We usually measure blood pressure of hemiparetic stroke patients with the intact upper arm. It is unclear whether the values of blood pressure of the paretic arms are higher or lower than those of the intact contralateral arms. Simultaneous measurements of blood pressure of bilateral arms of stroke patients were carried out using two automatic manometers in the present study.Subjects were forty-seven stroke patients in chronic phase. Thirty patients were diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage and seventeen were the patients with cerebral infarction. Twenty patients had right hemiparesis and twenty-seven patients were with left hemiparesis. The patients were supine position for fifteen minutes before measurement of blood pressure. Blood pressure of bilateral arms was determined by inflating simultaneously cuffs after these of the two automatic manometers (TAKEDA MEDICAL, UA-254) attached to the both sides. Measurements were performed three times successively every minute, the manometers were changed with each other and three more determinations were carried out. The mean values for these six measurements were compared in each side of the paretic and intact arms. For the comparison of the thickness of each arm, we measured the circumference of bilateral arms at the 5cm proximal point from the elbow joint. P value of <0.05 was considered significant.Blood pressure of the paretic arm was 131±3mmHg (mean ± SE) in systolic and 83±1mmHg in diastolic. Blood pressure of the intact arm was 129±3mmHg in systolic and 78±1mmHg in diastolic. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the paretic arm were significantly (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively) higher than those of the intact arm. The circumference of the paretic arm did not differ from that of the intact arm (21.6<0.3cm versus 21.9<0.3 cm).Because we have often observed muscle atrophy or edema in paretic extremities of stroke patients, the difference of blood pressure could be expected between the paretic and intact arm. In this study, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the paretic arm were higher than those of the intact arm. The difference of blood pressure does not seem to arise from unfitness of width of manometer's cuff for arm thickness since the thickness of paretic arm did not differ from that of intact arm.