著者

大野 眞男

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.109-120, 2004-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The central vowels in the Northern Ryukyu dialects are historically thought to have been formed by the following four processes: (I) centralization of the vowel [e], (II) centralization of the vowel [u] following the consonants [s・z・c], (III) the coalescence of diphthongs [ai・ae] and IV) the assimilation to the central vowel in an adjacent syllable. Among these, process II brought about the condition of the so-called "Hitotsugana-ben" throughout most of the Ryukyu dialects except the Northern Amami dialect. So the absense of process II can be considered one of the remarkable characteristics of the Northern Amami dialect. Again, the proto-condition for process I, prevalent in all dialects of the Amami regeon, and process II must have included such a contrast as ^*Ci/Ce/Cu (C=s,z,c). This contrast can be interpreted to have changed into the following situations present in current Northern Amami dialects: (1) Ci[i]/Ce[ï]/Cu [u] observed in Yoro, (2) Ci[i]/Ce = Cu[ï] observed in peripheral area of Ooshima, Ci=Ce[i]/Cu[u] observed in Kikai, Ci = Cu[ï]/Ce[i] observed in north part of Tokunoshima, and (3) Ci = Ce = Cu[ï〜i] observed in Naze and often refered to as "Hitotsugana-Ben". Historically (1) is considered to be the oldest situation. This was followed by (2), which was brought about by the merger of the various parts of (1). Lastly, stage (3) was brought about by the merger of the remaining independent part of (2).

著者

小澤 由嗣 今泉 敏

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.5-14, 2004-12-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Recent advances in neuro-cognitive and brain-imaging studies on speech communication are reviewed and their potential contributions to phonetic science are discussed. Topics are referred from brain imaging research on the role of emotional prosody for mind reading from speech, and on the neural processes of reading and sentence generation, as well as acquisition mechanisms of phonetic categories and neural plasticity.

著者

本多 清志

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.8-18, 1998-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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The x-ray microbeam system is a unique instrument to measure the movements of multiple flesh-points of speech articulators, and the recently updated system at the University of Wisconsin provides the most reliable means among available all methods. This review describes the summary of the system, the author's experience and recent studies by several researchers. Recent progress in particular is the development of the speech production database of English and Japanese speakers, which elucidates articulatory variability, speaker characteristics, and dynamic behavior of soft-tissue speech organs based on the comparison of a large number of subjects.

著者

林 安紀子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.29-34, 2003-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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In this paper, several studies about infants' ability to discriminate languages between birth and 4-5 months were reviewed. In the rhythmic class acquisition hypothesis, infants' initial sensitivity to rhythmic classes would allow them to specify the common rhythmic properties of their native rhythmic class, and from this they would develop an associated metrical segmentation procedure. In addition,several studies about American infants' ability to extract word-like units from fluent speech were reviewed. Finally, several studies about Japanese infants' sensitivity to the typical rhythm pattern based on morae of Japanese baby words were reviewed.

著者

前川 喜久雄 田嶋 圭一 清水 克正 正木 信夫 加藤 宏明

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.80-84, 1999-12-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

田中 伸一

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.12-15, 2017-04-30 (Released:2017-09-12)

参考文献数

15

著者

邊 姫京

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.1-21, 2018-08-30 (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

42

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the ability of Japanese native speakers to identify the Tokyo accent, which is standard Japanese. A total of 126 university students from four areas, where their accents have different systems, participated in a perception test eight times over the course of one month. The data collected were analyzed in terms of the number of tests, intonation types, accent patterns, number of morae, type of morae, and type of special morae. Error analysis was also conducted. The rate of correct answers got better with each test regardless of accent system and reached 87% in the last test for listeners of Tokyo-shiki (Tokyo type) accent, 83% for listeners of no accent, 80% for listeners of Keihan-shiki (Kyoto-Osaka type) accent, and 69% for listeners of Nikei-shiki (two patterns) accent. The findings will help develop tools to improve listening skills for the Tokyo accent.

著者

早田 輝洋

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.37-44, 1997-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The Central Dialect of Heian Japanese exhibits three tonal melodies and one fall in pitch accent, if any. The fall mark accent should not be treated as part of a tonal melody. They are both specified in the underlying lexical items, but are mutually independent. It is argued that a downstep existed in this dialect from an autosegmental perspective. Some revisions are made in treating the tone of the imperfective participle ending ru and the ku-nominalization. The imperative yo and the vocative yo are shown to be tonally distinct and to be two different morphemes. The tone of the perfective ari and the copula nari, and the behavior of the third tonal melody are also dealt with.

著者

中田 ひとみ

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.62, 2009-08-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

中路 信子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.1-3, 2012-04-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

被引用文献数

1

著者

平子 達也

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.16-29, 2012-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper is a critical review of Elisabeth M. de Boer's The Historical Development of Japanese Tone (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010). Traditionally, Kindaichi Haruhiko's reconstruction of the accentual system of Middle Kyoto Japanese has been widely accepted. About thirty years ago, however, an alternative theory was proposed by Samuel Robert Ramsey, according to which the tone values that Kindaichi had reconstructed as 'high' and 'low' are exactly reversed. De Boer, in her book, re-evaluates and builds on Ramsey's theory, while (almost) all other scholars have ignored it. In this paper, I introduce and review her book critically, and discuss some issues in the historical study of Japanese accent.

著者

清水 誠治

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.30-38, 2006-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This manuscript concentrates heavily on the fact that the accent in the Tanohama dialect of Seiyo City in Ehime Prefecture is determined by the moraic structure of the word. It also touches briefly upon phonetic factors such as the notion that sounds in the "ga" row of the Japanese syllabary are sometimes pronounced with a [ŋ] and that sounds in the "ka" and "ta" rows of the syllabary are sometimes produced with a sound that is close to the voiced [g] [d].

著者

前川 喜久雄

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.7-17, 2006-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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We witnessed remarkably rapid development of the linguistic study of intonation during the last 25 years or so. Two main factors that seemed to enabled this development were analyzed in the first half of the paper, namely, progresses in the generative grammatical treatment of intonation, and, development of digital speech processing technology. The last half of the paper was devoted to the discussion of current issues that requires further investigation; these include classification of paralinguistic information, definition of accentual phrase in Japanese, classification of phrase-final intonation contours, intonation of dialects, phonetic features other than the F0 that contribute to the perception of intonation, and, issues related to the techniques of digital speech analysis.

著者

藤本 雅子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.50-59, 2005-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

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The glottal opening pattern during /CVC/ (voiceless consonant- vowel- voiceless consonant) sequences was examined using photoelectric glottography (PGG). The subject was a male speaker of Osaka dialect whose devoicing rate is less frequent than speakers of Tokyo dialect (standard Japanese). Results revealed that, for many of the devoiced tokens, the glottal opening showed a bimodal pattern, i.e. two independent openings, each corresponding to a voiceless consonant overlapping with each other and accompanied by a closing movement in between. This pattern differs from the mono-modal pattern for the Tokyo speakers in previous studies, in which higher level control of speech production is presumably involved. This suggests that the devoicing of the Osaka speaker in question is not controlled by a categorically-determined command such as phonological rules. The results also demonstrated that the degree of glottal opening was greater for fricatives than for stops, and in word initial than in word medial position. This is consistent with previous studies, suggesting that these features are common to Tokyo and Osaka speakers.

著者

邊 姫京

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.23-37, 2016-08-30 (Released:2017-07-04)

参考文献数

58

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The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the diachronic change in Voice Onset Time (VOT) of Korean word-initial stops associated with gender differences. Seventy-four native speakers of Seoul Korean, aged 15–59 years (born 1955–1999), were recruited for the production test. The results presently indicate three discernible stages of sound change in VOT value of stops—distinction, overlap, and merger—and females lead the change in VOT. As of 2015, Males in their 40s and 50s have a clear distinction in VOT between lenis and aspirated stops, while males in their 30s and under overlap the two stops but do not merge them. On the other hand, females in their 40s and 50s overlap the VOT between lenis and aspirated stops, whereas females in their 30s and under completely merge the two stops.

著者

日本音声学会編

出版者

日本音声学会

巻号頁・発行日

1995

著者

中井 幸比古

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.19-29, 2006-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper describes the accentual system of the Sanagishima Dialect, centering on (1) the opposition and neutralization of two registers (low-level register and high-level register), (2) phonological interpretations of tonal patterns which occur in quasi-complementary distribution conditioned by vowel aperture and morpheme boundary, and (3) accent changes in progress which influence the interpretations of the accentual system.

著者

亀田 裕見

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.5-18, 2006-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In Ibuki Island, Kagawa Prefecture, a "kako-shiki (declining)" accent is observed by some scholars. Judged with the aural impressions, the previous studies have stated that this accent pattern has subtle declining tone from the second mora to the third mora. In this article, we measure frequency movements of this accent and compare them with those of the words in the second mora nucleus type accents. The result is as follows. The difference clearly exists between the kako-shiki accent and the other accents on Ibuki Island. And the peak position of frequency movement does not always exists between the second mora and the third mora. In addition, we collect samples of the small declining tones in three different places in the northeastern Shikoku area. We try to extract frequency movement patterns in each mora, and to characterize these patterns.

著者

KAWAHARA Shigeto

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.102-110, 2016

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<p>As a case study of the general theme of this special issue—"different phonetic realizations of different social characters", this paper explores prosodic features of two types of prototypical maid voices, which have been emerging in recent Japanese culture: "moe" and "tsun". Two professional voice actresses read simple Japanese SOV sentences in three types of voices: Moe, tsun, and normal. Acoustic analyses show that the moe voice is characterized by higher f0 and louder voice than the normal voice, whereas the tsun voice is characterized by lower f0 and quieter voice. The current study also finds that the speakers manipulate H-tone targets more extensively than L-tone targets to differentiate different speech styles, which is compatible with some previous studies and models of intonation. In terms of its research value, the current findings may not be ground-breaking; however, an additional value of this research lies in the fact that this sort of material makes phonetic analyses more accessible to the general public as well as to students in undergraduate education. To that end, some sample sounds are made available at http://bit.ly/1WCu5DA.</p>

著者

氏平 明

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.65-75, 1999-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the nature of disfluencies produced by stutterers and normal speakers of Japanese. The first part of the paper reports the result of a detailed analysis of over 2000 stuttering samples (repetition) produced by 36 stutterers and 286 normal speakers. The analysis has revealed that most of the segmentation patterns in the samples are mora-based segmentations. The second part is to seek the difference between stutterers' and normal speakers' repetitions. The statistic analysis from the viewpoint of a phonetic transition defect has revealed that the trigger of nonstutterers' disfluency is not so relevant to the phonetic transition as that of stutterers'. This implies that the two kinds of disfluencies have different backgrounds. On the other hand, the triggers of stuttering, which are stops, can be interpreted as stutterers' flaws in their phonetic plans. This finding makes up for a weak point of The Covert Repair Hypothesis.