著者

肥爪 周二

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.5-13, 2004-08-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Making morphemes within a word distinct while keeping the word's coherence might be considered opposites. In this paper, I deal with four types of compounds in ancient and modern Japanese, and argue that the two tasks function effectively and are entirely compatible. The compounds dealt with in this paper are (i) /Q/-inserting compounds in modern Japanese: ma-Q-siro, huto-Q-para, kore-Q-kiri, and (ii) Rendaku (or sequential voicing): yama-bato, tani-gawa, sato-bito, (iii) compounds attested to be pronounced as two independent accent phrases in ancient Japanese, and (iv) vowel elision in consecutive vowels in compounds in ancient Japanese.

著者

立石 浩一

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.34-43, 2002-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Lexical strata as a part of grammar have been assumed to account for various phonotactic (un)markedness in certain groups of lexical items. In particular, the reranking hypothesis of Ito and Mester (1995a,b) and the indexed FAITH hypothesis of Fukazawa (1998) had triggered disputes and discussions among scholars on the fundamental organization of phonological grammar. This article will examine approaches to the sublexicon, and show problems with the aforementioned studies. In particular, the emergence of the unmarked patterns in the marked vocabulary classes presents a serious problem.

著者

榊原 志代

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.59-75, 2008-12-30

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This paper examined how interpersonal relationships can be expressed prosodically in the Italian greeting "Buongiorno". A factor analysis of the perceptual ratings of natural utterances yielded two factors: (1) psychological distance based on intimacy, and (2) power relationship. Correlation analyses showed that the level of intimacy can be reflected in the rise of F0 in the first syllable and/or in the fall of F0 in the final syllable. Moreover, not only the direction of F0 movement but also its range and the syllable duration seemed to reflect psychological and power relationships.

著者

梶川 祥世

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.48-54, 2007-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Infants begin to learn various features of their native language before they speak. Prosody is one of those features that infants learn at a very early developmental stage and plays an important role in language acquisition. This paper reviews previous developmental studies on prosody perception and production, and discusses future subjects. The role of prosody is first described in language discrimination, speech discrimination, and word segmentation from fluent speech. The paper follows by focusing on acquisition of stress accent in English and pitch accent in Japanese.

著者

筧 一彦 広瀬 友紀

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.3, pp.23-28, 1997-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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In languages such as Japanese, hearers often encounter a sequence of more than two identical vowels. We investigated how, and to what extent a hearer can successfully segment each mora in such consecutive vowel series. In the following experimental reports, we particularly discuss effects of prosodic information such as pitch pattern and rhythm of speech. We argue that various kinds of information (pitch, rhythm, duration, lexical information) contribute to the segmentation of three or more consecutive vowels.

著者

青井 隼人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.16-24, 2010-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper discusses a cross-linguistically uncommon vowel attested in Southern Ryukyuan, i.e. a type of unrounded central high vowel with a certain laminal modification, which Uemura (2000) labels as a "laminal vowel" based on his subjective observation. By providing new palatographic and linguographic data of the Miyako-Tarama variety of Southern Ryukyuan, I examine Uemura's description, and describe important phonetic detail of the "laminal vowel" and other relevant sounds. In order to explore an adequate phonetic interpretation of the "laminal vowel", I utilize a phonetic classificatory distinction of [flat] vs. [grooved] proposed by Pike (1971).

著者

児玉 望

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.27-42, 2014-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The author argues that the loss of Proto-Japanese right edge tone, a possible source of the pitch accent HL, left the lexical tone systems in Kyushu with only non-falling tones: H+ (high level), L+{(low level with the right edge rise), L+H (slow rising), and LH+ (fast rising). The present-day tonal variants in Kyushu are explained as outcomes of the combinations of four major innovations, of which two are mutually exclusive: (1) the merging of L+{, L+H and LH+, (2) the shifting of H+ to LH+} or L+{(H+}) with the phonemicization of the previously phonetic falling edge tone,}, (3) the raising of L+ in L+{and L+H, which gave rise to the pitch accent H]H, and (4) LH+ taking on word-initial accentuation.

著者

KAWAHARA Shigeto KUMAGAI Gakuji

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.111-116, 2019

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<p>Recent studies show that sound symbolic principles are operative in Pokémon characters' names; e.g., those characters with names that contain more voiced obstruents tend to be larger and heavier (Kawahara et al. 2018b). One question that arose from this line of research is whether other attributes of Pokémon—specifically their types—show any tangible effects of sound symbolism. This question is related to the more general issue of what kinds of semantic attributes/dimensions can be signaled by sound symbolism. In answer to this question, Hosokawa et al. (2018) showed that the dark type characters are more likely to contain voiced stops and less likely to contain labial consonants in their names than the fairy type characters. The current judgment experiment shows that these associations are productive. Moreover, the effect sizes of sound symbolism were not correlated with each participant's familiarity with Pokémon, suggesting that the sound symbolic knowledge is more abstract than what can be gleaned from the Pokémon lexicon.</p>

著者

木部 暢子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.42-48, 2001

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In this paper I report two kinds of sound changes in Kagoshima dialect. First, I report close vowel's changes, such as [a?] (<aki, 'autumn'), [a?] (<aʒi, 'taste'), [a?] (<abu, 'horsefly'), [a?] (<aku, 'harshness'). These changes, commonly called 'nisshoka', are caused by devoicing final [i] or [u]. Second, I report alveolar's changes in Segami dialect, spoken in Kami-Koshiki island, Kagoshima prefecture, such as [arama] (<atama, 'head'), [abuja] (<abura, 'oil'), [neːzii] (neːzu, 'temperature'), [kuːnu] (<kudzu, 'trash'). In this dialect, these changes occurred very systematically, and so the distinction between /t/, /r/, /c/ and /d/ was not lost after the changes.

著者

天野 成昭 近藤 公久

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.44-50, 2000-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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NTT psycholinguistic databases "Lexical Properties of Japanese" were developed for the large number of Japanese words and characters. The databases contain word and character information such as familiarity, frequency of occurrence, appropriateness of accent, appropriateness of orthography, subjective complexity, and other important psycholinguistic properties. Words and characters satisfying multiple search conditions can be very efficiently obtained for stimuli in psycholinguistic experiments, which was impossible without the database in past days. The databases provide a basis for psycholinguistic research on Japanese.

著者

井上 栄 杉原 義文

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.107, 2012-12-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

岸江 信介 村田 真実

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.34-46, 2012-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper describes the conditions of how the merger in Class 4 and 5 bimoraic nouns is developing around the Keihan area. This occurrence of the merger originated from Osaka and has clearly spread around the Kinki and Shikoku areas. However, the diffusion of the merger has not affected the Tokyo-type accent. It can be said that the change of Class 4 from LLH to LHL causes the disappearance tendency of the low-beginning unaccented category and also has a disproportionate effect on Keihan accent system due to this change.

著者

上野 善道

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.42-54, 2000-04-28 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

2

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The aim of this paper is to describe some characteristics of the accents of the Amami dialects, as compared with those of Mainland Japanese dialects. The following points are discussed with concrete examples: (1) there is great variation among the dialects, (2) many dialects have multi-peak patterns, (3) N-pattern accent systems are dominant, with multi-pattern accent systems found as well, and (4) there are various kinds of accentual alternations. The historical aspects of Amami accent are also sketched: (5) I propose proto-categories for accent, and (6) three types of origins for accent are found and discussed. Lastly, I propose that the traditional analysis of syllable structure must be revised to capture the general nature of accentual alternations.

著者

波多野 博顕 石井 カルロス寿憲

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.1-11, 2017-04-30 (Released:2017-09-12)

参考文献数

37

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The aim of this paper is to clarify the relationships among the phrase final tones of questioning utterances, the pragmatic factor, and the linguistic factor. We extracted questioning utterances from 54 conversations by 25 speakers and classified them according to the degree of information request and the sentence final particles. Tones were classified into the five tones based on its acoustic features. The main findings of the study are shown as below. The relationships between the rising tone and the pragmatic factor are coordinating. The relationships between the rising tone and the linguistic factor are complementary.

著者

松森 晶子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.30-40, 2012-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

3

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Based on the descriptive studies of some 3-patterned and 2-patterned accentual systems in Northern Ryukyuan (Amami-Okinawa region), this research report proposes a list of vocabulary classified according to groups of accentual or tonal patterns which are supposed to exist for nouns, verbs, and adjectives in Proto-Ryukyuan. The list contains the vocabulary belonging to A, B, and C categories for nouns, and A and B categories for verbs and adjectives. Labelling these categories as "Keiretsu (categories)" and the vocabulary list as "Keiretsu-betsu goi," the paper argues that the vocabulary list will be useful in future field research on synchronic as well as diachronic studies on accent and phonology of the Ryukyuan linguistic systems.

著者

アーウィン マーク

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.69-80, 2004-08-31

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日本語の歴史的音韻学の定説の中で,音便というのは未だに不透明な部分もあり,中古語で発生した複雑な音変化群を示す。しかしながら,Frellesvigの『A Case Study in Diachronic Phonology - The Japanese Onbin Sound Changes』という著作が1995年に出版されるまで,ある意味では,音便の音変化の働きに関する特徴の理解,殊に音便の誘引や動機づけの理解が浅薄だったと言えるであろう。このFrellesvigの通時的な音韻学の例示研究はAndersenが60年代から開発した言語学理論の枠組の内で製作されたものの,Andersonの理論は記号学やヨーロッパの構造言語学に基づいたものである。この論文では,音便を定義し要約したのち,現象の誘引や動機づけを吟味しながら,現在までの学識及び観点の異なるFrellesvigの理論についても考察する。

著者

吉田 和彦

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.5-13, 2003-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The primitive form of what has now been widespread as the laryngeal theory was first proposed by Saussure in his brilliant study of 1879. Although the theory made many contributions to our understanding of problems in Indo-European historical phonology since then, it still plays a major part in solving long-standing puzzling issues. In fact, the most significant achievement in the field of the past two decades is probably the further development of the laryngeal theory. It is particularly important that recent findings within the framework of this theory have enabled us to see many seemingly isolated facts in a wider perspective of ablauting paradigms.

著者

李 活雄 村島 健一郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.98-104, 2002-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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This paper is concerned with how n-/l- (or r-) variation in loanwords among Cantonese speakers in Hong Kong takes place in different phonetic environments. Previous researches point out that the ongoing merger of n- into l- in a syllable initial position in Cantonese often has influences on the borrowing of words from other languages and the learning of foreign languages. For example, when they introduce English words into Cantonese, Cantonese speakers are likely to realise n- as l- like "notes" /nouts/ as [lok. si]. Our survey with 204 non-sense words written in Japanese hiragana, however, shows that there is no statistical significance between the percentage of errors of n- and l- (or r-) in any phonetic environment except when a nasal precedes r-. In that case, it is realised as n- significantly. The result may suggest that n-/l- (or r-) variation in loanwords among the Cantonese speakers occurs in a two-way manner, namely n- → l- and l- → n-, which is a new finding when compared with the previous researches.

著者

梶 茂樹

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.37-45, 2001-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The Bantu languages of Africa show various tone types, ranging from pure tone languages to non-tonal languages. In this paper the author analyses the tone system of nouns in two languges: Tembo (J.57, eastern Congo) and Haya (J.22, northwestern Tanzania). With Tembo it is demonstrated that in this language each mora in principle should be marked either as high, low, falling or rising (the last two being combinations of high and low). The number of partterns increases in geometric progression. Tembo, therefore, can be characterized as a polymoraic tone language. In Haya, however, the number of tone patterns increases in arithmetic progression, as a function of the number of the syllables in the stem. High tone has become accentual in nature in Haya, in which only one high tone syllable per word is permitted in isolation. For typological reasons, examples of Safwa (M.25) and Swahili (G.42) are added to illustrate a language in which the number of patterns remains stable regardless of the number of the syllables (Safwa), and a bound accent language (Swahili).

著者

湯川 恭敏

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.31-41, 1998-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

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The aim of this paper is to show the linguistically interesting tonal phenomena in Bantu languages which have been found by the author so far. In §1 difficulties of the phonemic analysis of tone often encountered in the research of Bantu languages are discussed. In §2 several tonal phenomena concerning nouns (especially, tone variations of nouns) are presented, and in §3 some phenomena concerning the tonal figures of verbs of a few languages are given. The languages dealt with in this paper include: Tonga, Nguni, Sambaa, Sotho-Tswana, Nande, Kikuyu, Kwanyama, Sukuma, Nkoya, Mongo, Herero, and Chaga (Machame).