著者

Kazuaki Ichizaki

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.1-12, 2016-12-30 (Released:2017-07-04)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3

---

President Obama's public speeches and private dialogues were phonetically analyzed. Prominence, both in speeches and in dialogues, depended on pitch change most, pitch second, and sound pressure third. In the speeches, non-falling tones were used at the end of more than 1/3 of the tone groups and the percentage of non-falling tones at nuclei was around 40%. The speeches consisted of 60–70% speech and 40–30% pause. Although little difference was noticed in the frequency of pause appearance between the speeches and the dialogues, the average length of pause was more than 2.3 times in the speeches. The slow-down in the speeches was not caused by the rate of articulation but by the longer pauses. For emphasis, there were the rate reduction at the tone group to emphasize, or the sound lengthening at the item just before the emphasized tone group with the greatest rate, and conversely the rate elevation at the tone group preceding it.

著者

日比谷 潤子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.63, 1997-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

This volume presents a comprehensive discussion of the major topics and concepts of phonetics. The main body of the book falls into two parts, General Phonetics and English Phonetics, which are subdivided into ten and seven chapters respectively. At the beginning of the second part, the author provides a well-balanced introduction to regional and social varieties of English. The best merit of the present work lies in the fact that the author undertakes a very appropriate attempt to include several chapters on Japanese phonetics. On the whole, this book makes clear and informative reading for those generally interested in general and English phonetics as well as those interested in Japanese phonetics.

著者

藤本 雅子

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.44-53, 2014-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

Previous studies on sokuon, or Japanese geminate consonants, have mainly focused on the acoustic properties. Some studies claim that laryngeal characteristics also differ between sokuon and singletons. However, physiological studies on sokuon are not well explored. This study uses a high-speed digital video system and PGG to examine whether any laryngeal/glottal tension takes place in producing sokuon. The results showed that no apparent laryngeal constriction or glottal stop appeared during sokuon. However, the analysis of PGG and kymograph showed that the glottal opening tends to be suppressed during sokuon during the onset part, suggesting that some kind of tension of the vocal folds is involved in producing the phoneme.

著者

郡 史郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.52-68, 2006-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

2

---

Through searches on the Internet using Google, 396 adjective expressions that immediately precede the noun kutyoo (tone of voice) were identified as candidates for the major types of Japanese speech styles. Thirty-seven percent of them characterize the speaker's emotional, physical or social state, 31% describe the social or psychological relationship between the speaker and the hearer, and 17% concern the styles used in particular situations or of particular speakers. Comparisons with the results of other searches using Google performed 11 months later and with those using Yahoo! JAPAN Search revealed that there are 16 kutyoos that are constantly used with high frequency on the Internet. They are, in frequency order, tuyoi (strong), meeree (commanding), yasasii (gentle), teeneena (polite), kibisii (severe), odayakana (mild), ikari (angry), karui (light, not heavy), sizukana (quiet), tantantosita (plain), kitui (stern), otituita (calm), hagesii (violent), setumee (explaining), reesee (cool), and dantee (assertive) tones of voice. A multidimensional scaling analysis of perceived similarities among these kutyoos suggests that they can be grouped into 12 categories of speech style.

著者

宮島 崇浩 菊池 英明 白井 克彦 大川 茂樹

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.10-23, 2013-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

This paper explains the procedure to enhance the expressiveness in acted speech. We designed our own "format of acting script" referring to the theory of drama and created 280 acting scripts. We presented these acting scripts as acting directions to three actresses and collected 840 speech data. For comparison, using typical emotional words as acting directions, we also collected 160 speech data from each actress. Then, we compared tendencies of various features of each data type and each speaker and found that our acting scripts are effective on the enhancement of expressiveness in acted speech psychologically/acoustically.

著者

須藤 路子 望月 明人 伊藤 憲治 桐野 衛二

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.1-9, 2014

---

本研究では,日本人大学生45名を被験者とし,第二言語習熟度に関連すると思われる社会認知能力と運動能力を検討した。具体的にはまず,英語習熟度をTOEICのリスニング,リーディングおよび合計スコアに加え,読解速度と語彙力により求めた。社会認知能力は,Baron-Cohenが開発した3種の社会性指標で求め,さらにワーキングメモリ容量を算出した。学習者の運動能力については,反復横跳び,垂直跳び,握力,長座体前屈,12分間走により,5種類の基本身体能力を測定した。検査課題で得られた英語習熟度と両能力の結果を相関解析した。社会認知能力に関し,男性では共感指数は語彙力と負の相関を示し,語彙力の高い学習者は対人関係に敏感でない傾向が示唆された。運動能力に関し,12分間走と垂直跳びが英語習熟度に関連していることから,第二言語習得に関し学習者は根気強さとエネルギーが必要であることを明らかにした。言語習熟度と他の能力との相互関係に,男女差が影響を与えている可能性も示唆した。

著者

大庭 真人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.112, 2009-12-30 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

岩田 礼

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, pp.18-27, 2001

被引用文献数

1

---

金沢大学人間社会研究域歴史言語文化学系

著者

川原 繁人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 = Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.38-42, 2017-08

著者

秋永 一枝

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.94-95, 1998

著者

前川 喜久雄 籠宮 隆之 小磯 花絵 小椋 秀樹 菊池 英明

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.51-61, 2000-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

2

---

Compilation of a large-scale corpus of spontaneous Japanese monologue is underway as a joint work of the National Language Research Institute (under the Agency of Cultural Affairs) and the Communications Research Laboratory (under Ministry of Post and Telecommunication). The corpus will contain about 700 hours of digitized speech (about 7 million morphemes), its transcription, and various tagging information such as POS information. Phonological labels (segmental as well as prosodic) will be provided for a subset of the corpus. The corpus will become publicly available in the spring of 2004.

著者

郡 史郎

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.34-53, 2008

---

The level of phonetic realization of lexical accent (reduced level, which, in the case of words with an accent kernel, is exhibited by a low F0 value, or full level) is one of the major determinants of sentence intonation in Tokyo Japanese. Three experiments were conducted to provide evidence to support the author's previous claim that the reduction of accent level is triggered by semantically restrictive modification, and not by syntax. In Experiment 1, F0 values of the first two constituents of [[A[BC]]D] and [A[[BC]D]] were compared. The results indicated the irrelevance of overall syntactic branching structure for the accent level. In Experiments 2 and 3, peak F0 values of nouns with an accent kernel in semantically restrictive and non-restrictive conditions were investigated acoustically and perceptually. The results supported the prediction: nouns have lower F0 values when they are semantically restricted by the directly preceding modifier than when they are not.

著者

内田 照久

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.71-86, 1998-12-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

This study found that segment duration is perceived categorically in Japanese. Using a speech time-scale modification algorithm, PICOLA plus 2, the nonword /kesonato/ pronounced by a native Japanese male was manipulated to generate stimulus continua. The durations of /s/, /n/, /a/, and /t/ closure interval were manipulated in four continua. In the first experiment, three stimulus pairs which had the same disparity in duration were selected from the short, long, and middle region of each continuum. Forty-eight randomized trials were presented to twenty native Japanese, who were asked individually to distinguish the stimuli by the ABX method. Pairs from the short and long regions of the continua were not accurately discriminated while pairs from the middle region were. In the second experiment, 44 stimuli were selected from every continuum. They were presented to the subjects for identification in Hiragana (Japanese characters). The second result demonstrated the existence of a moraic phoneme boundary paralleling the discrimination peak in the first experiment. This research concluded that native Japanese perceive the duration of relatively steady-static sounds categorically. And also it is suggested that native Japanese utilize an automatic duration detection routine.

著者

北村 達也 天川 雄太 波多野 博顕

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.165-173, 2019

---

<p>おそ下がりは,アクセント核に後続するモーラに基本周波数の下がり目が生じる現象である。本研究では,東京方言話者の男性21名,女性27名,計48名が読み上げた230語の単語音声を対象にしておそ下がりの生起条件を調査した。その結果,おそ下がりは(1)男性よりも女性の方が生じやすい,(2)中高型よりも頭高型の語に現れやすい,(3)語に含まれるモーラ数が多い方が現れやすい,(4)アクセント核のあるモーラに後続するモーラに広母音を持つ語で現れやすいことが示された。</p>

著者

今泉 敏

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.46-53, 1998-08-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures weak magnetic fields generated by neuronal activities of the human brain during various information processing. It enables reseachers to estimate which part of the brain is active at which phase of information processing with high temporal and spatial resolutions without any bio-hazards. Neuromagnetic approaches to phonetics are providing new insights on neuronal mechanisms including bottom-up and top-down processes responsible for phonetic categorization and spoken language processing, based on which some of the controversial issues in conventional phonetics may be resolved in the future.

著者

有元 光彦

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.19-26, 2001-12-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

---

The te-form verbs in the (West-)Kyushu dialects have a characteristic behavior in the verb conjugation system, which we call the "te-form phenomenon". This phonological phenomenon is that so-called SOKU-ON or HATSU-ON appears, corresponding to te in the standard dialect. This phenomenon depends on the difference of the stem-final segment. The te-form phenomenon is different across dialects. We assume that the e-deletion rule is the core of four rules governing this phenomenon. Differences of dialects are reflected in the applicational environment of the e-deletion rule. In addition, we discovered a "pseudo te-form phenomenon", which is partially similar to te-form phenomenon.

著者

マンソン ベンジャミン コイン アレキサンダー

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.48-59, 2010

---

/s/から/∫/の連続体が聴取者に提示される場合,摩擦音は女性が発した母音と組み合わせた場合のほうが男性の発した母音と組み合わせた場合よりもより/∫/と同定されることが先行研究から明らかになっている。また,その効果が最も顕著に現れるのは,話者が非典型的な女性や男性と判断される場合よりも典型的な女性や男性の声と判断される場合であるとされている(Strand and Johnson 1996,Munson et al.2006)。本研究では/sigh-shy/と/sigh thigh/の連続体の聴取者の判断を測定することによってこの現象について更に検討した。刺激語は男性と女性が自然に発話した/<aI>/に/s/-/∫/と/s/-/θ/の連続体を結合し,基本周波数やフォルマント周波数を上下にデジタル修正して作成した。実験は話者情報を何も知らないグループ(/unbiased/),刺激語は全体的な声の高さが変化していると告げられたグループ(/height biased/),そして刺激語は話者のさまざま年齢が違うと告げられたグループ(/age biased/)という3つのグループで行われた。その結果,二種類の摩擦音の連続体は男性と女性の/<aI>/と組み合わされた場合に異なる知覚がなされることが明らかになった。フォルマント周波数と基本周波数の変化度合いは両方の刺激語の連続体の知覚に影響を及ぼしたが,/s/-/∫/のほうが/s/-/θ/よりもその影響が強かった。また,年齢にバイアスがあるグループは声の高さにバイアスがあるグループよりもバイアスがないグループと反応パターンに類似していた。このことから,フォルマント周波数と基本周波数の変化は声の高さの違いよりも年齢の違いにあらわれていると解釈することができる。

著者

白田 理人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.23-40, 2021

---

<p>喜界島小野津方言の呼称名詞(親族呼称や呼びかけに使われる人名)は,母音の長さの交替と音調型の点で特殊な振る舞いを示す。本稿は,呼称名詞の音韻的特徴について記述した上で,呼びかけの下降イントネーションが呼称名詞の語彙的な特徴に通時的変化を及ぼしたことを主張する。本稿において提案する仮説は,呼称名詞にアクセント型の推移と長母音化の二つの連続的な変化が起こったというものである。このうち二番目に起きた変化が,最も音韻的独立性の低い助詞によって部分的に阻止されたため,呼称名詞の特殊性が生じたと考えられる。</p>

著者

白田 理人

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.23-40, 2021-04-30 (Released:2021-04-30)

参考文献数

37

---

喜界島小野津方言の呼称名詞(親族呼称や呼びかけに使われる人名)は,母音の長さの交替と音調型の点で特殊な振る舞いを示す。本稿は,呼称名詞の音韻的特徴について記述した上で,呼びかけの下降イントネーションが呼称名詞の語彙的な特徴に通時的変化を及ぼしたことを主張する。本稿において提案する仮説は,呼称名詞にアクセント型の推移と長母音化の二つの連続的な変化が起こったというものである。このうち二番目に起きた変化が,最も音韻的独立性の低い助詞によって部分的に阻止されたため,呼称名詞の特殊性が生じたと考えられる。

著者

中東 靖恵

出版者

日本音声学会

雑誌

音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.72-82, 1998-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

被引用文献数

1

---

The aim of this study is to clarify the phonetic features and problems of pronunciation of English and Japanese by Korean native speakers based on the results of listening and pronunciation tests. It is valuable to compare the English pronunciation of Korean speakers with their Japanese pronunciation from the viewpoint of a contrastive analysis of the English, Japanese and Korean languages, as well as to make an analysis using data obtained from both listening and pronunciation tests. Analysis of the data led to the following three conclusions: 1. There is much first language interference when learning a second language; 2. Such interference occurs when the first language differs from the second language not only on the phonological level but also on the phonetic level; 3. Even when the multiple second languages have identical or similar phonological and phonetic features, first language interference does not always occur.