著者

林 徹

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.59-64, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

6

---

A lot of research on start-up conditions focuses on the social environment, i.e., trait or occupation of his/her parents, level of living, educational settings, intercourse of acquaintances or friends, enterprising settings, psychological appraisal for start-ups, financial support for start-ups, etc. It is true that some financial support or subsidy plays an important role for start-ups especially at initial stage. But such kind of support does not always make start-ups successful in the long run. Financial support seems not sufficient but necessary condition. This paper proves that the sufficient condition for star-ups stems from so-called "strong ties,” i.e., spouses, lovers, work associates, bosses, subordinates, business counterparts, and acquaintances or friends, etc. That finding is verified through the actual investigation which was done in September 2014 by the internet questionnaire toward entrepreneurs (n=1,030) in Japan who have kept their own businesses more than 2 years. While so-called "weak ties" are said to play an important role in occupational transfer processes of white-collar workers, this study illuminates that "strong ties" rather than weak ties play a crucial role in star-up processes.

著者

安本 雅典 許 経明 任 懿君

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.89-94, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

16

---

The article attempts to elucidate why incumbent leading standard setters lose their grounds through technology spillovers in the surge of standardization. We conduct the analysis of patent forward citations from essential patents (SEP), which are declared linked with standard specifications, to proprietary patents in the telecommunication industry. The results show that by assimilating relevant knowledge from leading standard setters, semiconductor suppliers attempt to build their knowledge mainly related to “interface” between telecommunication systems and mobile phones. The results also reveal that a major semiconductor supplier, Qualcomm, plays as a hub which accelerates the knowledge spillovers from leading standard setters to other semiconductor suppliers. These findings are expected to expand the debates of standard setters' knowledge management and provide managerial implications for practitioners.

著者

山口 真一

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.46-51, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

11

---

Sales strategy that uses free digital distribution is a new business model in the creative industry. However, it has raised many important management questions the extent to which free digital distribution either crowd out or complement consumption of products. In this paper, we analyze the effect of free digital distribution on physical sales in Japanese music market. The results showed that the complementary effect of free digital distribution is greater than a substitution effect, so free digital distribution has a significant positive impact on the number of physical sales. It was found that the number of physical sales increases by about 0.27% when free digital distribution views increase by 1%. Furthermore, while a more detailed analysis revealed free digital distribution of works by unknown producers has a positive effect on physical sales, while free distribution of works by well-known producers have no effects. In addition, free digital distribution of long movies has a strong positive effect on the number of physical sales than one of short movies. It was also found that free digital distribution of pop music and idol music has a positive effect on physical sales, while free digital distribution of other music have no effects.

著者

畑 和之

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.86-91, 2012 (Released:2013-06-12)

著者

宮本 琢也 前川 佳一 安田 昌司

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織科学 (ISSN:02869713)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.5-16, 2014-03-20 (Released:2014-06-30)

参考文献数

27

---

本稿は,社内ベンチャープロジェクトにおける,技術と市場の統合について扱う.技術と市場の統合の重要性は多くの議論がなされてきたが,その一方で,技術と市場を橋渡しする組織的主体に関する研究があまりなされてこなかった. 本稿では,三洋電機のワンセグ携帯電話の事例をもとに,カンパニー内に設置される事業本部研究所が,社内ベンチャープロジェクトにおいて果たす役割と,そのプロセス管理について分析した.

著者

宮田 憲一 渡邉 大介

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織科学 (ISSN:02869713)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.32-48, 2013-03-20 (Released:2013-10-17)

参考文献数

32

---

本稿の目的は,PC 製品における製品アーキテクチャの変化を検討し,その背後にある企業の組織能力について明らかにすることである.本稿は,1970年代から90年代の米国デスクトップPCを対象にして,アップル(アップル系PC)とマイクロソフト(インテル系PC)のアーキテクチャの違いを観察することにより,従来強調されてきたような組み合わせ能力の巧みさだけではなく,擦り合わせ能力も適切に活用することがPC産業における競争力につながることを明らかにする.

著者

清水 たくみ

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.38-43, 2013 (Released:2013-07-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2

---

Organizations seek innovation not only by themselves but also through open innovation activities. This exploration is manifested in various activities such as innovation contests, design competitions and innovation communities. In this context, one of the key activities that promote open innovation is the “hackathon.” The hackathon is an event in which voluntary members, such as software engineers and designers, are gathered and develop useful applications in a short time. This new type of collaboration has received much attention as a means of promoting open innovation. Previous studies have addressed the motivation of participants, the demographics of participants and prize structures for open innovation activities. However, they cannot explain how we should design the process of activities. Organizers of hackathons face high uncertainty regarding the outcome of these events. It is necessary for managers and policy makers to identify the key factors that determine the performance of ad-hoc teams in hackathons. The purpose of this study was to derive specific design principles that can improve team performance in hackathons. Here, we demonstrate that data-driven application development in hackathons is a more effective process design than the needs-driven application development that has typically been implemented in recent hackathons. To test our hypotheses, we held two hackathons with open data resources, conducted surveys and statistical methods (regression analysis and t-test). We find that data-driven application development can create products by combining existing services, technologies and data. In addition, the output of data-driven application development can be evaluated as a highly developed application. This result indicates that data are a key factor in promoting innovation via new combinations of existing resources, knowledge and methods. Although the process design of hackathons was analyzed in this study, the discussion presented can be understood as engaging the traditional problem of collaboration design and should thus aid in further research.

著者

中川 功一

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織科学 (ISSN:02869713)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.71-81, 2012-09-20 (Released:2013-10-01)

参考文献数

30

---

本稿は,セラミック・コンデンサ産業の競争を分析し,日米逆転の理由を探索するものである.分析からは,半世紀弱の産業競争の中で,戦略を変更した企業は一社として存在しなかったことが明らかになる.1980年代の日米逆転を導く基本的条件は既に1945年時点で準備されており,逆転を果たした日本企業も,逆転を許した米系企業も,その後は根本的な戦略変更を一度も行っていなかった.ここから本稿は,同産業において戦略硬直化をもたらすスパイラルが作用したのではないかとの試論を行う.