著者

藤原 綾乃

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.26-32, 2016 (Released:2016-12-14)

参考文献数

9

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This study performed an empirical analysis of R&D based on technologies and knowledge embodied in people hired by advanced companies as engineers in emerging countries. In recent years, emerging companies in Asia have been recruiting numerous engineers from Japanese companies for their R&D efforts. This study empirically analyzed the R&D performance of companies for which engineers from Japanese companies have become employed. Result show that those engineers from Japanese companies contributed to increased patent production, patent complexity, and patent quality of companies in emerging Asian countries. However, the contribution is limited. Among the engineers from Japanese companies, engineers who contribute to increased patent production and who contribute to patent complexity, and patent quality are different.

著者

榎波 龍雄 田路 則子

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.71-76, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

8

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Companies that have success in the product of modular architecture, easily to get stuck in “The Modularity Trap”. What are the factors for next successful innovation for these companies? This paper follows the transition of the product architecture of semiconductor exposure tools which have large scale complexity. Semiconductor exposure tool is the ultimate integrative type of product as typified by the automobile. According to previous discussions represented by Fujimoto (2001), Japanese companies have strong points of making integral architecture product by utilizing much knowledge beyond the boundary of companies and integrated human resources. In fact, a Japanese exposure manufacture, Nikon had attained around 50% market share until the mid-1990s by leveraging overwhelming technological innovation capability. However, Nikon have been caught up by ASML (a Dutch company), which entered the market later. In this paper, we compare ASML succeeding in innovation despite its modular architecture with Nikon not succeeding in innovation despite integral architecture.

著者

服部 泰宏 伊達 洋駆 福澤 光啓 舘野 泰一 安斎 勇樹

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.113-119, 2013 (Released:2013-07-30)

参考文献数

13

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Social scientists credit science with stimulating technological invocation and with it economic growth. We management theorist also believe that theories do help us organize our thoughts, generate explanations, and improve our predictions. In American/Western context, however, many researchers in our field point out that the gap between science and practice is so persistent and pervasive that our theory has been lost its relevance. Over the past decade, several attempts to deal with such problem have evolved in the form of movements toward “evidence-based management: EBM.” In response to EBM movement, in this “theme session” we try to rethink about the problems of researcher-practitioner linkage (RPL) in Japanese context. Our session consists of three separate parts. In the first part, based on the result of survey research we discuss about diffusion of management theory. In this part we try to develop a framework that will guide us in taking steps necessary for increasing the probability that practitioners will implement our findings. This may enable us to understand how transfer of knowledge (management theory) occurs and why. In the second part, we theoretically and empirically discuss about inter-organizational trust. As prior studies have suggested, the existence of inter organizational trust decrease uncertainty in inter-organizational exchanges and can enhance the performance of both practitioner and researchers. And our empirical research supports this. And finally, in the third part we think about RPL from the perspective of educational technology. Discussing about “evidence-based education” and analyzing data from some academic-industrial collaboration projects we try to draw some implication about RPL.

著者

生稲 史彦 原 泰史

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.52-58, 2015-07-31 (Released:2015-07-31)

参考文献数

14

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Japanese animation industry has a big contradiction. Despite they have made great honorable animation, animators (people who draws motion picture) cannot get enough wages. Why their work are not adequately rewarded even they have a capability to produce excellent work? Involved stakeholders, academic researchers, and policy makes have shared similar concerns on this issue. Several policies had been implemented but it doesn’t yield sufficient outcomes. “Anime Mirai” policy is the new policy approach to solve this problem. Anime Mirai was planned mainly by the Japan Animation Creators Association (JAniCA), and implemented by the Agency for Cultural Affairs. Through Anime Mirai, policy makers aimed to develop human resources which sustain the creation of Japanese animation ecosystem. JAniCA and Cultural Affairs has same point of view on Japanese animation that current animation company haven’t capability to train young animators. In Anime Mirai scheme, JAniCA provided fund to the selected animation companies, these companies produced the new original animations to train young animators. Through Anime Mirai process, turn-over rate of young animators turns low and animation companies has own profitable copyright product such as Little Witch Academia (Trigger) and Death Parade(Madhouse). As of the policy implication of Anime Mirai, organizational failure could be absorbed by “gemba-oriented” governmental funding scheme.

著者

清宮 徹

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.43-54, 2016-02-29 (Released:2016-03-14)

参考文献数

25

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When we focus on organizing, rather than organization, it is crucial to pay attention to the role of discourse and consider how social reality is shaped through discursive interactions in organizational settings. This paper explores effective discourse approaches to study the dynamic aspects of organizing. From the perspective of organizational communication, in particular from a communication constitutes organization, a focal point of studies has been on discursive interactions and their process in a variety of contexts. This paper illustrates basic understandings of organizational discourse studies that commonly emphasize conceptualizations of articulation, recontextualization, interdiscursivity, and polyphony, which sheds light on the dynamic development of social reality. The relationship between text and context must be understood in the analysis of intertextual relations. Studies of organizational discourse do not mean analysis about words and languages, but rather analysis of contexts with intertextual relationships. In doing so, a complex and often taken-for-grated contexts are interpreted in the dynamic process of organizing. A variety of discourse analyses are used as complementary approaches. These are beneficial for investigating the dynamics of historical, cultural, and everyday contexts. Eventually, the organizational discourse approaches challenge the study of complex social reality and attempt to expand beyond the limited areas of traditional management studies and traditional domains of research legitimatized by managerialism. While strong concerns have been expressed regarding a notion of organizing, it is crucial to change the conventional view of control in management to a more dynamic aspect of communicating and democratizing in organizations.

著者

Ryota MATSUI

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

Transactions of the Academic Association for Organizational Science (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.14-19, 2017 (Released:2017-12-23)

参考文献数

13

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On March 11, 2011, the Great East Japan Earthquake triggered an extremely severe nuclear accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, owned and operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). Before the accident, several experts and researchers had repeatedly pointed out a high possibility that tsunami would reach beyond the level assumed by TEPCO, as well as a possibility that such level of tsunami might cause severe accidents. However, TEPCO and the regulatory body (NISA) overlooked these warnings and did not take any preventive measure against tsunami. Consequently, Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was incapable of withstanding the tsunami that hit on the day. Due to these facts, the accident is regarded as a man-made disaster. Even today, more than 6 years after the accident, it has not been revealed why they underestimated the risk of tsunami and couldn't prevent the accident. This article suggests that this question can be partially answered by applying “groupthink” model which was developed by Irving Janis. This study analyzes the descriptions of two official reports on the Fukushima accident by Japanese government and National Diet. As the result, all antecedent conditions, six symptoms of groupthink and six symptoms of defective decision making are found in the accident reports. This study also suggests that an additional antecedent condition "existences of obvious and obscure risks" and a symptom of groupthink "procrastination of problem solving" could be included in the groupthink model.

著者

赤間 愛理

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.32-37, 2014-08-25 (Released:2014-08-28)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this study is to disclose the building process of suppliers' development capabilities through the patent data analysis under rapid technological system conversion of the automobile. Recent computerization of cars has urged the improvement of the technology of arranging wire harness and lightening. The role of wire harness in a car is a linking of electrical components, so it means that wire harness is to define the electrical functions of the car. Namely, wire harness is suitable as a subject to observe recent improvement process of development capabilities of auto parts suppliers. In order to visualize research results, we use a patent data analysis of the wire harness area. Research subject is wire harness department of the Sumitomo group (Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd., Auto Network Technology Institute), which has extended global market share over the last two decades, while comparing with the Yazaki Group (Yazaki Sougyou), a top supplier of wire harness. In analyzing the patent data, we regard a company as a bunch of technology and analyze from 3 viewpoints, which are companies, engineers, and invention. Our study revealed the following mechanisms.Mechanism 1, Analysis of Company unit: “Building development capabilities starts from the patent application by wire harness manufacturer alone.”Mechanism 2, Analysis of Engineer unit:“The key to build development capabilities is the reciprocating motion between single application and joint application by core engineers.”Mechanism 3, Analysis of Invention unit: “Building development capabilities accelerates by reconstructing the predecessor's technology.”We present a conceptual model that organizes the mechanism as the conclusion of this study. "Building development capabilities starts from patent applications by wire harness manufacturer alone and returns to the evolution path of the invention by the reciprocating motion of the core engineer as an interface, and accelerates by reconstructing the predecessor's technology."

著者

會澤 綾子

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.174-179, 2021 (Released:2021-08-21)

参考文献数

7

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In this study, corporate corruptions cases were collected and classified into 17 categories, and we found that the status of submission of third-party reports was focused on specific types of corruption. These specific corruptions have two characteristics: “organizational” and “low clarity of norm deviation conditions.” Thus, they may not be related to a particular person’s ethics or motives, and they are likely to become normal and continue if there is a structural equivalence network. When corruption occurs, the motive could be an issue, but the person involved may be doing it without any special motive. Although there are cases in which organizational wrongdoings focusing on organizational networks are proposed, the discussion is not sufficient, and it can be said that this is an important issue for which organizational factors should be clarified.

著者

清水 たくみ

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.7-12, 2018 (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

14

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Online communities (OCs) as a new form of organizing are emerging with recent technologies such as digital platforms and social media. Although OCs are recognized as generative spaces for knowledge collaboration and innovation, we still know little about how OCs are created and sustained over time. To address this issue, this paper conducts a longitudinal field study of a healthcare online community hosted by a Canadian medical association. Building on the field observational data (before and after the launch of OC) and the digital trace data of the OC platform, this study explores how the OC evolves with the imbrication of design and emergence over the course of community development. This study contributes to novel understandings of OC development and provides practical implications on how to manage and sustain online communities.

著者

宮尾 学

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.62-68, 2012 (Released:2013-06-13)

著者

中田 行彦

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.155-161, 2021 (Released:2021-08-21)

参考文献数

14

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The use of EVs is accelerating around the world because CO2 emissions are zero while driving. However, considering the life cycle, the “inconvenient truth” that the decarbonization effect of EV is limited emerges. In addition to analyzing the organizational behavior of companies toward this “inconvenient truth,” the “inconvenient truth” were examined and considered new issues. The CO2 emissions seen from the life cycle of the automobile were estimated from the standpoint of a third party using published data. As a result, it was verified that “the decarbonization effect of EV is limited.” The most important issue is that “EVs need to significantly reduce CO2 during storage battery manufacturing.” For that purpose, it is necessary to improve the manufacturing process, materials, and structure of Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB). In addition, “promoting renewable energy” is an essential condition for decarbonization in all industries and products. In order to achieve decarbonization, it is essential to face the “inconvenient truth” and challenge and overcome it.

著者

村田 雅弘

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.25-30, 2018 (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

11

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the aspect of closeness in communities of practice. Both the positive and negative of the close nature will be explored. From the inception of the concept of community of practice, most articles or researches have been written with a one-sided point of view either applauding its virtues or denouncing its shortcomings. This paper will provide a bilateral perspective of communities of practice that considers both the positive and negative aspects of the concept of closeness, and discuss the importance of having this bilateral perspective. This paper will also explore the role of routine activities, as they are an integral part of any communities of practice, especially in a business environment. A close examination of routine activities in their formation and evolution will contribute to the bilateral perspective of the closeness of communities of practice. Moreover, the paper will identify signs and events when the routine activities should be adjusted.

著者

西脇 暢子

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.2, pp.8-18, 2012 (Released:2013-06-13)

著者

串田 ゆか 本間 利通

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.124-129, 2021 (Released:2021-08-21)

参考文献数

7

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A pharmacist’s job is currently changing due to the addition of new tasks precipitated by the regional comprehensive care system and the revision of the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices. In 2016, with the revision of the medical fee, the “family pharmacist system” was established, enabling pharmacists to calculate a “family pharmacist guidance fee.” In addition, there have been continuous efforts to enhance the interpersonal services provided by pharmacists. With the increasing emphasis on interpersonal services, it is imperative to accurately assess pharmacists’ perceptions from a human resource management perspective. Therefore, this study conducted a questionnaire survey and an interview to clarify pharmacists’ perceptions of the family pharmacist system and contribute to the management of the profession. Factor analysis and interviews revealed that a four-factor structure was appropriate comprised of “ability and confidence” (F1), “job satisfaction” (F2), “professionalism” (F3), and “burden” (F4). These results may have implications for the facilitation of the family pharmacist system.

著者

松井 亮太

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.50-55, 2017 (Released:2017-08-18)

参考文献数

10

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The tendency to underestimate the time required to complete a project, even while knowing that the vast majority of similar projects have run late, has been termed the “planning fallacy” (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). Although many studies have shown that people often underestimate their task-completion time, the mechanism of the planning fallacy has not become clear. In order to verify the mechanism, this article conducted two experimental studies from the perspective of task difficulty. In Study 1, participants predicted the necessary times of two tasks (easy task and difficult task) and worked on them. As a result of Study 1, it was demonstrated that the task difficulty affected the degree of the planning fallacy. Participants underestimated the necessary time of easy task, but on the other hand participants overestimated the necessary time of difficult one; the difference was statistically significant (p < .01). Study 2 was conducted one year after the Study 1. In Study 2, participants recalled the task-completion times of two tasks which they had worked on one year ago. As a result of Study 2, it is shown that the task difficulty also affected the degree of the memory bias. Participants underestimated the task-completion time of easy task which they had worked on one year ago, whereas overestimated the task-completion time of difficult one; the difference was statistically significant (p < .01).

著者

高尾 義明

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.202-208, 2019 (Released:2019-08-23)

参考文献数

16

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Research on job crafting has burgeoned lately. However, most previous studies have failed to notice that the concept was originally propounded for focusing on subjective change in experience of a job. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between job crafting and psychological ownership for the job as a concept representing the experience of a job. The results of a three-wave survey revealed that psychological ownership for the job (time 1) had positive impacts on all three dimensions of job crafting (time 2) and that only cognitive job crafting (time 2) was positively related to psychological ownership for the job (time 3) in turn. These findings contribute to the literature by suggesting that job crafting can be considered as a changing process of experience of a job by strengthening psychological ownership for the job.

著者

長瀬 勝彦

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.179-184, 2018 (Released:2018-12-27)

参考文献数

11

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Previous findings on the relationship between psychological traits and procrastination are inconsistent. Same applies to the relationship between procrastination and performance. Some researchers have reported negative influences of procrastination on performance, some researchers have reported positive influences, and the others have reported no influences. It is partly due to the fact that prior research has explored only each of the two relationships. Additionally, the relationship between psychological traits and performance remains hidden from view. In order to overcome these limitations, this study investigates the relationships among psychological traits, procrastination, and performance. Steel(2011) presented a scale of procrastination and scales of three psychological traits (expectation, value, and impulsivity). I translated them into Japanese language and made some modest amendments in order to improve the suitability for Japanese students. Respondents were 160 sophomores (82 females, 78 males) of a university in Tokyo. Students answered the questionnaires and described their GPAs, which were used as the indicators of their academic performance. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that impulsivity acted on procrastination and that procrastination acted on performance. Expectation and value did not have significant influences on procrastination. None of the psychological traits had significant direct influences on performance. The model fit statistics indicated CFI=.864, GFI=.806, and RMSEA=.058.

著者

吉岡(小林) 徹

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.82-87, 2020 (Released:2020-08-27)

参考文献数

12

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Despite growing global diffusions of research managers and administrators (RMAs) in the higher education sector, both scholars and RMAs themselves have not reached a concrete definition and common expertise of RMAs yet. This conceptual mess partly comes from the RMAs development process: Most of RMAs cultivated their careers themselves. This paper introduces a theoretical framework from management innovation theories and attempts to classify RMAs for the identification of their expertise and to explain the diversified adoption process from a unified perspective. We conducted interview surveys for 11 RMAs in two public research universities in the U.K. and the U.S. We found avoidance of conflicts with traditional faculty roles is an essential factor of the adoption of RMAs who play a strategic role or correspond to tasks of research project management. Exceptionally, some information systems provide functions that slightly conflict with faculty roles; however, palpable their outcomes seem to overcome the rejection. Our explanatory analysis confirmed that the management innovation theory framework well explains the adoption process of RMAs, and thus, we can lead a further discussion based on this theoretical framework.

著者

森下 あや子 舘岡 康雄

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 組織学会

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.72-77, 2012 (Released:2013-06-12)

著者

見吉 英彦

出版者

The Academic Association for Organizational Science

雑誌

組織学会大会論文集 (ISSN:21868530)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.81-86, 2017 (Released:2017-08-18)

参考文献数

13

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Recently, in research of entrepreneurship, much attention has been paid to the new approach, which trying to formulate an excellent entrepreneur's decision-making principle. As one of them, there is the concept of "effectuation" that Saras Sarasvathy advocated. In this paper, first, it explain the "effectuation" and sorting out an issue of competitive strategic theory and consider the possibility of "effectuation" in this field. As the result, this paper pointed out that it is important point that how to balance or fuse “Correspond to Knight's the third uncertainty” and "special solutions embedded in specific contexts"