著者

Yuko Maki Hiroshi Soejima Tamizi Sugiyama Masaaki K. Watahiki Takeo Sato Junji Yamaguchi

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.111-117, 2022-06-25 (Released:2022-06-25)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2

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Many microorganisms have been reported to produce compounds that promote plant growth and are thought to be involved in the establishment and maintenance of symbiotic relationships. 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) produced by lactic acid bacteria was previously shown to promote root growth in adzuki cuttings. However, the mode of action of PLA as a root-promoting substance had not been clarified. The present study therefore investigated the relationship between PLA and auxin. PLA was found to inhibit primary root elongation and to increase lateral root density in wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in an auxin signaling mutant. In addition, PLA induced IAA19 promoter fused β-glucuronidase gene expression, suggesting that PLA exhibits auxin-like activity. The inability of PLA to promote degradation of Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid protein in a yeast heterologous reconstitution system indicated that PLA may not a ligand of auxin receptor. Using of a synthetic PLA labeled with stable isotope showed that exogenously applied PLA was converted to phenylacetic acid (PAA), an endogenous auxin, in both adzuki and Arabidopsis. Taken together, these results suggest that exogenous PLA promotes auxin signaling by conversion to PAA, thereby regulating root growth in plants.

著者

Junichirou Ohzeki Kazuto Kugou Koichiro Otake Koei Okazaki Seiji Takahashi Daisuke Shibata Hiroshi Masumoto

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.101-110, 2022-06-25 (Released:2022-06-25)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

2

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Genome information has been accumulated for many species, and these genes and regulatory sequences are expected to be applied in plants by enhancing or creating new metabolic pathways. We hypothesized that manipulating a long array of repetitive sequences using tethered chromatin modulators would be effective for robust regulation of gene expression in close proximity to the arrays. This approach is based on a human artificial chromosome made of long synthetic repetitive DNA sequences in which we manipulated the chromatin by tethering the modifiers. However, a method for introducing long repetitive DNA sequences into plants has not yet been established. Therefore, we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome-based binary vector in Escherichia coli cells to generate a construct in which a cassette of marker genes was inserted into 60-kb synthetic human centromeric repetitive DNA. The binary vector was then transferred to Agrobacterium cells and its stable maintenance confirmed. Next, using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, this construct was successfully introduced into the genome of cultured tobacco BY-2 cells to obtain a large number of stable one-copy strains. ChIP analysis of obtained BY-2 cell lines revealed that the introduced synthetic repetitive DNA has moderate chromatin modification levels with lower heterochromatin (H3K9me2) or euchromatin (H3K4me3) modifications compared to the host centromeric repetitive DNA or an active Tub6 gene, respectively. Such a synthetic DNA sequence with moderate chromatin modification levels is expected to facilitate manipulation of the chromatin structure to either open or closed.

著者

Hiroyuki Katsuoka Naoya Hamabe Chiemi Kato Susumu Hisamatsu Fujio Baba Motohiro Taneishi Toshiyuki Sasaki Atsushi Ikegaya Zentaro Inaba

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.93-100, 2022-06-25 (Released:2022-06-25)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

1

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To introduce useful characteristics such as fragrance into Argyranthemum frutescens (L.) and to expand the variation, we conducted crosses using A. frutescens as the seed parent and Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All. as the pollen parent. All the tested cross combinations between the three strains of A. frutescens and one strain of C. nobile produced embryos, and healthy plants were obtained by ovule culture. The obtained plantlets had a white ray floret, and the leaf shape was intermediate to those of the parents. The individuals obtained from this cross were subjected to two methods to determine hybridity: flow cytometry analyses and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers. For the CAPS marker, we selected the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, which is highly variable among the genera, as the region to be amplified. We selected restriction enzymes BmgT120 I and Afl II, which selectively cut common sequences in the genus Argyranthemum, based on the sequence analysis of one parent strain each of A. frutescens and C. nobile and alignment with known sequences of related species. Flow cytometry analyses and CAPS markers revealed that the individuals obtained from the cross between A. frutescens and C. nobile are intergeneric hybrids. In addition, these established methods were capable of quickly and reliably identifying hybrids between A. frutescens and C. nobile. This report shows for the first time that crossbreeding between A. frutescens (seed parent) and C. nobile (pollen parent) is possible, and further development of Argyranthemum breeding, such as the expansion of variation by intergeneric crosses, is expected.

著者

Yosuke Kawai Eiichiro Ono Masaharu Mizutani

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.5, pp.579-584, 2014-12-25 (Released:2015-02-27)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 9

---

Specialized metabolism in land plants produces the diverse array of compounds, which is important in interaction with the environments. Generally, specialized metabolism-related genes consist of large gene families (superfamily), including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (DOXs), and family-1 UDP-sugar dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs), especially in angiosperms and gymnosperms. We investigated the changes in the numbers of these superfamily genes during the evolution of angiosperms by inferring gain and loss events in ancestral lineages of 5 angiosperms and 1 lycophyte. We observed the clear difference in the changes in the gene number among ancestral lineages. Intriguingly, gene gain events were coordinately occurred among CYP, DOX and UGT in lineage-specific manner, and the gain events were in good accordance with ancient whole genome duplication (WGD) events. Thus, the WGD events in angiosperms would have an important role in the expansion and evolution of specialized metabolism by providing prerequisite genetic resources for subsequent lineage-specific local tandem duplication (LTD) of superfamily genes as well as functional differentiation of these superfamily genes.

著者

Miyako Kato Hitoshi Watanabe Yoichiro Hoshino

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.85-92, 2022-06-25 (Released:2022-06-25)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

---

Pollen tube growth is essential for the fertilization process in angiosperms. When pollen grains arrive on the stigma, they germinate, and the pollen tubes elongate through the styles of the pistils to deliver sperm cells into the ovules to produce the seeds. The relationship between the growth rate and style length remains unclear. In previous studies, we developed a liquid pollen germination medium for observing pollen tube growth. In this study, using this medium, we examined the pollen tube growth ability in Petunia axillaris subsp. axillaris, P. axillaris subsp. parodii, P. integrifolia, and P. occidentalis, which have different style lengths. Petunia occidentalis had the longest pollen tubes after 6 h of culture but had a relatively shorter style. Conversely, the pollination experiments revealed that P. axillaris subsp. parodii, which had the longest style, produced the longest pollen tubes in vivo. The results revealed no clear relationship between the style lengths and the growth rate of pollen tubes in vitro. Interspecific pollinations indicated that the styles affected pollen tube growth. We concluded that, in vitro, the pollen tubes grow without being affected by the styles, whereas, in vivo, the styles significantly affected pollen tube growth. Furthermore, interspecific pollination experiments implied that the pollen tube growth tended to be suppressed in the styles of self-incompatibility species. Finally, we discussed the pollen tube growth ability in relation to style lengths.

著者

Mari Narusaka Tomonori Shiraishi Masaki Iwabuchi Yoshihiro Narusaka

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.4, pp.349-351, 2010-09-25 (Released:2010-09-25)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

24 45

---

The floral dip protocol mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most widely used transformation method for Arabidopsis thaliana. The “floral dip” process in which A. thaliana flower buds are dipped in an Agrobacterium cell suspension requires large volumes of bacterial cultures grown in liquid media, large shakers and centrifuges, and experimental space for them. These factors limit the number of transformations that can occur at once. We established that A. thaliana can be transformed by inoculating 5 μl of Agrobacterium cell suspension in flower buds, thus avoiding the use of large volumes of Agrobacterium culture. Using this modified protocol, we obtained 15–50 transgenic plants per transformation from each pot containing 3 A. thaliana plants. The protocol is satisfactory to be used for subsequent analyses. This simplified method, without floral dipping, which requires large volumes of Agrobacterim culture, offers as efficient a transformation as previously reported protocols. This method reduces the required workload, cost, time, and space. Furthermore, an important aspect of this modified protocol is that it allows many independent transformations to be performed at once.

著者

Naoki Takahashi Masaaki Umeda

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.73-78, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 3

---

Compared with other organisms, plants have an extraordinary capacity for self-repair. Even if the entire tissues, including the stem cells, are resected, most plant species are able to completely regenerate whole tissues. However, the mechanism by which plants efficiently regenerate the stem cell niche during tissue reorganization is still largely unknown. Here, we found that the signaling mediated by plant steroid hormones brassinosteroids is activated during stem cell formation after root tip excision in Arabidopsis. Treatment with brassinazole, an inhibitor of brassinosteroid biosynthesis, delayed the recovery of stem cell niche after root tip excision. Regeneration of root tip after resection was also delayed in a brassinosteroid receptor mutant. Therefore, we propose that brassinosteroids participate in efficient root tip regeneration, thereby enabling efficient tissue regeneration to ensure continuous root growth after resection.

著者

Tomoyuki Furuya Ryuichi Nishihama Kimitsune Ishizaki Takayuki Kohchi Hiroo Fukuda Yuki Kondo

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.65-72, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

7

---

Plants precisely coordinate the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation to ensure the continuous development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, members of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) family, which are highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinases among eukaryotes, play important roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation during various developmental processes. However, functional roles of GSK3s in the plant lineages except angiosperms remain to be elucidated. Here, we utilized a model liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha, for studies of GSK3, because it has a single GSK3-like kinase, MpGSK. When M. polymorpha was treated with a chemical compound, bikinin, which is known as a specific inhibitor for GSK3-like kinases, growth and morphologies were altered with an expansion of the meristematic region. Similarly, Mpgsk loss-of-function mutants accumulated undifferentiated cell mass with no differentiated tissues. By contrast, overexpression of MpGSK reduced the size of the meristem region. These results suggest that MpGSK plays important roles as a regulator for the balance between cell differentiation and proliferation in M. polymorpha.

著者

Yuki Kondo

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.59-64, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 6

---

For permanent secondary growth in plants, cell proliferation and differentiation should be strictly controlled in the vascular meristem consisting of (pro)cambial cells. A peptide hormone tracheary element differentiation inhibitory factor (TDIF) functions to inhibit xylem differentiation, while a plant hormone brassinosteroid (BR) promotes xylem differentiation in (pro)cambial cells. However, it remains unclear how TDIF and BR cooperate to regulate xylem differentiation for the proper maintenance of the vascular meristem. In this study, I developed an easy evaluation method for xylem differentiation frequency in a vascular induction system Vascular cell Induction culture System Using Arabidopsis Leaves (VISUAL) by utilizing a xylem-specific luciferase reporter line. In this quantitative system, TDIF suppressed and BR promoted xylem differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Moreover, simultaneous treatment of TDIF and BR with (pro)cambial cells revealed that they can cancel their each other’s effect on xylem differentiation, suggesting a competitive relationship between TDIF and BR. Thus, mutual inhibition of “ON” and “OFF” signal enables the fine-tuned regulation of xylem differentiation in the vascular meristem.

著者

Ye Zhang Masaaki Umeda Tatsuo Kakimoto

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.29-36, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Pericycle cells possess proliferative activity long after leaving the root apical meristem. Depending on the developmental stage and external stimuli, pericycle cell division leads to the production of lateral roots, vascular cambium and periderm, and callus. Therefore, pericycle cell division competence underlies root branching and secondary growth, as well as plant regeneration capacity. In this review, we first briefly present an overview of the molecular pathways of the four developmental programs originated, exclusively or partly, from pericycle cells. Then, we provide a review of up-to-date knowledge in the mechanisms determining pericycle cells’ competence to undergo cell division. Furthermore, we discuss directions of future research to further our understanding of the pericycle’s characteristics and functions.

著者

Akie Shimotohno

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.19-28, 2022-03-25 (Released:2022-03-25)

参考文献数

93

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Unlike animals, terrestrial plants are sessile and able to give rise to new organs throughout their lifetime. In the most extreme cases, they can survive for over a thousand years. With such protracted life cycles, plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to adapt to variable environments by coordinating their morphology as well as their growth, and have consequently acquired a high degree of developmental plasticity, which is supported by small groups of long-lived stem cells found in proliferative centers called meristems. Shoot apical meristems (SAMs) contain multipotent stem cells and provide a microenvironment that ensures both a self-renewable reservoir, to produce primordia and sustain growth, and a differentiating population that develops into all of the above-ground organs of land plants. The homeodomain transcription factor WUSCHEL (WUS) is expressed in the organizing center and acts as a master regulator to govern shoot stem cell homeostasis. In this review, I highlight recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling networks that underlie SAM maintenance, and discuss how plants utilize WUS to integrate intrinsic and extrinsic cues.

著者

Ratna Sariyatun Hiroyuki Kajiura Juthamard Limkul Ryo Misaki Kazuhito Fujiyama

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.463-467, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

25

---

N-Glycosylation is essential for protein stability, activity and characteristics, and is often needed to deliver pharmaceutical glycoproteins to target cells. A paucimannosidic structure, Man3GlcNAc2 (M3), has been reported to enable cellular uptake of glycoproteins through the mannose receptor (MR) in humans, and such uptake has been exploited for the treatment of certain diseases. However, M3 is generally produced at a very low level in plants. In this study, a cell culture was established from an Arabidopsis alg3 mutant plant lacking asparagine-linked glycosylation 3 (ALG3) enzyme activity. Arabidopsis alg3 cell culture produced glycoproteins with predominantly M3 and GlcNAc-terminal structures, while the amount of plant-specific N-glycans was very low. Pharmaceutical glycoproteins with these characteristics would be valuable for cellular delivery through the MR, and safe for human therapy.

著者

Naoki Muto Kenji Komatsu Takashi Matsumoto

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.457-461, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 8

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To investigate the gene function of radish (Raphanus sativus L.), several attempts have been made to generate genetically transformed radish. However, no efficient and relatively simple method for the genetic transformation of radish has been developed to date. In this study, we established an Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method using the hypocotyl-derived explants of radish cultivar “Pirabikku”. Primarily based on the Brassica transformation procedure, we optimized it for radish transformation. Using this system, the transformation efficiency of radish hypocotyl explants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 harboring pIG121-Hm was 13.3%. The copy number of transfer DNA integrated into the genome was either one or two in the four independent transgenic plants. Two of the four plants exhibited male sterility and did not produce self-pollinated seeds. Examination of the expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in T1 plants from fertile T0 plants showed that the GUS genes were inherited. The improvement in the genetic transformation in this study might pave the way for accelerated molecular breeding and genetic analysis of radish.

著者

Mari Narusaka Tadashi Hatanaka Yoshihiro Narusaka

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.453-455, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

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Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt and R.M. Smith belongs to the Alpinia genus in the Zingiberaceae family. In East Asia, Alpinia zerumbet has been widely used as food and traditional medicine. Previously, we identified proanthocyanidins (PACs), an anti-plant-virus molecule in A. zerumbet, using Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). Here, we found that PACs from A. zerumbet, apple, and green tea effectively inhibited ToMV infection. Additionally, the PACs from A. zerumbet exhibited greater antiviral activity than those from apple and green tea. The PACs from A. zerumbet also effectively inactivated influenza A virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), which acts as a surrogate for human coronaviruses, in a dose-dependent manner. The results from the cytopathic effect assays indicated that 0.1 mg/ml PACs from A. zerumbet decreased the titer of influenza A virus and PEDV by >3 log. These findings suggested that the direct treatment of viruses with PACs from A. zerumbet before inoculation reduced viral activity; thus, PACs might inhibit infections by an influenza virus, coronaviruses, and plant viruses.

著者

Hitomi Takahashi Yutaka Kodama

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.449-452, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

---

Ongoing research has generated many important lines of the model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, including mutants and transgenic lines. To maintain these lines, researchers typically spend a lot of time and effort periodically replanting thalli (e.g., every month). To avoid this routine maintenance, researchers have developed methods for cryopreservation of dried and frozen gemmae. In this study, we developed a culture-based method for preserving gemmalings and thalli without encapsulation, drying, or freezing. The method requires only tissue culture on agar medium supplemented with sucrose in the dark at regular temperature (22°C). These culture conditions severely inhibit growth of gemmalings and thalli; however, these tissues remained alive after more than 1 year of storage. Survival rate of tissues using this method was 100% in all tests. This method thus enables preservation of gemmaling and thallus cultures on medium under regular temperature conditions, thereby relieving researchers of labor-intensive routine maintenance.

著者

Yasuhiro Kato Yuichi Tada

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.443-448, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2

---

To prepare various root active promoters for expressing transgenes and prevent gene silencing caused by the repeated use of the same promoter, the expression characteristics of various root active promoters were comparatively evaluated using GUS as a reporter gene. The high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT1;1), the Shaker family potassium ion channel (SKOR), the Shaker family inward rectifying potassium channel (AKT1), the major facilitator superfamily protein (MFS1), and the senescence associated gene 14 (SAG14) promoter from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) were used, and for comparison, four additional constitutive or green tissue specific promoters in the expression vectors were also employed. As the Gateway cloning technology provided by Invitrogen can offer high efficiency and cloning reliability, and easy manipulation of fusion constructs in vitro, our expression vectors are based on binary (destination) vectors compatible with this cloning technique. These destination vectors are also advantageous for stable expression of the transgene, as the heat shock protein terminator is utilized. The AtHKT1;1, SKOR, AKT1, MFS1 and SAG14 promoters were all active in roots but showed slightly different tissue specificities: AtHKT1;1, SKOR, and MFS1 were dominantly active in vascular bundle tissue, while AtHKT1;1 and MFS1— but not SKOR, AKT1, and SAG14—were active in root tips. SKOR showed the strongest root-specificity, and SAG14 showed the highest activity among the five root active promoters. The activity of MFS was developmentally regulated. These destination vectors are now available to express multiple transgenes in transgenic plants, especially in roots.

著者

Atrayee Sarkar Indhumathi Srinivasan Subhankar Roy-Barman

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.433-441, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

2

---

Rice is an important staple crop and fungal blast disease destroys about 10–30% of its global produce, annually. Although genetic manipulation has largely been employed in crop-improvement programmes and agricultural biotechnology, the ease of transformation of several recalcitrant indica cultivars continues to be a challenge. HR-12 and CO-39 are two indica cultivars that are commonly used in breeding programmes, but are susceptible to biotic threats like fungal blast and sheath blight disease. Here in this study, we have optimised a rapid and reproducible transformation protocol for the said cultivars, having compared both the tissue-culture and in-planta methods of transformation. Murashige & Skoog basal media supplemented with maltose and 2.5 mg l−1 2,4-D induced efficient callogenesis in HR-12, while maltose with 3 mg l−1 2,4-D gave optimum results in case of CO-39. The media containing 0.5 mg l−1 NAA, 3 mg l−1 BAP, and 1 mg l−1 kinetin yielded a maximum regeneration efficiency of 62% and 65% in HR-12 and CO-39, respectively. The studies with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, LBA4404 strain harbouring pCAMBIA1303 suggested that although these cultivars demonstrated successful gene-transfer, they failed to regenerate efficiently, post-transformation. Alternatively, our modified in-planta piercing and vacuum infiltration-based protocol resulted in 33–35% transformation efficiency in less than half the time required for tissue-culture based transformation method. As per our knowledge, it is among the highest obtained from existing piercing-based direct transformation protocols in rice, and can also be implemented in genetically manipulating other recalcitrant varieties of rice.

著者

Kyoko Hiwasa-Tanase Tsubasa Yano Tatsuya Kon Teruhiko Terakawa Hiroshi Ezura

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.421-431, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 3

---

The commercial use of genetically modified (GM) crops requires prior assessment of the risks to the environment when these crops are grown in the field or distributed. Assessments protocols vary across countries and GM crop events, but there is a common need to assess environmental biosafety. In this study, we conducted an environmental risk assessment in a confined field of GM tomato plants that can produce miraculin, a taste-altering protein that causes sour tastes to be perceived as sweet, for practical use in Japan. The evaluation was conducted for 1) competitiveness (the ability to compete with wild plants for nutrients, sunlight, and growing areas and prevent their growth) and 2) the production of toxic substances (the ability to produce substances that interfere with the habitat and growth of wild plants, animals, and microorganisms). Investigations of plant morphology and growth characteristics as well as tolerance to low temperature during early growth and overwintering for assessment endpoints related to competitiveness showed no biologically meaningful difference between GM tomato and non-GM tomato. In addition, harmful substances in plant residues and root secretions were assessed by the plow-in method, succeeding crop test and soil microflora tests, and it was determined that GM tomato does not exhibit an increase in harmful substances. Based on these results, it was concluded that GM miraculin-accumulating tomato is comparable to conventional tomato and is unlikely to have unintended adverse effects in the natural environment of Japan.

著者

Aili Ailizati Isura Sumeda Priyadarshana Nagahage Atsuko Miyagi Toshiki Ishikawa Maki Kawai-Yamada Taku Demura Masatoshi Yamaguchi

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.415-420, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

4

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A NAC domain transcription factor, VND-INTERACTING2 (VNI2) is originally isolated as an interacting protein with another NAC domain transcription factor, VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN7 (VND7), a master regulator of xylem vessel element differentiation. VND7 directly or indirectly induces expression of a number of genes associated with xylem vessel element differentiation, while VNI2 inhibits the transcriptional activation activities of VND7 by forming a protein complex. VNI2 is expressed at an earlier stage of xylem vessel element differentiation than VND7. Here, to investigate whether VND7 also affects VNI2, a transient expression assay was performed. We demonstrated that VND7 downregulated VNI2 expression. Other transcription factors involved in xylem vessel formation did not show the negative regulation of VNI2 expression. Rather, MYB83, a downstream target of VND7, upregulated VNI2 expression. By using the deletion series of the VNI2 promoter, a 400 bp region was identified as being responsible for downregulation by VND7. These data suggested that VND7 and VNI2 mutually regulate each other, and VNI2 expression is both positively and negatively regulated in the transcriptional cascade.

著者

Alejandra Hernández-García Enrique Ambriz-Parra Pablo López-Albarrán José Cruz-de León Rafael Salgado-Garciglia

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.409-414, 2021-12-25 (Released:2021-12-25)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Dalbergia congestiflora Pittier is a woody plant species grown in Mexico and Central America and widely used as timber wood and medicinal material. Since D. congestiflora is an endangered species, an in-vitro micropropagation technique is needed for mass propagation of D. congestiflora plantlets. Nodal segments of D. congestiflora stem cuttings grown in greenhouse conditions were disinfected with an appropriate protocol and in vitro established on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.05 mg l−1 benzylaminopurine (BA). The explants showed 10% contamination with 90% survival, and the initial shoot was regenerated in 90% of them. Axillary buds of 45-day-old initial shoots were cultured on MS containing BA (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg l−1) singly or in combination with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg l−1). A higher shoot number (9.6 shoots/explant) was obtained on MS with 1 mg l−1 BA and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Rooting was investigated using half-strength MS, 2% sucrose and different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg l−1). After 30 days of culture, developing shoots were elongated and rooted in culture medium without IBA, with production of 3.2 roots/shoot. Micropropagated plantlets of D. congestiflora were successfully transplanted and acclimatized to a mixture of peat moss and perlite (2 : 1) with 100% relative humidity in greenhouse conditions with 80% survival at 30 days of culture. This micropropagation protocol will contribute to the conservation of D. congestiflora, and assure the mass propagation for sustainable usage of this species.