著者

有馬 明恵

出版者

日本広告学会

雑誌

広告科学 (ISSN:13436597)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.71-85, 2001 (Released:2017-10-25)

著者

有馬 明恵 下島 裕美 竹下 美穂

出版者

東京女子大学論集編集委員会

雑誌

東京女子大学紀要論集 (ISSN:04934350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.209-230, 2017-03-15

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This article reveals mothers’ attitudes toward PTA activities through internet survey. Four hundred and fifty mothers who had participated in PTA activities answered a questionnaire. Hierarchical cluster analysis found five types: “mothers engaging in PTA activities for their children,” “mothers criticizing PTA,” “traditional and moderate mothers,” “mothers participating in social activities,” and “rational mothers”. The results showed the following; “mothers participating in social activities” think that parents and teachers should be equal partners and parents should work hard in PTA activities. These mothers however became more negative and suffered stress through engaging in the activities. On the other hand, “mothers criticizing the PTA” and “rational mothers” were reluctant to participate in PTA activities but, through the activities, they became more positive. There is a prevailing norm that tells mothers that they should help teachers as if they were servants and engage in PTA activities with modesty.

著者

斉藤 慎一 李 津娥 有馬 明恵 向田 久美子 日吉 昭彦

雑誌

東京女子大学比較文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638186)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, pp.1-32, 2010-01-01

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The Hanryu boom-strong interest in South Korean pop culture-has been rapidly expanding in many Asian countries since the late 1990s. Several years later, Japan was also witness to the Hanryu boom. The boom in Japan further advanced owing to the popular Korean soap opera “Winter Sonata,"which was first broadcast on NHK in 2003. Gradually, since the media attention decreased, the Korean craze died down in the past few years; however,the popularity of South Korean pop culture seems to have a strong hold in Japan.This study examines how people evaluated the Hanryu boom and whether the increased popularity of South Korean pop culture contributed to improvement in the Japanese perceptions of and attitudes toward South Korea.To address these research questions, we conducted a sampling survey from November to December 2006. One thousand Tokyo residents aged between 20 and 74 years were randomly selected from a Tokyo poll-book that listed all electorates. Each resident was sent a questionnaire by mail; 367 effective questionnaires were returned.Results show that respondents made relatively balanced judgments regarding the Hanryu boom. While many respondents thought that the Hanryu boom contributed to improvement in the relations between Japan and South Korea and advanced cultural exchange between the two countries, they also regarded the boom to have certain negative aspects. More than 60% of the respondents felt that the Japanese media reported the Hanryu boom in an exaggerated manner, and about 20% said that it put unresolved political issues, such as different historical perceptions between the two countries, on the backburner.The results reveal that many respondents still consider South Korea as a closed and traditional society, although they also regard it as an economic power. With regard to the influence of the Hanryu boom, the data shows that about 36% of the viewers of Korean TV dramas/movies developed a more positive perception of Korea.In addition, a multiple regression analysis

著者

萩原 滋 相良 順子 有馬 明恵 国広 陽子 上瀬 由美子

出版者

慶應義塾大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2002

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外国人や外国文化の表象を主題として、テレビのステレオタイピング過程を検討するために、異なるジャンルのテレビ番組を対象とした内容分析とそれに関連した質問紙調査を組み合わせた3種類の実証研究を実施した。第1に、1998年10月から2002年3月までゴールデンアワーに放送された『ここがヘンだよ日本人』というバラエティ番組における外国人出演者の言動と討議トピックスの詳細な分析を行った。そして、この番組において最も頻繁に登場し、顕現性の高い4つの外国文化のうち、日本人に馴染みの深いアメリカ、中国、韓国に比べると、馴染みの薄いアフリカに関して視聴者の社会認識が最も強く影響を受けることが明らかにされた。第2に、2002年5月23日から7月5日にかけて日韓共催のFIFAワールドカップに関するテレビ報道を対象とした内容分析を行い、この期間の報道量という点では、共催国の韓国に関して最も多くの報道がなされていたことが確かめられた。また大会前後に実施された質問紙調査を通じて、各国の人々の中では韓国人のイメージが最も大きな変化を示し、大会期間を通じて「自己主張が強い」「気性が激しい」など韓国人の感情的イメージが強化されたことが明らかにされた。第3に、2003年6月の第1週に東京の民放5局で放送されたテレビCMを分析した結果、やはり西洋イメージが広範に使用されていることが確認されると共に、最近では英語のテキストをキャッチフレーズとして使用する顕著な傾向が出現していることが示された。

著者

有馬 明恵

出版者

東京女子大学

雑誌

東京女子大学紀要論集 (ISSN:04934350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.199-218, 2023-03-30

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The purpose of this study is to reveal 1)the extent to which broadcast programs on Emperor’s abdication/enthronement-related ceremonies and events were watched by Japanese people, and 2)how it related to people’s national consciousness and cosmopolitanism. Based on the results, the role of media events will be discussed. Two hundred and ninety-nine Japanese(144 male and 155 female)recruited through a crowdsourcing service participated in the online survey. The results showed the following. Firstly, many Japanese became aware of the new era name, Reiwa , on TV or on the Internet at the moment it was announced. Secondly, the public shunned standardized solemn ceremonies. Thirdly, depending on whether the participants watched abdication/enthronement-related ceremonies and events, they were divided into three groups: the “non-viewing group,” who watched none of them; the “Heisei-focused group,” all of whom watched the “abdication ceremony”; and the “Reiwa-focused group,” none of whom watched the abdication but many of whom watched the “celebration parade.” Fourthly, there were statistically significant differences among groups in terms of national consciousness, respect and affection for the imperial family, and cosmopolitanism. The results indicate that the difference in exposure to media among Japanese people with respect to media events such as the Emperor’s abdication and enthronement needs to be considered with regard to the division of people caused by the diversification of media use.本稿の目的は、日本人の国民意識とコスモポリタニズム意識について、天皇の退位・即位関連儀式・行事に関する中継番組をテレビでどの程度視聴したかとの関連を明らかにし、国民意識の高揚に関わるメディア・イベントの役割について考察することである。クラウドソーシングサービスを通じて募集した299名(男性144名、女性155名)の日本人がWeb調査に協力した。結果は、多くの日本人は新元号の発表をテレビやインターネットでリアルタイムで知ったこと、一方、退位礼正殿の儀などの退位・即位関連の儀式をテレビで視聴する人は少なく、定型化された厳かな儀式は国民から敬遠されていることを示していた。また、退位・即位関連の儀式・行事の視聴有無により、調査協力者はそれらを一切視聴しなかった「非視聴群」、「退位礼正殿の儀」を全員が視聴した「平成重視群」、「退位礼正殿の儀」は視聴しなかったが「祝賀パレード」を多くの人が視聴した「令和重視群」に分かれることが明らかとなり、視聴タイプにより、日本人としての意識、皇室に対する尊敬と親しみ、コスモポリタニズム意識に違いが認められた。日本人にとって重要なメディア・イベントにおけるメディア接触の違いは、メディア利用の多様化がもたらす人々の分断について検討すべき課題の存在を示していよう。

著者

斉藤 慎一 李 津娥 有馬 明恵 向田 久美子 日吉 昭彦

出版者

東京女子大学比較文化研究所

雑誌

東京女子大学比較文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638186)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, pp.1-32, 2010

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The Hanryu boom-strong interest in South Korean pop culture-has been rapidly expanding in many Asian countries since the late 1990s. Several years later, Japan was also witness to the Hanryu boom. The boom in Japan further advanced owing to the popular Korean soap opera "Winter Sonata,"which was first broadcast on NHK in 2003. Gradually, since the media attention decreased, the Korean craze died down in the past few years; however,the popularity of South Korean pop culture seems to have a strong hold in Japan.This study examines how people evaluated the Hanryu boom and whether the increased popularity of South Korean pop culture contributed to improvement in the Japanese perceptions of and attitudes toward South Korea.To address these research questions, we conducted a sampling survey from November to December 2006. One thousand Tokyo residents aged between 20 and 74 years were randomly selected from a Tokyo poll-book that listed all electorates. Each resident was sent a questionnaire by mail; 367 effective questionnaires were returned.Results show that respondents made relatively balanced judgments regarding the Hanryu boom. While many respondents thought that the Hanryu boom contributed to improvement in the relations between Japan and South Korea and advanced cultural exchange between the two countries, they also regarded the boom to have certain negative aspects. More than 60% of the respondents felt that the Japanese media reported the Hanryu boom in an exaggerated manner, and about 20% said that it put unresolved political issues, such as different historical perceptions between the two countries, on the backburner.The results reveal that many respondents still consider South Korea as a closed and traditional society, although they also regard it as an economic power. With regard to the influence of the Hanryu boom, the data shows that about 36% of the viewers of Korean TV dramas/movies developed a more positive perception of Korea.In addition, a multiple regression analysisindicates that women, highly educated individuals, and heavy viewers of Korean TV dramas/movies were more likely to have a better percetion of Koreans.The data also demonstrates that while about 40% of the respondents perceived the current Japan-Korea relations to be relatively good, the remaining thought otherwise (about 60% regarded them as poor). A multiple regression analysis indicates that although demographic variables do not show significant associations with the perception of the Japan-Korea relations, those who favored the Hanryu boom and highly evaluated former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's foreign policies were more likely to consider the relations between the two countries to be good. In addition, the data from an open-ended question indicates that the respondents who judged the Japan-Korea relations to be good tended to do so mainly based on the augmented exchange of popular culture in recent years, while those who regarded the relations as poor were more likely to base their judgment on unsettled political or historical issues.

著者

有馬 明恵

出版者

東京女子大学

雑誌

東京女子大学紀要論集 (ISSN:04934350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.159-179, 2015-03

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近年、大学生の内向き志向が新聞などのマス・メディアで指摘されている。彼らの内向き志向には、異文化接触経験、外国に関する知識量、海外で働くことや生活することに対する態度などの心理的要因が影響を及ぼしていると考えられる。本稿では、海外勤務の可能性に対する見積もりがどのような異文化接触経験や心理的要因の影響をどの程度受けているのかを明らかにすることを試みた。その結果、グローバル意識のうち「海外志向性」は一貫して海外勤務の可能性に直接影響を与えること、外国人との親密な友人付き合いとテレビでのワールドカップ視聴は「海外志向性」に正の影響を及ぼすこと、マス・メディアは「海外志向性」に対する影響力が小さいこと、女性については愛国心やナショナリズムなど「海外志向性」に影響を及ぼす要因が男性よりも多いことなどが明らかにされた。結果から、グローバル意識を涵養するためには、幼少期より外国人との親密な対人関係を築く必要があることが示唆された。