著者

脇田 裕久 水谷 四郎 矢部 京之助

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.49-56, 1987-06-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

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It has been observed that the premotion silent period appears just before a rapid voluntary movement. This phenomenon is believed to be caused by one of the inhibitory discharge from the central nervous system. On the other hand, the silent period is also observed when muscles are relaxed by counter movement. The present study was designed to compare some physical performances of both silent periods. Twenty healthy males aged 18-24 years were subjected to a series of experiment. They were asked to maintain the posture of standing with flexed knee joint at about 50 degrees on the force plate. In the first condition, they were requested to extend their knee joint responding to a flashing lamp as quickly as possible (Non-counter movement). In the second condition, they were asked to extend knee joint as quickly as possible with counter movement to a flashing lamp. The EMG activities of M. rectus femoris, M. vastus lateralis, M. vastus medialis and M. biceps femoris were recorded using bipolar surface electrodes. Force curve from a force plate and electrogoniogram were recorded simultaneously. The following results were obtained from this experiment. 1) The rate of appearance in complete silent period was higher on the counter movement (M. rectus femoris: 37.8%, M. vastus lateralis: 81.6%, M. vastus medialis: 59.7%) than on the non-counter movement (28.2%, 57.6%,46.5%, respectively). 2) The latency of silent period was significantly later on the counter movement (M. vastus lateralis:132.8 msec, M. vastus medialis: 135.5 msec) than on the non-counter movement (119.4 msec, 116.4 msec,respectively). 3) The duration of silent period was significantly longer on the counter movement (M. vastus lateralis: 100.0 msec, M. vastus medialis: 96.6 msec) than on the non-counter movement (40.9 msec, 41.9 msec, respectively). 4) No significant difference in the rate of tension rise was found between the counter movement (3.7kg/msec) and the non-counter movement (2.7 kg/msec). 5) The peak value of the force curve was significantly greater on the counter movement (173.0 kg)than on the non-counter movement (141.2 kg). It is suggested from these results that the silent period of the counter movement delayed the reaction time (latency and duration) and increased the muscular strength in comparison with the premotion silent period.

著者

桜井 伸二 池上 康男 矢部 京之助 岡本 敦 豊島 進太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.143-156, 1990-09-01 (Released:2017-09-27)

被引用文献数

10 6

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Many joint actions are involved in the throwing motion of a fastball pitch; therefore, two dimensional (2-D) procedures are insufficient for analyzing the throwing motion. In this study,three dimensional (3-D) high-speed cinematography was used to record fastball pitches of varsity baseball pitchers. Two small reference sticks were fixed on the hands and forearms of the throwing arm of the subjects to detect their movements.The direct linear transformation (DLT) method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images filmed by two from 2-D images filmed by two phase-locked cameras (200 frames/s).The throwing arm has seven degrees of freedom of joint motion except in the fingers; three for the shoulder, one for the elbow, one for the radioulnar, and two for the wrist. Following seven joint angle changes corresponding to all these degrees of freedom were obtained throughout the pitching motion. 1) horizontal abduction/horizontal adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 2) abduction/adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 3) internal rotation/external rotation angle at the shoulder joint, 4) flexion/extension angle at the elbow joint, 5) pronation/supination angle at the radio-ulnar joint (forearm), 6) radial flexion/ulnar flexion angle at the wrist joint, 7) palmar flexion/dorsi flexion angle at the wrist joint. The results showed that horizontal adduction and internal rotation of the shoulder,extension of the elbow, pronation of the forearm, and palmar flexion of the wrist were the important joint actions for fastball pitching in baseball. Preliminary to these motions were motions in the opposite direction; e.g., horizontal abduction and external rotation of the shoulder,flexion of the elbow, supination of the forearm, and dorsi flexion of the wrist were detected.These motions in the opposite direction would be useful to extend the range of the motion in each joint angle. The results also appear to be connected to intrinsic muscle propertios, that greater power can be exerted during shortening of the muscle when it is stretched just before the shortening action.

著者

島岡 みどり 蛭田 秀一 小野 雄一郎 矢部 京之助

出版者

日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

産業衛生学雑誌 = Journal of occupational health (ISSN:13410725)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.227-233, 1995-07-20

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

著者

鶴池 政明 矢部 京之助 鶴池 政明 福嶋 利浩 三木 由美子

出版者

大阪体育大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

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本研究の結果から、重度障害者である頸髄損傷者の活動性能力(車いす移動能力)は、トレーニングにより腰髄損傷者や下肢切断者と同等のレベルまで達す可能性が考えられた。また、健康維持能力(自律神経機能)は、脊髄損傷からの受傷期間が長くなるに従い低下する傾向が認められ、より一層、建康維持に留意する必要があることが示唆された。さらに、電気刺激誘発による伸張反射から上肢の運動ニューロンの興奮性を評価する研究方法を構築し、今後、脊髄損傷者に応用できる可能性を見出した

著者

矢部 京之助 鶴池 政明

出版者

大阪体育大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2003

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本研究は、日常的にスポーツ活動を行っている脊髄損傷者(15名)の上肢と下肢の筋系および末梢循環系の機能と構造について調査した。被験者の中、7名に対して8週間(5種目、10RM・3セット、週3日)の上肢筋力トレーニングを実施させ、トレーニング前後の変化を測定した。結果は以下のようにまとめられる。1.スポーツ活動を行っている脊髄損傷者の上肢・下肢の安静時血流量は、健常者とほぼ同じ値であった。麻痺部の下肢が健常者と同等であった理由は、日常のスポーツ活動の効果と推察された。2.血管拡張能力は、健常者に比べ、上肢は優れていたが、下肢は劣り、拡張時間も延長する傾向が見られた。これは、脊髄損傷による自律神経機能の欠如が関連していることと示唆された。3.8週間の上肢筋力トレーニングは、上肢と下肢の筋系および末梢循環系の機能と構造に大きな変化を及ぼさなかった。これは、被験者の循環系機能が日常のスポーツ活動ですでに十分向上していたためと推察された。4.4週間の筋力トレーニング後、血圧の上昇が見られた。4週間でトレーニングを中止した被験者は、その後4週間でトレーニング実施前の血圧値に戻った。8週間トレーニングを継続した被験者は、さらに血圧が上昇する傾向にあった。しかし、全被験者のトレーニング後の血圧値は正常範囲内であった。以上の結果より、脊髄損傷者の日常的なスポーツ活動は、上肢の血管拡張能力を高め、下肢の安静時血流量を維持することが明らかになった。また、8週間の上肢筋力トレーニングは、上肢・下肢の筋系および末梢循環系の機能と構造に効果を及ぼすには至らなかった。これは、今回の被験者が現在継続しているスポーツ活動で上肢と下肢の筋系および末梢循環系の機能と構造が十分に発達していたためではないかと推察された。さらに脊髄損傷者が筋力トレーニングを行う際には血圧の管理が必要であることが示唆された。

著者

吉田 聡美 荒木 雅信 矢部 京之助 田中 信行

出版者

社団法人日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

no.56, 2005-11-01

著者

村上 雅俊 荒木 雅信 矢部 京之助 田中 信行

出版者

社団法人日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

no.56, 2005-11-01

著者

桜井 伸二 池上 康男 矢部 京之助 岡本 敦 豊島 進太郎

出版者

社団法人日本体育学会

雑誌

体育學研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.143-156, 1990-09-01

被引用文献数

8

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Many joint actions are involved in the throwing motion of a fastball pitch; therefore, two dimensional (2-D) procedures are insufficient for analyzing the throwing motion. In this study,three dimensional (3-D) high-speed cinematography was used to record fastball pitches of varsity baseball pitchers. Two small reference sticks were fixed on the hands and forearms of the throwing arm of the subjects to detect their movements.The direct linear transformation (DLT) method was used for 3-D space reconstruction from 2-D images filmed by two from 2-D images filmed by two phase-locked cameras (200 frames/s).The throwing arm has seven degrees of freedom of joint motion except in the fingers; three for the shoulder, one for the elbow, one for the radioulnar, and two for the wrist. Following seven joint angle changes corresponding to all these degrees of freedom were obtained throughout the pitching motion. 1) horizontal abduction/horizontal adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 2) abduction/adduction angle at the shoulder joint, 3) internal rotation/external rotation angle at the shoulder joint, 4) flexion/extension angle at the elbow joint, 5) pronation/supination angle at the radio-ulnar joint (forearm), 6) radial flexion/ulnar flexion angle at the wrist joint, 7) palmar flexion/dorsi flexion angle at the wrist joint. The results showed that horizontal adduction and internal rotation of the shoulder,extension of the elbow, pronation of the forearm, and palmar flexion of the wrist were the important joint actions for fastball pitching in baseball. Preliminary to these motions were motions in the opposite direction; e.g., horizontal abduction and external rotation of the shoulder,flexion of the elbow, supination of the forearm, and dorsi flexion of the wrist were detected.These motions in the opposite direction would be useful to extend the range of the motion in each joint angle. The results also appear to be connected to intrinsic muscle propertios, that greater power can be exerted during shortening of the muscle when it is stretched just before the shortening action.

著者

篠田 達明 村地 俊二 沖 高司 矢部 京之助

出版者

社団法人日本リハビリテーション医学会

雑誌

リハビリテーション医学 : 日本リハビリテーション医学会誌 (ISSN:0034351X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.5, pp.280-281, 1981-09-18