7 0 0 0 OA 殺虫用途の農薬への曝露とADHDを中心とした神経発達障害との関連についての疫学研究動向
- 著者
- 西原 進吉 荒木 敦子 宮下 ちひろ 山﨑 圭子 岸 玲子
- 出版者
- 北海道公衆衛生学会
- 雑誌
- 北海道公衆衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:09142630)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.2, pp.27-40, 2017-03-31
我が国では神経発達障害の子どもが増加傾向にある.近年,殺虫用途等で使用される農薬への曝露がその一因であるとも考えられている.そこで,本稿では,胎児期,乳幼児期,学童期における農薬曝露と,注意欠如/多動性障害を中心とした神経発達への影響に関する近年の研究動向について検討を行うことを目的とした.医学文献データベースPubMedを用いて,有機塩素系,有機リン系,ピレスロイド系,カーバメイト系,ネオニコチノイド系農薬と,注意欠如・多動性障害,不注意,多動,神経発達,行動発達を検索用語として,文献検索を行った.得られた176編の論文から,農薬と神経発達に直接関係する疫学論文40編に焦点をあてて検討した.その結果,有機リン系農薬については,胎児期曝露の影響がみられること,生後曝露の影響は一貫しないこと,有機塩素系農薬についても,胎児期曝露の影響を示す報告が多いことが示された.一方,ピレスロイド系農薬では,胎児期よりも出生後の影響が強い可能性が示唆された.カーバメイト系農薬については,胎児期曝露の影響が示唆されたが,論文数は2編のみであった.ネオニコチノイド系農薬については報告が1編のみであった.精神発達においては,検索内容に関する評価項目が多岐にわたり,また,影響が表出する年齢も異なる可能性があることから,農薬曝露と精神発達の関連についての研究報告数は,現状では不十分であり,さらなる研究の蓄積が望まれる.
5 0 0 0 OA 環境化学物質による次世代の性ホルモンへの影響
- 著者
- 荒木 敦子 伊藤 佐智子 宮下 ちひろ 湊屋 街子 岸 玲子
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本衛生学会
- 雑誌
- 日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.73, no.3, pp.313-321, 2018 (Released:2018-09-29)
- 参考文献数
- 60
- 被引用文献数
- 1
In recent years, the birthrate has been continuously declining in Japan. The main causes of the decline are social factors. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that many environmental chemicals show endocrine disrupting properties. Thus, we hypothesized that exposure to these chemicals would also be a causal for the fertility crisis. In this review, we examined current evidence that focused on environmental chemical exposure in utero and its association with reproductive hormones in children. We have included the findings from a prospective birth cohorts, the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health Sapporo cohort. According to the literature, environmental chemical levels in utero, such as polychlorinated biphenyl, dioxins, perfluorinated chemical substances, phthalates, and bisphenol A were somewhat associated with the levels of reproductive hormones, such as testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, inhibin B, and insulin-like factor-3 in cord blood, in early childhood and adolescence. The literature also suggests the association between exposure to these chemicals and brain-sexual differentiation or the anogenital distance, which suggests the disruption of androgen shower during the developmental stage in the fetal period. There are still knowledge gaps on whether these hormones at an early stage affect the pubertal development and reproductive functions in later life. In addition, alternative chemicals are produced after banning one type. The health effects of alternative chemicals should be evaluated. Effects of exposure to a mixture of the chemicals should also be examined in future studies. In conclusion, the prevention of environmental chemical hazards in relation to human reproductive function is important. It would be one of the countermeasures to the falling birthrate caused by fertility issues.
- 著者
- 岸 玲子 荒木 敦子 宮下 ちひろ 伊藤 佐智子 湊屋 街子 小林 澄貴 山﨑 圭子 アイツバマイ ゆふ 三浦 りゅう 田村 菜穂美
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本衛生学会
- 雑誌
- 日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.73, no.2, pp.164-177, 2018 (Released:2018-05-31)
- 参考文献数
- 69
- 被引用文献数
- 2
Since “Our Stolen Future” by Theo Colborn was published in 1996, global interest on the impact of chemical substances, such as the endocrine-disrupting action of chemicals, has increased. In Japan, “The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health: Malformation, Development and Allergy” was launched in 2001. It was a model of Japan Environment and Children’s Study of the Ministry of the Environment. In a large-scale, Hokkaido cohort, we obtained the consent of 20,926 mothers at the organogenesis stage with the cooperation of 37 obstetrics clinics in Hokkaido. We tracked the effects of endocrine disruptors on developmental disorders. In a small-scale Sapporo cohort, we observed in detail the neuropsychiatric development of children with the consent of 514 mothers in their late pregnancy. We examined how prenatal exposure to low concentrations of environmental chemicals affect the development of organs and the postnatal development of children. Maternal exposure to POPs, such as PCB/dioxins and perfluorinated alkyl substances, has affected not only children’s birth size, thyroid functions, and sex hormone levels, but also postnatal neurodevelopment, infection, and allergy among others. The associations of short-half-life substances, such as DEHP and BPA, with obesity, ASD, and ADHD have been investigated. Gene-environment interactions have been found for smoking, caffeine, folic acid, and PCB/dioxin. In 2015, our center was officially designated as the WHO Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention of Chemical Hazards, and we continue to the contribute to the global perspectives of child health.
- 著者
- 岸 玲子 吉野 博 荒木 敦子 西條 泰明 東 賢一 河合 俊夫 大和 浩 大澤 元毅 柴田 英治 田中 正敏 増地 あゆみ 湊屋 街子 アイツバマイ ゆふ
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本衛生学会
- 雑誌
- 日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.73, no.2, pp.116-129, 2018 (Released:2018-05-31)
- 参考文献数
- 28
- 被引用文献数
- 2 5
Recently, we have published a book containing evidence-based public health guidelines and a practical manual for the prevention of sick house syndrome. The manual is available through the homepage of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/06-Seisakujouhou-11130500-Shokuhinanzenbu/0000155147.pdf). It is an almost completely revised version of the 2009 version. The coauthors are 13 specialists in environmental epidemiology, exposure sciences, architecture, and risk communication. Since the 1970s, health problems caused by indoor chemicals, biological pollution, poor temperature control, humidity, and others in office buildings have been recognized as sick building syndrome (SBS) in Western countries, but in Japan it was not until the 1990s that people living in new or renovated homes started to describe a variety of nonspecific subjective symptoms such as eye, nose, and throat irritation, headache, and general fatigue. These symptoms resembled SBS and were designated “sick house syndrome (SHS).” To determine the strategy for prevention of SHS, we conducted a nationwide epidemiological study in six cities from 2003–2013 by randomly sampling 5,709 newly built houses. As a result 1,479 residents in 425 households agreed to environmental monitoring for indoor aldehydes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). After adjustment for possible risk factors, some VOCs and formaldehyde were dose-dependently shown to be significant risk factors. We also studied the dampness of the houses, fungi, allergies, and others. This book is fully based on the scientific evidence collected through these studies and other newly obtained information, especially from the aspect of architectural engineering. In addition to SHS, we included chapters on recent information about “multi-chemical sensitivity.”
- 著者
- 荒木 敦子 岸 玲子
- 出版者
- フレグランスジャーナル社
- 雑誌
- Aroma research = アロマリサーチ : journal of aroma science technology and safety (ISSN:13454722)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.14, no.2, pp.111-115, 2013