著者

Shinya Goto Darren K. McGuire Shinichi Goto

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.RV17062, (Released:2021-10-02)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

8

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Advances in High-performance computing (HPC) technology have reached the capacity to inform cardiovascular (CV) science in the realm of both inductive and constructive approaches. Clinical trials allow for the comparison of the effect of an intervention without the need to understand the mechanism. This is a typical example of an inductive approach. In the HPC field, training an artificial intelligence (AI) model, constructed by neural networks, to predict future CV events with the use of large scale multi-dimensional datasets is the counterpart that may rely on as well as inform understanding of mechanistic underpinnings for optimization. However, in contrast to clinical trials, AI can calculate event risk at the individual level and has the potential to inform and refine the application of personalized medicine.Despite this clear strength, results from AI analyses may identify otherwise unidentified/unexpected (i.e. non-intuitive) relationships between multi-dimensional data and clinical outcomes that may further unravel potential mechanistic pathways and identify potential therapeutic targets, therebycontributing to the parsing of observational associations from causal links. The constructive approach will remain critical to overcome limitations of existing knowledge and anchored biases to actualize a more sophisticated understanding of the complex pathobiology of CV diseases.HPC technology has the potential to underpin this constructive approach in CV basic and clinical science. In general, even complex biological phenomena can be reduced to combinations of simple biological/chemical/physical laws. In the deductive approach, the focus/intent is to explain complex CV diseases by combinations of simple principles.

著者

Daisuke Yamasawa Hideki Ozawa Shinichi Goto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0857, (Released:2023-12-05)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

著者

Shinichi Goto Shinya Goto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.11, pp.481-486, 2019-11-08 (Released:2019-11-08)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

14

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The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a fast, non-invasive, powerful tool to diagnose or to evaluate the risk of various cardiac diseases. The vast majority of arrhythmias are diagnosed solely on 12-lead ECG. Initial detection of myocardial ischemia such as myocardial infarction (MI), acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and effort angina is also dependent upon 12-lead ECG. ECG reflects the electrophysiological state of the heart through body mass, and thus contains important information on the electricity-dependent function of the human heart. Indeed, 12-lead ECG data are complex. Therefore, the clinical interpretation of 12-lead ECG requires intense training, but still is prone to interobserver variability. Even with rich clinically relevant data, non-trained physicians cannot efficiently use this powerful tool. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that 12-lead ECG may contain information that is not recognized even by well-trained experts but which can be extracted by computer. Artificial intelligence (AI) based on neural networks (NN) has emerged as a strong tool to extract valuable information from ECG for clinical decision making. This article reviews the current status of the application of NN-based AI to the interpretation of 12-lead ECG and also discusses the current problems and future directions.

著者

Hiroto Yabushita Shinichi Goto Sunao Nakamura Hideki Oka Masamitsu Nakayama Shinya Goto

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.59675, (Released:2020-10-02)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

5

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Aim: The clinically meaningful coronary stenosis is diagnosed by trained interventional cardiologists. Whether artificial intelligence (AI) could detect coronary stenosis from CAG video is unclear. Methods: The 199 consecutive patients who underwent coronary arteriography (CAG) with chest pain between December 2018 and May 2019 was enrolled. Each patient underwent CAG with multiple view resulting in total numbers of 1,838 videos. A multi-layer 3-dimensional convolution neural network (CNN) was trained as an AI to detect clinically meaningful coronary artery stenosis diagnosed by the expert interventional cardiologist, using data from 146 patients (resulted in 1,359 videos) randomly selected from the entire dataset (training dataset). This training dataset was further split into 109 patients (989 videos) for derivation and 37 patients (370 videos) for validation. The AI developed in derivation cohort was tuned in validation cohort to make final model. Results: The final model was selected as the model with best performance in validation dataset. Then, the predictive accuracy of final model was tested with the remaining 53 patients (479 videos) in test dataset. Our AI model showed a c-statistic of 0.61 in validation dataset and 0.61 in test dataset, respectively. Conclusion: An artificial intelligence applied to CAG videos could detect clinically meaningful coronary atherosclerotic stenosis diagnosed by expert cardiologists with modest predictive value. Further studies with improved AI at larger sample size is necessary.

著者

Masamitsu Nakayama Shinichi Goto Teppei Sakano Shinya Goto

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63798, (Released:2022-10-21)

参考文献数

33

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Aims: Whether the multi-dimensional data of serially measured blood pressure contains information for predicting the future risk of death in elderly individuals in nursing homes is unclear. Methods: Of the elderly individuals staying in a nursing home, 19,740 and 40,055 individuals with serially measured blood pressure from day 1 to 365 (for AI-long) and 1 to 90 (for AI-short) along with the death information at day 366 to 730 and 91-365 were included. The neural network-based artificial intelligence (AI) was applied to find the relationship between BP time-series and the future risks of death in both populations. Results: AI-long found a significant relationship between the serially measured BP from day 1 to day 365 days and the risk of death occurring 366-730 days with c-statistics of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.51-0.63). AI-short also found a significant relationship between the serially measured BP from day 1 to day 90 and the rate of death occurring 91-365 days with c-statistics of 0.58 (95%CI: 0.52-0.63). Conclusion: Our results suggest that neural network-based AI could find the hidden subtle relationship between multi-dimensional data of serially measured BP and the future risk of death in apparently healthy elderly Japanese individuals under nursing care.

著者

Masamitsu Nakayama Shinichi Goto Shinya Goto

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF BIORHEOLOGY

雑誌

Journal of Biorheology (ISSN:18670466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.68-75, 2022 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

42

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A1 domain of von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding with platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα play crucial roles in platelet adhesion and subsequent passive shape changes in the platelets such as pseudopod formation under high wall shear rate conditions. However, the effects of specific inhibitors of VWF binding with GPIbα on the length of pseudopods supporting platelet adhesion on VWF are still to be elucidated. Here we measured the length of pseudopods in the presence of VWF-GPIbα inhibitor of caplacizumab. The length of pseudopods was 6.5 ± 0.2 μm (mean ± 95% confidential interval [CI]) and 6.9 ± 0.2 μm (mean ± 95% CI) at 100 and 200 nM of caplacizumab concentrations and was longer than those formed in its absence (5.2 ± 0.2 μm, p < 0.05). Our experiments also revealed that the surface area coverage by platelets in the presence of caplacizumab at a concentration of 200 nM of 26.1 ± 6.4% after 60-second blood perfusion was smaller than its absence (45.2 ± 7.5%, p < 0.05). Our results suggest that fewer numbers of VWF-GPIbα bonds generating larger binding force with a longer length of pseudopods, support the platelet adhesion on VWF in the presence of caplacizumab at a wall shear rate of 1,500 s–1.

著者

Shinichi Goto Noriko Tamura Kengo Ayabe Eri Kato Terumitsu Hasebe Shu Takagi Yota Kawamura Shinya Goto

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF BIORHEOLOGY

雑誌

Journal of Biorheology (ISSN:18670466)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.30-34, 2017 (Released:2018-02-23)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

4 4

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Formation of thrombi is a complex biological event involving platelets and coagulation cascades. The both have been well investigated individually. However, the inter-relationship between them is still to be elucidated. The recent progresses in computer technology may allow us to simulate complex biological phenomena in silico. Here we report a novel method to reproduce the complex system of the inter-relationship between platelet and coagulation by combining the previous simulation model of platelet adhesion with the model of coagulation cascade. We have reproduced the biological process of thrombus growth occurring in the mice cremasteric artery induced by endothelial injury by FeCl3 with our newly developed computer simulator.

著者

Reiko Kudo Yuki Mikuniya Kazutaka Yamauchi Nami Shimizume Naomi Kudo Shinichi Goto Akira Sasaki Masataka Ando Yoshiko Takahashi Takuro Iwane Masahiko Tomiyama Atsushi Matsubara

出版者

Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine,Hirosaki Medical Society

雑誌

弘前医学 (ISSN:04391721)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.2-4, pp.138-145, 2021 (Released:2021-03-15)

参考文献数

16

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Objective: The incidence of dementia is increasing in developed countries, and early detection and treatment are important. Considering that olfactory disorders are correlated with cognitive dysfunction, olfactory testing might be a useful screening tool for dementia. In the present study, we investigated whether a simple olfactory test could predict the short-term progression of cognitive decline using data from a longitudinal study of a community-dwelling population. Subjects and Methods: Subjects were participants of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project, a community-based program aimed at improving average life expectancy. The subjects were examined using a 4-item modified Pocket Smell Test (mPST) and the Mini-Mental State Examination( MMSE) in 2016 and 2017. The relationship between the change in MMSE scores and olfactory identification ability in 2016 was analyzed in subjects with good MMSE scores in 2016. Results: Among participants in their 60s and 70s, the olfactory-impaired group showed significantly lower MMSE scores in 2017 than those of the good-olfaction group. Conclusion: Olfactory testing may be a tool for early detection of the onset of cognitive decline in elderly people.

著者

Shinichi Goto Takayuki Morikawa Akiko Kubo Keiyo Takubo Keiichi Fukuda Mayumi Kajimura Makoto Suematsu

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.70-79, 2018 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

6

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Carbon monoxide-generating heme oxygenase-2 is expressed in neurons and plays a crucial role for regulating hypoxic vasodilation through mechanisms unlocking carbon monoxide-dependent inhibition of H2S-generating cystathionine β-synthase expressed in astrocytes. This study aims to examine whether heme oxygenase-2 plays a protective role in mice against stroke. Focal ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Regional differences in metabolites among ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres were analysed by quantitative imaging mass spectrometry equipped with an image-processing platform to optimize comparison of local metabolite contents among different animals. Under normoxia, blood flow velocity in precapillary arterioles were significantly elevated in heme oxygenase-2-null mice vs controls, while metabolic intermediates of central carbon metabolism and glutamate synthesis were elevated in the brain of heme oxygenase-2-null mice, suggesting greater metabolic demands to induce hyperemia in these mice. In response to focal ischemia, heme oxygenase-2-null mice exhibited greater regions of ischemic core that coincide with notable decreases in energy metabolism in the contralateral hemisphere as well as in penumbra. In conclusion, these findings suggest that heme oxygenase-2 is involved in mechanisms by which not only protects against compromised energy metabolism of the ipsilateral hemisphere but also ameliorates transhemispheric diaschisis of the contralateral hemisphere in ischemic brain.