出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1921, no.477, pp.App5, 1921-11-26 (Released:2018-08-30)

著者

齋藤 佳敬 内山 数貴 坂本 達彦 山﨑 浩二郎 久保田 康生 武隈 洋 小松 嘉人 菅原 満

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.8, pp.1023-1030, 2021-08-01 (Released:2021-08-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

---

Denosumab is a fully monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and prevents skeletal-related events by bone metastasis. Hypocalcemia is the most typical adverse effect of denosumab use. We have developed a management system for the more efficient and safer management of denosumab administration, and evaluated pharmaceutical interventions for the better control of hypocalcemia. All pharmaceutical interventions in the system from April 2016 to March 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. We have also assessed the incidence of hypocalcemia in 158 patients who were administered denosumab for six months or more in the period. A total of 282 pharmaceutical interventions (7.0% of the total administration) were conducted. The most conducted intervention was regarding hypocalcemia, which involved the suspension of the injection and/or the increase of calcium and vitamin D supplement with 65% adoption and 17% temporary treatment suspensions. Other interventions were about hypercalcemia, request of laboratory examination and ordering supplements, dental consultation, and poor renal function. A total of 199 interventions (70.6%) were adopted, with 33 administrations suspended. The frequency of hypocalcemia was 27.8% with just one patient having grade 2 hypocalcemia, suggesting that there were no severe cases. Moreover, hypocalcemia was significantly normalized following pharmaceutical intervention and/or handling by physicians (p=0.02) according to the system. Conversely, the normalization rate in hypercalcemia did not differ according to the countermeasures. In conclusion, pharmaceutical interventions according to our management system benefit safe denosumab treatment, especially in severe hypocalcemia prevention.

著者

櫻井 秀彦 川原 昇平 多田 裕一郎 中島 史雄 猪狩 富夫 百瀬 晴彦 近藤 弘之 小森 雄太 早瀬 幸俊

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.7, pp.1115-1123, 2007 (Released:2007-07-01)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

24 14

---

Separation of the dispensing function and the prescribing function, Iyaku Bungyo, has been progressing in Japan. We are now witnessing the advent of a new society where patients select pharmacists and their satisfaction is recognized as one of the healthcare outcome indicators. It is necessary to clarify which factors affect patients' satisfaction with the services provided at community pharmacies and how they do so. A survey was conducted among 104 community pharmacies and their patients around the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan. The questionnaire comprised 11 items (observed variables), each with a five-grade scale. With the transformed data-oriented pharmacy, the percentage of being not unsatisfactory was examined in two multivariate analyses of the relation and structure of patient satisfaction with a community pharmacy. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with factor analysis (FA) was performed using the observed variables and latent factors. Multiple regression analysis was performed with comprehensive satisfaction as an independent variable, examining the factors that affect comprehensive satisfaction with the pharmacy. The result of the FA indicated three latent factors of instruction on the use of drugs, quality of staff, and environment, based on which SEM model was constructed with a relatively high goodness of fit index. The result of multiple regression analyses indicated almost all variables such as satisfaction with reception by the pharmacist affected the comprehensive satisfaction, but privacy did not show a significant effect. These results, notably the relationship between each variables and latent factors, suggested the importance of higher skills of pharmacists, service qualities at pharmacies, and their functions adjusted to the community.

著者

金森 久幸 森本 一義 木苗 直秀 富田 勲

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.7, pp.596-604, 1981

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Several amino acids and ammonia were allowed to react with L-ascorbic acid or D-glucose in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at 37°C for 2 months. The reaction mixtures were submitted to mutagenic assay and structural analysis. The browning products from L-tryptophan (0.25M) and L-ascorbic acid (1M) showed a DNA-damaging potency to B. subtilis. They also gave a mutagenic activity to S. typhimurium TA 100 but not TA 98. By extracting the reaction products with benzene and ethyl acetate, followed by purifying them through silica-gel column and thin layer chromatographies (Kiesel-gel 60), 6 β-carbolyl and 4 furyl derivatives were identified. Among them, 1-(2-furyl)-9H-pyrido-[3, 4-b] indole exhibited a mutagenic activity to S. typhimurium TA 100 with or without S-9 mixture and 1-(2-furyl)-9H-pyrido [3, 4-b] indole-3-carboxylic acid showed the activity to S. typhimurium TA 100 only in the absence of S-9 mixture.

著者

小川 竜一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.5, pp.637-644, 2018-05-01 (Released:2018-05-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

---

Training pharmacy students to become future clinical pharmacists is an important mission in the 6-year school of pharmacy curriculum in Japan. Since 2014, we have conducted an on-campus practical training program to develop basic skills in clinical pharmacy for third-year pharmacy students at Meiji Pharmaceutical University. This training program includes searching for and retrieving drug information; interpretation of laboratory findings, vital signs, and physical examinations; literature appraisal; and professional writing. These training sections are arranged in the above-mentioned order to facilitate effective understanding of each. In the literature appraisal section, each student group is assigned a report on a prospective controlled study of a given drug published in English and reads it critically according to the literature appraisal worksheet. Then the group writes a monograph on the drug described in the report based on the literature and other information. Thereafter, all students are reshuffled into new groups so that students who were assigned different drugs are placed together, in the so-called jigsaw learning method. Students then discuss which two or three drugs in a specific pharmacological class should be adopted in the hospital formulary according to the knowledge gained through this training program series. The themes were novel oral anticoagulants in the 2014 academic year, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in 2015, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors in 2016. Although there are some problems that need to be resolved in the future, this approach appears effective in helping students build drug information skills as a basic competence of clinical pharmacists.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.7, pp.778-780, 1954

---

In electrochromatography, five kinds of different filter paper holders were used and the velocity of migration, area of colored band, and migration distance of each position on the filter paper were measured under identical conditions so as to examine the separatory ability and equality of rate of each apparatus. It was thereby found that the best separation is effected by placing the paper in a convex form, with the middle higher, while for uniform mobility, the filter paper should be cooled directly by closely adhering the lower surface on a cooling vat.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.1, pp.62-66, 1954

被引用文献数

2

---

A filter paper wetted with an electrolyte was placed between two glass plates coated with a silicone resin. Electric current was passed through this paper in order to find the relationship between the time, voltage, electric current, and temperature with degree of mobility of numerous inorganic ions. It was found that a linear relation always existed, in any of the electrolyte used, between the distance of mobility and time and voltage. The effect of electric current was examined with sodium nitrate as an electrolyte and it was found that electric current did not influence the mobility of the ions as much as voltage. A metallic thermostatic vat, coated with insulating paint, was devised and the mobility of ions at various temperatures was examined and it was found that the mobility generally increased with the increase of temperature and this influence was found to be greater the larger the mobility of the ion. Influence of evaporation by the warming of the filter paper was quantitatively examined, using the Durrum apparatus, with either direct or alternative current as the electric source, from the relationship between the position of the sample placed and the distance of ionic mobility. It was thereby unexpectedly found that a great deal of effect was caused by evaporation.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.12, pp.1350-1353, 1953

被引用文献数

3

---

By the use of the same method of capillary filled with alumina as given in the previous paper, order of adsorption, limit of detection, separation of several kinds of anions, and the method of microdetection of I^-, NO₂^-, and CN^- ions were examined. It was found that the separations of Cl^- and PO₄^---, Cl^- and AsO₄^---, PO₄^--- and AsO₄^----, AsO₃^--- and AsO₄^---, I^-, CrO₄^--, and PO₄^---, NO₂^- and CrO₄^--, were possible. The coloration reagents used were, besides the known AgNO₃ method, CuCl₂, Hg(NO₃)₂, FeCl₃, and benzidine. Chromatographic separation of metal complexes were also carried out by the same method and the separation of Cr and Pb, which was previously reported as being comparatively difficult was found to be possible by preparing a tartaric acid complex, while that of cobalt, nickel, and cadmium waa found to be possible by the ammonium complex method.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.1, pp.66-68, 1954

被引用文献数

2

---

Relationship between the pH of the electrolyte solution and the degree of mobility was examined with inorganic ions. Electrolyte used were sodium nitrate, potassium thiocyanate, and tartaric acid series, and the ions detected were Ba⁺⁺, Pb⁺⁺, Cu⁺⁺, Zn⁺⁺, Ni⁺⁺, Fe⁺⁺⁺, Br^-, CNS^-, AsO₄^---, CrO₄^--, Fe(CN)₆^---, NO₂^-, and BO₃^---. Except in the case of extremely acid or alkaline range, the effect of pH was found to be rather small in inorganic ions in general, both in cations and anions. However, in the case of amphoteric metals, such as zinc, they behave similar to amino acids. Use of complex salt-forming electrolyte in the case of metallic ions, the effect of pH was found to be extremely great. In the case of tartaric acid electrolyte, metals were found to move as a cation in the acid range of lower pH while they behaved as anions in a higher pH range, and there is a certain pH (isoelectric point) at which each metal does not move at all. From these facts, it was found that the complex salt-forming electrolyte was suitable for the separation of metals.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.12, pp.1346-1350, 1953

被引用文献数

6

---

A glass capillary of approximately 0.8mm. inside diameter and approximately 10cm. long, filled with alumina and having a pinhole at one end was used as a means of detecting several kinds of mixed ions by suction of sample solution and coloration reagents into the capillary through the pinhole. Limit of detection of metallic ions by various coloration reagents was examined and the present method was found to be far sharper than the paper spot test and the best suited for the detection of a minute amout of ions. The feature of this method may be said to lie in the fact that only a minute amount of sample and alumina are needed and that the procedure is simple and time short.

著者

安永 峻五 下村 脩

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.12, pp.1353-1356, 1953

被引用文献数

3

---

By the determination of the stepwise change of pH in the absorption tube during cation adsorption and the amount of cerresponding anion adsorbed, precipitation of basic salt of metals was assumed, and following tests were carried out. Hydrogen ion concentration at the time of precipitation was determined with glass electrode pH meter and the relationship between pH at the time of absorption and the amount absorbed were examined by static adsorption, and it was found that the precipitation pH range and the order of adsorption were in good agreement and that the adsorption of cation became maximum in the precipitation pH range. From these facts, it was assumed that the adsorption of metallic ions by alumina was chiefly due to the precipitation of their basic salts. It was also found that the influence of anions was rather great in the adsorption of mercury salt, as the adsorption of mercury became extremely small in the presence of a chloride and this was assumed to be due to the formation of mercuric chloride of small degree of dissociation.

著者

佐藤 大作

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.134, no.2, pp.213-222, 2014-02-01 (Released:2014-02-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

5 5

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Circulating counterfeit medicines in the market is a public health threat. Counterfeit medicines become common problem, not only in developing countries, but also in industrialised countries, as internet has made them more accessible. In Japan, the recent survey on the medicines purchased through on-line pharmacy (targeting Japanese consumers) showed that the majority of erectile dysfunction (ED) medicines imported by individuals in Japan were counterfeit version. The survey of Japanese consumers, who privately imported medicines through on-line pharmacy, indicated that 16% of these consumers experienced adverse events associated with these products. Not only that it is just fake brand, but fake medicines may even cause health hazard. The counterfeit version of Avastin recently detected in the United States became a serious threat for those who desperately need these medicines for life-threatening disease. The Japanese regulatory authorities have provided risk information of counterfeit medicines to general public, as well as monitored on-line pharmacies and conducted enforcement action where necessary. However, more resources of compliance activity should be allocated to respond to the situation of growing threats of counterfeit medicines. Purchasing medicines from abroad through unauthorised channel is the major source of counterfeit medicines. It is essential to prevent circulation of counterfeit medicines through international collaboration of various regulatory authorities. To address these problems, the World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a new Member States Mechanism (MSM) to build network of the authorities. Also, INTERPOL (ICPO) initiated globally concerted enforcement actions (Operation Pangea) against pharmaceutical crime as well as built partnership with pharmaceutical industry to create Pharmaceutical Crime Programme. It is also necessary to prevent consumers encountering counterfeit medicines and to prevent health hazard. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has been actively involved in prevention and educational activities such as public awareness campaign. MHLW started anti-counterfeit medicines and new psychoactive substance project from February 2013, which centrally collects information about counterfeit medicines, in particular, and provides the risk information more effectively to the public. Japanese Government will work together with international community and contribute to combating counterfeiting through public and private partnership.

著者

朝比奈 泰彦

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.328, pp.626-643, 1909-06-26

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著者ハ本邦産延胡索科ノ一植物こまくさノ成分ヲ檢シ其ノ中ヨリ二種ノ植物鹽基ト一種ノ黄色無窒素結晶體ヲ抽出セリ植物鹽基ノ一ツハProsopinナルコトヲ證シ他ノ一ハ新シキ物質ニシテ著者ハコレヲDicentrinト命名シ其ノ集成ヲC_<20>H_<21>NO_4ト定メ各種ノ誘導體ヲ製シテコレヲ確證セリ、黄色結晶體ハC_<16>H_<12>O_7ナル集成ヲ有シ「ベルキン氏ノ「イソラムネチン」ト同一物ナルガ如シト

著者

小島 慧一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.10, pp.1155-1160, 2021-10-01 (Released:2021-10-01)

参考文献数

38

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Opsins (also called animal rhodopsins) are universal photoreceptive proteins that provide the molecular basis of visual and nonvisual photoreception in animals, including humans. Opsins consist of seven helical α-transmembrane domains and use retinal, a derivative of vitamin A, as a chromophore. In many opsins, light absorption triggers photo-isomerization from 11-cis retinal to all-trans retinal, resulting in activation via dynamic structural changes in the protein moiety. Activated opsins stimulate cognate trimeric G proteins to induce signal transduction cascades in cells. Recently, molecular and physiological analyses of diverse opsins have progressively advanced. This review introduces the molecular basis and physiological functions of opsins. Based on the functions of opsins, I will discuss the potential of opsins as target molecules to treat and prevent visual and nonvisual diseases such as sleep disorder and depression.

著者

三浦 孝次 池田 政男 大橋 冨次 岡田 いく子 五十嵐 良子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.4, pp.341-345, 1964

被引用文献数

5

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Antitumor activity of a large number of nitrofuran derivatives of quinoline was tested with mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor EY-33. Pure strain healthy <i>ddN</i> mice, weighing 18-22g., were intraperitoneally inoculated with this Ehrlich ascites tumor. After 24 hours, 0.2ml. of 5% glucose solution of the test compound was injected intraperitoneally, once a day for 7 days, to test antitumor activity. Normal mice inoculated with this ascites tumor generally died from accumulation of the ascites after about 10-19 days. Compounds were considered effective when the mice survived 50 days after the inoculation of the ascites. The compounds found to be effective by this test were sodium 2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-4-quinolinecarboxylate (I), 2-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-vinyl]-4-aminoquinoline lactate (II), and 4-[2-(5-nitro-2-furyl)vinyl]-2-aminoquinoline lactate (III). For the sake of comparison, panfuran hydrochloride and mitomycin-C were tested at the same time.<br>The data obtained with these compounds were as follows (given in the order of the name of compound, LD₅₀ in mg./kg., ED₆₀ in mg.&times;kg., and C. I.): I, 240, 20, 12; II, 23.8, 1, 23.8; III, 26.3, 5, 5.2; panfuran hydrochloride, 72.5, 0, 0; mitomycin-C, 5.2, 0.5, 12.4.<br>In order to clarify the action mechanism of these compounds, their action in suppressing the dehydronase of Ehrlich ascites tumor, and syntheses of nucleic acid and protein by <i>coli bacilli</i> was examined. It was presumed from its results that the antitumor action of I was due mainly to the suppression of dehydrogenase action, and that of II and III to the suppression of dehydrogenase action and DNA synthesis.

著者

片山 歳也 松田 浩明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1261-1265, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

11

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At small or mid-sized medical institutions, such as Japanese community hospitals, adequate infectious disease physicians (IDP) are lacking, mainly due to shortages of full-time pharmacists and IDPs who support antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) activities. With our hospital AST, we developed a multidisciplinary approach based on the interim reports of culture results or detected resistant bacteria for physicians, which are written by pharmacists and clinical laboratory technicians. At the AST conference, a pharmacist works as a chairman and reviews abstracts of cases which need to be discussed. We performed a retrospective analysis of the process and outcome of AST implementation, and introduced the use of reduction data for our hospital, obtained from Japan Surveillance for Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology (J-SIPHE). This program is important for pharmacists to promote the diagnostic process and comprehensive judgment necessary for bedside practice with infectious disease cases. We offer opportunities for pharmacy students to participate in the AST conference to learn how pharmacists consult with doctors about diagnosis and treatment. At present, the cooperation between AS and diagnostic stewardship (DS) has been emphasized, and improvements in a pharmacist's overall judgment regarding infectious disease cases are required to appropriate antimicrobial use. In addition, improving communication skills is essential for building a multidisciplinary approach. Regardless of the size of the facility, the role of pharmacists in AST should be implemented for the guidance of pharmacy students, which will help develop and secure future human resources at the facility.

著者

山口 智江 平松 久典 宮原 兼二 伊藤 功治 中根 茂喜

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1257-1260, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

5

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Since 1997, Chubu Rosai Hospital has been establishing the proper use of various antibacterial drugs through the activities of an infection control team (ICT), introduction of a notification system for specific antibacterial drug use, and intervention of ward pharmacists for individual cases. There is no infectious disease department, and we have been working closely with each other on multiple occupations. As an initiative, we established the Nagoya Southern Infection Countermeasures Meeting in 2006 and conducted antimicrobial use and resistance (AUR) surveys to promote the proper use of antimicrobial agents within the area. In April 2018, we formed an antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) and initiated activities. In addition, an AST pharmacist can share the AST results with the ward pharmacist, for proper use of antibacterial drugs and for early monitoring of infectious disease treatment and appropriate intervention, thus improving the efficiency of the ward pharmacist's work. This program will also lead to the development of training programs for the younger generation of pharmacists.

著者

塩田 有史 三鴨 廣繁

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1249-1251, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

6

---

Since 2018, high expectations have been placed on the efforts of pharmacists in infectious disease diagnostic aid via Japan's antimicrobial stewardship team (AST). We will explain this while describing the process of diagnostic aid at our institution, a university hospital, and taking into account the point of view of what is required of pharmacist by infection control doctors when performing infectious disease diagnostic aid as well. At our hospital, we implement AST rounds as infectious disease diagnostic aid for positive blood cultures, bacterial culture results, fever, long-term administration of anti-bacterial medication, example consultation cases, etc. The number of rounds has been increasing over time, totaling 5654 cases in 2018. When performing infectious disease diagnostic aid, failure to also bear in mind infection control measures can result in failed treatment and outbreaks, so AST must coordinate with infection control team (ICT). Furthermore, when engaging in infectious disease diagnostic aid, pharmacists must also participate in clinical research in order to improve the quality of treatment. Although it also depends on the facility environment they are affiliated with, it would seem to be necessary for pharmacists to verify the knowledge obtained from clinical data using a fundamental approach. Moreover, conducting education for the doctor, pharmacist, and nurse trainees who make up their fellow and future staff is another vital role of AST pharmacists.

著者

吉長 尚美 久斗 章広 北井 見和 久光 由香 三五 裕子 吉田 耕一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1253-1255, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)

参考文献数

2

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Over the last decade, many public institutions have emphasized the importance of antimicrobial stewardship (AS) in reducing the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In our facility, we have tackled AS that has adapted to clinical practices since 2015. In many facilities, especially university hospitals, multidrug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria, may cause infections. Considering this, we recommend prompt treatment with suitable antibiotics and dosage. In AS teams, pharmacists are responsible for administering pharmacotherapy, including optimal dosage for each patient. Therefore, they should assess their patients carefully, implement thorough therapeutic drug monitoring, and utilize the information obtained from these assessments to administer optimal pharmacotherapy. However, optimal pharmacotherapy also requires a correct diagnosis. Although diagnostic stewardship is not a pharmacist's work, it is a great opportunity for pharmacists to learn how expert physicians think. Based on the type of situation above, we train younger pharmacists on the job.

著者

塩田 有史 三鴨 廣繁 松元 加奈

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.141, no.11, pp.1247-1248, 2021-11-01 (Released:2021-11-01)