著者

佐々木 正 兼松 顕 大瀬 誠子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.10, pp.977-983, 1964-10-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

22

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Some diphenyl derivatives were visualized, imitating the A and C rings in the morphine skeleton with the C ring substituted with a phenyl group, as shown in Table I. On the assumption that the angle of A and C rings is necessary for these compounds to show analgesic action by their contact with the cells in the action site, examinations were made for the syntheses of 9-substituted 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene and 5-substituted 9, 10-dihydro-5H-dibenzo [a, b] cycloheptene.1) 9, 10-Dihydro-9-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid (IV) was obtained in a good yield by the reduction of 9-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid (X) with sodium amalgam. Curtius reaction of the azide of IV afforded ethyl 9, 10-dihydro-9-phenanthrenecarbamate (XIV) but this substance was extremely labile and underwent decomposition on being left at room temperature to form phenanthrene. The acid amide compounds (XVII and XVIII) of IV were stable.2) Reaction of 5-amino-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo [a, b] cycloheptene (XXII) with methyl iodide in the presence of alkali gave 5-dimethylamino compound (XXIII). Amination of 10-bromo compound (XXV) was attempted in order to obtain 10-dimethylamino compound but the product was found to be 5H-dibenzo [a, b] cyclohepten-5-one (XXVI).

著者

奈女良 昭 西田 まなみ 屋敷 幹雄 木村 恒二郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.12, pp.1271-1277, 2006-12-01 (Released:2006-12-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

---

In emergency and critical care medicine, it is important to guess which poisons that patients have taken or been exposedto. The assumption and identification of save lives. Therefore an accurate screening system is required to treat acute poisoning patients in clinical toxicology. However, the ability of a medical center is not sufficient to analyze poisonous substances using analytical equipment. Moreover, the handling and maintenance of the equipment are tedious and costly. To improve these problems, a simple detection method should be established to identify poisons and to treat acute patients in emergency and critical care medicine. In our laboratory, various supports have been attempted for the training of analysts who cope with poisoning incidents and accidents due to toxic substances. Moreover, a simple detection method for toxic substances utilized in the medical center was developed without using expensive analysis apparatus. However, it is impossible to detect and identify chemical warfare agents in a clinical laboratory, because of possible secondary exposure to such dangerous substances in insufficient analytical laboratory equipment. Therefore it is necessary to contact related organizations possessing the proper facilities.

著者

淺野 三千三 兼松 鐵雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.5, pp.384-390, 1931-05-26 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

近藤 平三郎 鈴木 衡平 里見 政吉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.9, pp.369-374, 1941

著者

比良野 矯

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1925, no.520, pp.567-577, 1925

著者

堤 竹蔵 今井 俊吾 山田 勝久 山田 武宏 笠師 久美子 小林 正紀 井関 健

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.7, pp.1055-1061, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

---

Linezolid (LZD), an antimicrobial agent against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrates good bone and joint penetration, and is used for prosthetic bone and joint infections. Recently, we observed vomiting in several patients administered LZD. However, there are few reports on the incidence rate of, and risk factors for, LZD-induced nausea and vomiting. In this study, we aimed to verify the relationship between LZD administration and vomiting. Patients administered LZD at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Hokkaido University Hospital between November 2008 and December 2017 were enrolled in the study. The primary endpoint was the comparison of the vomiting rate between patients administered LZD (LZD group) and those administered other antibiotics (non-LZD group). For the secondary endpoint, to verify the risk factors of vomiting, a univariate logistic regression analysis was performed. In total, 130 patients were included in this study; 77 patients in the LZD group, and 53 in the non-LZD group. Vomiting occurred in 18 patients in the LZD group and 4 patients in the non-LZD group (23.4% and 7.5%, respectively); this was significantly higher in the LZD group. In the univariate logistic regression analysis, LZD administration, gender (female), age ≥65 years, renal impairment (creatinine clearance <60 mL/min) and concomitant use of rifampicin were extracted as potential risk factors of vomiting. The results of this study reveal a possible relationship between LZD administration and vomiting.

著者

鈴木 理珠 鈴木 匡 菊池 千草

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.7, pp.1047-1054, 2019-07-01 (Released:2019-07-01)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4

---

In 2015, Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare released a report on the need for pharmacies to support public health, although the details of such a service was left to each pharmacy. Consequently, pharmacists had to determine the nature of such services. We considered the services that pharmacists could offer to improve people's lifestyles. This study tests such a service at a pharmacy. We prepared a lifestyle self-review test. From September 2015 to February 2016, pharmacists interviewed members of the community using the test, and pharmacists at 50 pharmacies in Aichi prefecture, Japan, set goals for lifestyle improvement. We analyzed 289 tests. The number of people who had a dietary goal concerning snacking was reduced from 19 people who snacked every day to 11. The number of people who had a goal to reduce their drinking was reduced from 7 people who drank every day to 4. The number of people who had an exercise goal was reduced from 17 people who did not exercise every day to 7. The people who had a sleep goal increased the number of days in which they got adequate rest. Those who had specific, tangible goals for walking achieved their goal at a higher rate than did those who had a goal but no tangible elements, such as time spent or number of steps achieved. Overall, the lifestyle self-review at the pharmacy was effective for lifestyle improvement. Pharmacists should help people set goals with tangible elements to improve their lifestyle more effectively.

著者

松林 貞太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1909, no.329, pp.818-826, 1909

被引用文献数

1

著者

福井 裕行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.1, pp.15-25, 2007-01-01 (Released:2007-01-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Histamine H1 receptors are down-regulated as one step in receptor desensitization. Five phosphorylation sites of the H1 receptor seem to play a key role in receptor down-regulation. In contrast, an increase in the H1 receptor expression level following its mRNA elevation was found in the nasal mucosa in hypersensitivity model rats. Up-regulation of the H1 receptor was induced by the direct stimulation of the H1 receptor. H1 receptor up-regulation was suppressed by pretreatment with antiallergic agents.

著者

山﨑 寛之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.5, pp.663-672, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

49

---

Marine environments offer a rich source of natural products with potential therapeutic applications because the ocean covers 70% of the earth's surface and approximately 80% of all living organisms live in the sea. Therefore we have investigated bioactive compounds from marine organisms such as marine sponges, ascidians, and marine-derived microorganisms. This review consists of two topics based on marine natural product chemistry. (1) Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B plays a key role as a negative regulator in the insulin and leptin signaling pathways. Accordingly, the development of PTP1B inhibitors is expected to provide new drugs for type 2 diabetes and obesity. We have been searching for new types of PTP1B inhibitors among marine organisms and identified various PTP1B inhibitors from marine sponges and fungi. This review presents their structural diversities and unique biological properties. (2) In the course of our studies on the induced production of new fungal metabolites, the Palauan marine-derived fungus, Trichoderma cf. brevicompactum TPU199, was found to produce the unusual epipolythiodiketopiperazines, gliovirin and pretrichodermamide A. Long-term static fermentation of the strain induced production of a new dipeptide, dithioaspergillazine A, whereas fermentation of the strain with NaCl, NaBr, and NaI produced the Cl and Br derivatives of pretrichodermamide A and a new iodinated derivative, iododithiobrevamide, respectively. Moreover, DMSO-added seawater medium induced the production of diketopiperazine with the unprecedented trithio-bridge, chlorotrithiobrevamide. This fermentation study on the strain as well as the structures of the metabolites obtained are described in this review.

著者

竹野 芳次郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1919, no.454, pp.1066-1067, 1919

著者

平居 貴生 髙木 三千代 中島 健一 井上 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.6, pp.861-866, 2019-06-01 (Released:2019-06-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

---

Brown adipose tissue is a critical regulator of metabolic health, and contributes to thermogenesis by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation through the action of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). Recent studies have shown that cold exposure and the stimulation of β3-adrenergic receptors induce the development of brown cell-like “beige” adipocytes in white adipose tissue. Brown and/or beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis suppresses high-fat diet-associated obesity. Therefore, the development of brown/beige adipocytes may prevent obesity and metabolic diseases. In the present study, we elucidated whether naturally occurring compounds contribute to regulating the cellular differentiation of brown/beige adipocytes. We screened for the up-regulated expression of Ucp1 during beige adipogenesis using extracts of crude herbal drugs frequently used in Kampo prescriptions (therapeutic drugs in Japanese traditional medicine). This screening revealed that the extract prepared from Citri Unshiu Pericarpium [the peel of Citrus unshiu (Swingle) Marcov.] increased the expression of Ucp1 in beige adipocytes. We also focused on the function of clock genes in regulating brown/beige adipogenesis. Therefore, another aim of the present study was to evaluate naturally occurring compounds that regulate brain and muscle Arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) gene expression. In this review, we focus on naturally occurring compounds that affect regulatory processes in brown/beige adipogenesis, and discuss better preventive strategies for the management of obesity and other metabolic disorders.

著者

木村 健

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.127, no.2, pp.245-256, 2007-02-01 (Released:2007-02-01)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 3

---

Pharmacist can make an impact on patients' quality of life by providing clinical interventions. These interventions are to be shared with other healthcare professionals and to be utilized to improve quality of care. As an attempt to provide a better care, pharmacists are making patients' record that contains patients' medical history, laboratory values, and conditions. These services are reimbursed by insurance. However, there are some concerns regarding fees for services provided by pharmacists; i.e., fees for patients' instructions are too expensive. One of the problems could be the fact that pharmacist-generated patients' record is not used or utilized by other healthcare personals and it is used only for the purpose of getting reimbursed. Therefore, it is necessary for pharmacists to realize the real purpose of making patients' record and create patients' records that will allow other healthcare professionals to make better therapeutic decisions. Such patients' record should have following characteristics: 1) The record to accomplish the systemic patient care management; 2) The record to share information in the team of medical treatment; 3) The record to define the pharmacist's role in the patient care; 4) The record that is available for the education of the pharmacist's problem-solving abilities; and 5) The record that can be disclosed to the patient and can be a legal basis. Thus, pharmacists should acquire the skills to make higher quality record. In this context, the pharmacy school should cooperate with hospital and community pharmacists, in order to establish education systems for development of these skills.

著者

中山 晋介 寺本 英已

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.10, pp.1345-1354, 2016 (Released:2016-10-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

---

The umami taste amino acid, glutamate acts as a signaling molecule in multiple cellular systems in the body, including the brain and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, glutamate may affect appetite by modulating gastrointestinal motility as well as through taste perception. In this study, we examined the effect of glutamate on gastric emptying and duodenal motility, by using rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy male volunteers participated in the measurements. Abdominal coronal MR images were successively acquired after ingestion of a liquid meal with and without monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). Image analysis was performed with a homemade segment software, in which respiratory motions were cancelled automatically by minimizing an energy function, thereby allowing participants breathe freely during MRI measurements. In two out of 10 participants, gastric emptying slowed down, while in the remaining eight participants, gastric residual volume decreased to 84% without MSG, and to 73% with MSG after 60 min. The inclusion of MSG enhanced duodenal motility, judging from changes in, 1) the magnitude of the duodenal area, 2) the center of gravity, and 3) the mean velocity of the wall motions. The third parameter most significantly indicated the excitatory effect of MSG on duodenum motility (3-7 fold increase). In conclusion, the present observations of rapid MRI indicate that MSG accelerates gastric emptying by facilitating duodenal motility, at least in healthy subjects with positive responses to MSG. This suggests the possible use of MSG as a prokinetic nutrient for improving the quality of life in hospitalized patients after a clinical assessment.

著者

加藤 精一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1915, no.398, pp.431-433, 1915-04-26 (Released:2018-08-30)

著者

中瀬(高谷) 朋夏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌. 乙号 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.11, pp.1195-1199, 2013

被引用文献数

4

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&nbsp;&nbsp;The diabetes patients have been associated with an increased risk of mortality by breast cancer, and there are differences in the regimen choice and effects of breast cancer treatment between the breast cancer patients with diabetes and their nondiabetic counterparts. However, the pathophysiological relationships of diabetes and breast cancer have not yet been elucidated in detail, therefore its evaluation is strongly required to achieve novel treatment strategies for breast cancer with hyperglycemia. Extracellular circumstances of cancer cells can influence the growth and behavior, resulting in invasion, metastasis and tumor development. We demonstrated that breast cancer cells, MCF-7, cultured in hyperglycemic level significantly promotes the motile activity in comparison to normal physiological glucose level. Moreover, Zn²⁺ uptake activity into cellular cytosol and the mRNA expression of zinc transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10, in the high glucose-exposed cells were shown to be especially higher than in the physiological glucose level. The depletion of intracellular Zn²⁺ by zinc chelation and ZIP6 or ZIP10 knockdown blocked the high migration activity, indicating that Zn²⁺ transported <i>via</i> ZIP6 and ZIP10 plays an essential role in the promotion of cell motility stimulated in high glucose level. These findings provide a proposing target of the novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer with hyperglycemia.<br>

著者

松木 則夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.116, no.9, pp.710-718, 1996-09-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

7 9

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In this review, I have attempted to provide an overview of the pathways by which cytotoxic drugs induce emesis. The mechanisms of serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists and new antiemetics are also discussed. Old data especially from the experiments employing area postrema ablation must be re-evaluated because it is likely that the operation has damaged other important nucleus in the brain stem. Therefore, the concept of the chemoreceptor trigger zone and "vomiting center" proposed by Borison et al. in 1950s is questionable. Nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic drugs have been a serious problem in anti-cancer therapy and prompted lots of scientists to find the mechanism and to develop antiemetics. Effectiveness of 5-HT3 antagonists were shown in late 1980s, and now they are clinically available. I have investigated their mechanisms using Suncus murinus and proposed that the pathways by which cisplatin, one of most emetogenic drugs, induces emesis are as follows : 1) cisplatin is converted to an active metabolite (s), 2) the metabolite (s) somehow produces oxygen free radicals in the enterochromaffin cells, 3) the free radicals release serotonin, 4) the released serotonin stimulates 5-HT3 receptors located on the vagus afferents, 5) impulses are transmitted to the brain stem, or emetic pattern generator and initiate emetic reflex. Therefore, scavengers of free radicals and antioxidants can be a new type of antiemetic drug.

著者

大石 晴樹 畑山 泰道 白石 浩己 柳沢 和也 佐方 由嗣

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.3, pp.300-303, 1985-03-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

8 8

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An attempt has been made to develop an automated instrument that measures the turbidity change in gelation reaction of a solution containing endotoxin and Limulus amoebocyte lysate, and quantifies endotoxin by determining gelation time of the sample. This instrument monitors the ratio R (t) of the sequential to the initial transmittance of up to 64 samples simultaneously and independently at 10 s increments. As the samples are stationarily incubated at controlled temperature of 37±0.5°C, the objective judgement of gelation is provided without any disturbance from sample vibration. Defining gelation time as the time required to obtain 5% decrease of R (t), the well correlated calibration curve was obtained for endotoxin concentration from 1 pg/ml to 100 ng/ml. The coefficients of variation of the calculated endotoxin concentration were 5.64 to 14.1%. The judgement of gelation by this method agreed well with that by the conventional gel-clot method when the proper measuring time (about a half of that by the conventional method) was selected.

著者

藤原 博 石田 説而 島崎 義男 内藤 誠之郎 土谷 正和 松浦 脩治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.5, pp.332-340, 1990-05-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 3

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The amounts of endotoxin in commercial blood products were measured by the turbidimetric kinetic Limulus test with an ordinary reagent (LAL-HS) and a new endotoxinspecific reagent (LAL-ES). LAL-ES contains a sufficient amount of a water-soluble (1→3)-β-D-glucan derivative as a blocker of the (1→3)-β-D-glucan-mediated coagulation pathway in the reaction of the Limulus amebocyte lysate. The amounts of endotoxin in alubumin and globulin products measured with LAL-ES agreed with pyrogenic activities in rabbits, but those measured with LAL-HS did not. Added endotoxin in the blood products was well recovered with LAL-ES, but that in some products was excessively recovered with LAL-HS. The amounts of endotoxin in diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus combined vaccines measured with LAL-HS and LAL-ES agreed with the pyrogenic activities in rabbits. The results suggested the existence of a false-positive substance like β-glucan in the blood products but not in the vaccine. LAL-ES is more suitable for the detection of endotoxin in blood products than LAL-HS.

著者

栗尾 和佐子 小西 元美 奥野 智史 中尾 晃幸 木村 朋紀 辻 琢己 山室 晶子 山本 祐実 西川 智絵 柳田 一夫 安原 智久 河野 武幸 荻田 喜代一 曽根 知道

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.134, no.11, pp.1199-1208, 2014 (Released:2014-11-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 1

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The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, offers the Self-improvement and Participatory Career Development Education Program: Internship and Volunteer Training Experience for Pharmacy Students to third-year students. We previously reported that the training experience was effective in cultivating important attributes among students, such as a willingness to learn the aims of pharmacists, an awareness of their own role as healthcare workers, and a desire to reflect on their future careers and lives. A follow-up survey of the participants was carried out three years after the training experience. The questionnaire verified that the training experience affected attendance at subsequent lectures and course determination after graduation. We confirmed the relationship between the participants' degree of satisfaction with the training experience and increased motivation for attending subsequent lectures. Through the training experience, participants discovered future targets and subjects of study. In addition, they became more interested in subsequent classroom lessons and their future. The greater the participants' degree of satisfaction with their training experience, the more interest they took in practical training and future courses. The present study clarified that the training experience was effective in cultivating important attributes such as a willingness to learn and an interest in future courses. Moreover, the training positively affected the course determination after graduation.