著者

高橋 酉蔵 岡田 寿太郎 上田 善子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.2, pp.260-264, 1960-02-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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In order to examine analgesic activity, dimethylaminoethyl and dimethylaminopropyl 6-chloro (methoxy or ethoxy)-2-benzothiazolecarboxylates were prepared. 2-Benzothiazolecarboxylic acids were obtained by the reaction of ethyl 4-chloro (methoxy or ethoxy)-oxanilate and phosphorus pentasulfide to form ethyl thioöxanilates, hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to thioöxanilic acids, and cyclized with potassium ferricyanide in alkaline aqueous solution. The acids were derived to the acyl chloride with phosphorus pentachloride and condensed with dimethylaminoethanol or dimethylaminopropanol. These esters underwent decomposition in the air to form 6-chloro-(methoxy or ethoxy)-benzothiazole.Dimethyl- or diethyl-aminoethyl and dimethyl aminopropyl 6-chloro- or 6-ethoxy-2-benzothiazolepropionate were prepared by the application of sulfuric acid in methanol to N-(p-chlorophenyl)- or N-(p-ethoxyphenyl)-succinimide to form methyl succinanilates, reacted with phosphorus pentasuifide to form N-phenylthiosuccinimides, and cyclized with sodium hydroxide to thiosuccinanilic acids, which was further cyclized with potassium ferricyanide to 2-benzothiazolepropionic acids, derived to aryl chlorides with thionyl chloride, and finally condensed with dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylaminopropanol, or diethylaminoethanol.

著者

大嶋 直浩

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.2, pp.173-177, 2017-02-01 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1 5

---

Ephedra Herb is a crude drug for the treatment of headache, bronchial asthma, nasal inflammation, and the common cold. Although it has been considered that ephedrine alkaloids (EAs) are the principal active ingredients of Ephedra Herb, EAs are known to induce palpitations, hypertension, insomnia, and dysuria as major side effects. Therefore, the administration of EAs-containing drugs to patients with cardiovascular-related diseases is strongly contraindicated. Previously, we isolated herbacetin 7-O-neohesperidoside from Ephedra Herb. In addition, we found that herbacetin, a flavonoid aglycone in Ephedra Herb, had antiproliferative and analgesic effects. Therefore, the prospect of preparing safer natural medicines without the adverse effects associated with EAs was appealing. In this symposium review, to achieve the aim of producting a clinically useful Ephedra Herb extract with none of the adverse effects associated with EAs, I present an efficient preparation method of EAs-free Ephedra Herb extract, together with its chemical composition, antiproliferative effects, and a putative marker for quality control.

著者

大村 智

出版者

日本薬学会

雑誌

薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.9, pp.p729-757, 1986-09

被引用文献数

1

著者

羽田 益吉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1914, no.389, 1914

著者

井浪 義博 安東 嗣修 佐々木 淳 倉石 泰

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.11, pp.1225-1230, 2012 (Released:2012-11-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The primary function of surfactants is to remove dirt, exfoliated corneum cells, and microorganisms from the skin. However, the use of toiletries such as soaps and shampoos containing surfactants may cause adverse effects such as cutaneous irritation, dryness, and itching. Recently, skin pathologies, including dry skin, rough skin, and sensitive skin, have increased because of changes in living conditions and lifestyle. Although many people with skin pathologies complain of itching during and/or after skin washing using detergents, the mechanisms of detergent-induced itch are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying surfactant-induced itching. We found that topical application of an anionic surfactant sodium laurate at an alkaline pH, but not N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt at neutral pH, to mouse skin induced scratching, an itch-related response. Additionally, we found that the sodium laurate-induced scratching was inhibited by H1 histamine receptor antagonist, but not mast cell deficiency. Sodium laurate application increased histamine content and the level of the active form (53 kDa) of L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC) in the mouse epidermis, but not the dermis. Furthermore, addition of sodium laurate to a human epidermal cell culture increased histamine release and HDC levels, without affecting cell viability. These results suggest that surfactants with alkaline properties are pruritogenic and that the pruritus is induced by the histamine released from epidermal keratinocytes. The increase in histamine release may be attributable to the activation of HDC in epidermal keratinocytes.

著者

奥田 拓男 毛利 和子 寺山 香代子 樋口 恵子 波多野 力

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.99, no.5, pp.543-545, 1979

被引用文献数

10

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Geraniin was isolated from herbs of Geranium carolinianum, G. wilfordii, G. wilfordii var. hastatum, G. sibiricum var. glabrius, G. tripartitum, and G. yoshinoi, and also from root bark of Triadica sebifera. The isolations were improved by application of droplet counter-current chromatography. Hyperin was isolated from G. carolinianum, and quercetin from G. yoshinoi.

著者

丸山 桂司 竹内 保男 大藏 直樹 根岸 文子 秋山 暢 金子 一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.6, pp.819-825, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-06-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

---

The quality of chest compression affects survival after sudden cardiac arrest, particularly when it occurs out of hospital. Pharmacy students should acquire basic life support skills as part of the model core curriculum of pharmacy education. Here, we trained first-year students at the Faculty of Pharmacy to deliver cardiopulmonary resuscitation and used a manikin with a real-time feedback device that quantified chest compression skills. Students were classified into shallow compressions (SC; <50 mm) and deep compressions (DC; ≥50 mm) groups based on the depth of chest compressions measured prior to training. After training, the mean compression depth (mm) was significantly shallower for the SC, than the DC group and many students in the SC group did not reach a depth of 50 mm. Similarly, students were classified into slow compression rate (SR; ≤120/min) and rapid compression rate (RR; >120/min) groups based on the results of training in the rate of chest compressions. Significant differences in mean compression rates were not found between the groups. However, correct compression rate (%), the percentage of maintaining 100-120 compression/min was significantly higher in the SR, than in the RR group. Chest compression rates correlated with compression depth, and chest compression tended to be too shallow in group that was too fast. The quality of chest compression might be improved by delivering chest compressions at a constant rate within the recommended range.

著者

川島 嘉明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.10, pp.1386-1391, 1969

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Berberine was extracted from slices of Berberis thunbergii, cut into various sizes (#1-#4), with water and methanol at 37&deg;. Results of analysis of extraction rate, indicated that the mechanism of extraction consists of washing, diffusion, and capillary extraction, and mass transfer coefficients for each mechanism were determined. Comparing with the extraction of berberine from the cortex of phellodendron, <SUP>3)</SUP> mass transfer coefficients were distinctly larger.

著者

福原 有信

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1886, no.57, pp.457-462, 1886

著者

福原 有信

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.357-365, 1885

著者

福原 有信

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.288, pp.i-iii, 1906-02-26

著者

後藤 實 野口 友昭 渡邊 武

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.5, pp.464-467, 1958-05-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2 7

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Crude drugs and plants, numbering 229 kinds, were examined for principles having uterus contracting action and it was found that an extract of Lespedeza bicolor var. iaponica NAKAI (family Leguminosae) showed a comparatively strong action. From the result of various tests, the active principle of this plant was assumed to be an alkaloid and the principle was extracted y the usual method, affording white prisms melting at 47-48°. A molecular formula of C12H16N2 was given for this substance from elemental analyticalvalues and molecular weight determination. There has been no report of identification of this kind of a substance fro the Lespedeza sp. and the substance was tentatively named alkaloid L.Ultraviolet absorption spectrum and various tests indicated the alkaloid L to possess an indole ring and a side chain of dimethylaminoethyl group was assumed to be attached to its 3-position. The alkaloid L was therefore derived to its methiodide and it was found that this methiodide was identical with N, N-dimethyltryptamine methiodide in respect to its melting point, elemental analyses, and infrared absorption spctrum. Therefore, the alkaloid L would be N, N-dimethyltryptamine. A dose of 50mγ/cc. of this alkaloid contracted excised uterus of a hamster. The effect of N, N-dimethyltryptamine on the tryptophan demand of Lactobacillus arabinosus, with tryptophan as the essential growth factor, was examined by microbiological assay but no effect was found to be exerted on fungal growth.

著者

長井 長義

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1909, no.329, pp.739-751, 1909-07-26 (Released:2018-08-31)

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エフェドリン」ハ著者カ始メテ麻黄中ヨリ發見シタル鹽基ニシテ著者ハ明治十八年以來之カ研究ニ從事シ其構造ヲ殆ント完全ニ解明スルヲ得タリシヲ以テ更ニ之カ合成ヲ企畫シ實驗漸ク其緒ニ就カントスルニ當リ助手ノ他ニ轉職スルニ會/之ヲ中止スルノ已ムヲ得サルニ至リシカ今回獨逸ノ藥化學者シュミット氏ハ「エフェドリン鹽基ノ合成ニ著手シ其方針ノ著者カ十餘年前既ニ案出セシモノニ接近セルヲ知リ著者ハ同研究ヲ再興シ昨冬以來收メ得タル業蹟ヲ報告セリ

著者

阿久津 守

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.5, pp.693-697, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 3

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The number of persons arrested in Japan for drug-related offenses in 2016 increased from the previous year. Especially, cannabis offenses have increased since 2014, with more than 2000 persons arrested in 2015. As a feature of the year 2017, we analyzed many cannabis concentrates, called “Cannabis wax”, in the process of analyzing cannabis in the Narcotics Control Department. “Cannabis wax” refers to concentrates of the hallucinogenic component of cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Increasingly, cannabis wax containing 50 times higher THC than general dry cannabis has been confiscated. More than 2300 compounds are currently regulated as new psychoactive substances in Japan. In a recent trend, there is an increasing number of cases in which a wide range of regulated substances have been seized and confiscated, ranging from those that have been abused for a long time, to those that are newly regulated. Many structural isomers are present among these, and we are constantly developing techniques for the rapid and accurate analysis of these compounds.

著者

中島 美津子 孫 大輔 川村 和美 内海 美保

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.1, pp.117-121, 2015-01-01 (Released:2015-01-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The concept of interprofessional work (IPW) is becoming increasingly important recently and the role of nurses in IPW seems critical. In Japan, the problem of burnout and turnover of nurses has been recognized, and the solution seems embedded in the scheme of IPW, because it appears to improve their job satisfaction and recognition as health professionals. However, many obstacles lie ahead, such as “tribal conflict” between health professionals including between pharmacists and nurses. Although failure to understand the roles of other professionals or competencies may seem to hamper with the promotion of collaboration, we must realize that even a lack of understanding among nurses exists. The authors believe that the solution is to understand and respect not only other professionals but also colleagues of the same profession.

著者

木村 友美 加藤 大輔 西村 拓矢 James Van Schyndle 宇野 慧 吉田 正貴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.5, pp.701-710, 2020-05-01 (Released:2020-05-01)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1

---

We previously reported that anticholinergic (AC) drug use increases with age in the elderly Japanese population. In this analysis, we investigated attribution for each AC drug type to total AC burden using different elderly age groups. Prescription records (from 09/23/2015 to 12/31/2016) for outpatients using any AC were extracted from pharmacy claims (primary source) and hospital-based databases. AC burden (number of AC drugs and AC score) and AC type were assessed using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) scale, Anticholinergic Drug Scale (ADS), Anticholinergic Risk Scale (ARS), and Beers criteria. Age was categorized using three subgroups (65-74, 75-84, and ≥85 years). Overall, 125426, 140634, 35628, and 23149 of the pharmacy outpatients received ≥1 AC drug from the ACB scale, ADS, ARS, or Beers criteria, respectively. The number of AC drugs increased with age for the ACB scale and ADS groups; but decreased for the ARS and Beers criteria. Antihypertensives provided the biggest contribution to AC score using the ACB scale and ADS, and antihistamines for the ARS. Proportional attribution to AC score typically increased with age for antihypertensives (ADS highest proportion: 34.6% for ≥85 years) and cardiac agents, but decreased for antihistamines (ARS lowest proportion: 15.3% for ≥85 years), corticosteroids, and antiepileptics. Similar findings were typically observed for the hospital database. In conclusion, antihypertensives were the principal type of AC drugs using the ACB scale and ADS and their attribution to AC score increased with age. Antihistamines were the principal drug type for the ARS.

著者

向井 潤一 丸山 沙季 尾鳥 勝也 久保田 理恵

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.4, pp.591-598, 2020-04-01 (Released:2020-04-01)

参考文献数

23

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Few studies have examined the relationship between the use of antidepressants and the onset of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in Japan. We herein explored the possibility of this relationship using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER). The present study included 20 individual antidepressants, consisting of 6 subclasses, which have been approved for use in Japan. We used Standardized MedDRA Queries 20000041 to extract patients who developed hyperglycemia/new onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in JADER between April 2004 and September 2016. We calculated reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We also calculated odds ratios defined as the ratio of odds of hyperglycemia/NODM to all other adverse drug events (ADEs) by the age cut-off group or sex in the cases of antidepressants. The lower limit of 95%CI of RORs for 13 antidepressants (imipramine, clomipramine, nortriptyline, amitriptyline, amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin, sertraline, paroxetine, escitalopram, duloxetine, mirtazapine, and trazodone), which included all subclasses, exceeded 1. Younger age group was associated with hyperglycemia/NODM for 5 antidepressants (imipramine, amitriptyline, maprotiline, duloxetine, and trazodone), and female was associated with the ADEs for trazodone, although these results should be interpreted cautiously. Healthcare personnel need to be aware that the use of antidepressants may lead to hyperglycemia/NODM.

著者

大坪 達弥 辻 琢己 梅山 貴生 首藤 みほ 米須 香那 松本 美菜子 吉田 侑矢 坂野 理絵 友金 幹視 藤田 敦夫 河野 武幸 三上 正

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.3, pp.363-369, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-03-01)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 5

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Local venous pain caused by dacarbazine (DTIC) injection is due to its photodegradation product 5-diazoimidazole-4-carboxamide (Diazo-IC). The production of Diazo-IC can be decreased by protecting the drug from light. Furthermore, the production of Diazo-IC reportedly increases with time; however, there are no studies reporting the association between the injection preparation time and local venous pain caused by the DTIC injection. We evaluated the efficacy of the following: (1) method used to shorten the injection preparation time and (2) method used to change the diluting solution for DTIC. We found that shortening the injection preparation time tended to decrease the local venous pain expression due to DTIC, and Veen F decreased the production of Diazo-IC compared with the normal saline and 5% glucose solution. These results indicate that shortening the injection preparation time may be effective in preventing the local venous pain caused by the DTIC injection; moreover, using Veen F for DTIC may also reduce the pain.

著者

津田 恭介 伊藤 四十二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.10, pp.905-910, 1964-10-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

著者

中本 賀寿夫 小畑 友紀雄 平澤 明 金 啓二 金 守良 徳山 尚吾

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.4, pp.583-589, 2016-04-01 (Released:2016-04-01)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2 2

---

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by the pathological accumulation of fat in the liver in the absence of any other disease related to liver steatosis, which includes a wide spectrum of liver diseases ranging from mild asymptomatic fatty liver to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Recently, it was reported that NAFLD is characterized by the impaired bioavailability of liver n-6 and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). That is, compared with healthy individuals, steatosis and steatohepatitis patients have higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios. Furthermore, per recent research, decreasing the intake of total fats and increasing the intake of n-3 PUFAs may be beneficial in the treatment of NAFLD. In contrast, some reports describe that NASH patients have more metabolic abnormalities than NAFLD patients; however, these are not influenced by dietary fatty acids. Thus, at present, various opinions exist regarding the efficacy of n-3 PUFA in the treatment of NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the considerable interest n-3 PUFA has attracted as a potential treatment for NAFLD.