著者

上蓑 義朋

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.4, pp.203-204, 2019-12-27 (Released:2020-01-31)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Augustin JANSSENS

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.5-6, 2014 (Released:2015-02-26)

参考文献数

8

著者

浜田 信行

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.77-87, 2017 (Released:2017-07-29)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4

---

In April 2011, the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended reducing the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye. Since then, discussions toward implementation of such a revised dose limit into national law have been made in various countries. In the United States of America (US), the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) established Scientific Committee 1-23 (SC 1-23) in January 2014 to provide guidance on whether existing dose limits for the ocular lens should be changed in the US, to which the author of this paper served as Consultant. In January 2017, NCRP published Commentary No. 26 “Guidance on radiation dose limits for the lens of the eye” which was prepared by SC 1-23. With this Commentary, NCRP now recommends reducing the occupational dose limit for the lens from equivalent dose of 150 mSv/year to absorbed dose of 50 mGy/year along with the use of relative biological effectiveness value for high linear energy transfer radiation. This review provides an outline of this Commentary.

著者

高畠 賢 砂押 正章 金 小海 森岡 孝満

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.28-34, 2018 (Released:2018-06-05)

参考文献数

49

著者

野口 宏 加藤 正平

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.49-59, 1985 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

54

---

The literature on conversion of tritium gas to tritiated water in various environments is reviewed. The conversion mechanisms and the conversion rates are as follows.1. In the oxidation with oxygen and the isotopic exchange with water, tritium β-rays and metal catalyst are effective. The oxidation rate is -0.02%/day at initial tritium concentration ≤10-2Ci/l and -2%/day at 1Ci/l. In the presence of oxygen and water, it is not clear whether the exchange reaction occurs or not because of the small amount of data.2. For biological conversion, soil microorganisms contribute significantly. The conversion rate is greater than 10%/hr. The tritium gas deposition velocity, which includes the uptake rate of tritium gas by soil and the conversion. rate, ranges from 0.0025 to 0.11cm/sec and is influenced by temperature and moisture of the soil.3. Tritium gas is converted to the tritiated water througn the reaction with hydroxyl radical produced by sunlight in the atmosphere.

著者

中谷内 一也

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.4, pp.391-396, 1999 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

17

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This paper discusses the threshold of carcinogen risk from the viewpoint of social psychology. First, the results of a survey suggesting that renunciation of the Linear No-Threshold (LNT) hypothesis would have no influence on the public acceptance (PA) of nuclear power plants are reported. Second, the relationship between the adoption of the LNT hypothesis and the standardization of management for various risks are discussed.

著者

石榑 信人 仲野 高志 榎本 宏子

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.302-307, 1998 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

21

著者

Mochamad Adhiraga PRATAMA Shogo TAKAHARA Shinji HATO

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.3, pp.200-209, 2017 (Released:2017-11-15)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2

---

The purpose of this study is to identify the significance of the change in the intestinal absorption rate values the (ƒ1 value) to the change of ingestion dose coefficient following an acute intake of 134Cs and 137Cs. This study also attempted to provide a simple calculation method of ingestion dose coefficients given a specific value of ƒ1 and age groups by using linear regression models. In the range of 0-1, 10 different values of ƒ1 for 1-year, 5-year-old, and the adult group were chosen and used in a separate calculation by using, a biokinetic compartment model, DCAL. It was found that the lower values of ƒ1 lead to a significant decrease of the committed effective dose coefficient for an adult. Oppositely for children, the decrease of the coefficient was not as significant. This study also suggests that the significance of dose coefficient change due to the variation of ƒ1 substantially depends on the biological half-life of the radionuclide, the fraction of absorbed energy and the mass of organs and tissues in human body.

著者

井上 義教 藤田 稔

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.93-99, 1973 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

21

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This is a brief investigation of biological dosimetry for human subjects. During the past decade techniques have been developed for the analysis of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes. As a result, a vast amount of studies on chromosome aberrations induced by radiation in human lymphocytes have been carried out. These studies have revealed the relationships between aberration frequencies and absorbed doses. At present this method appears to be the most readily quantifiable one of biological dosimetry available.The problems associated with the use of this method in estimating radiation dose are discussed. These problems include time of sampling after irradiation, culture time, dose rate, type of radiation, temperature at the time of irradiation, etc.

著者

赤羽 恵一 飯本 武志 伊知地 猛 岩井 敏 大口 裕之 大野 和子 川浦 稚代 立崎 英夫 辻村 憲雄 浜田 信行 藤通 有希 堀田 豊 山崎 直 横山 須美

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.153-156, 2014 (Released:2015-07-18)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 2

---

A brief review is given of the history and methodology of external dosimetry for the lens of the eye. Under the 1989 revision to domestic radiological protection regulations, the concept on the effective dose equivalent and the dose limit to the lens of the eye (150 mSv/y) both introduced in the ICRP 1977 recommendations has changed nationwide the external monitoring methodology in non-uniform exposure situations to the trunk of a radiological worker. In such situations, which are often created by the presence of a protective apron, the worker is required to use at least two personal dosemeters, one worn on the trunk under the apron and the other, typically, at the collar over the apron. The latter dosemeter serves the dual purpose of providing the dose profile across the trunk for improved effective dose equivalent assessment and of estimating the dose to lens of the eye. The greater or appropriate value between Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), given by the dosemeter, is generally used as a surrogate of Hp(3) for recording the dose to the lens of the eye. The above-mentioned methodology was continued in the latest 2001 revision to the relevant regulations.

著者

赤羽 恵一 飯本 武志 伊知地 猛 岩井 敏 大口 裕之 大野 和子 川浦 稚代 立崎 英夫 辻村 憲雄 浜田 信行 藤通 有希 堀田 豊 山崎 直 横山 須美

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.2, pp.128-137, 2015 (Released:2016-01-09)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

---

While the revised dose limit for the lens of the eye was presented by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the dose measurement standards for the lens of the eye have been discussed in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). In the International Basic Safety Standards of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a new ICRP dose limit of the lens of the eye was included, and a technical document was published as a guidance on the implications of the new dose limit for the lens of the eye for occupational radiation protection. By the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA) Task Group on Implementation of Revised Dose Limits to the Lens of the Eye, the opinions for the new ICRP dose limit for the lens of the eye are investigated for the member states. In this paper, the progress of discussion in these organizations is reported.

著者

赤羽 恵一 飯本 武志 伊知地 猛 岩井 敏 大口 裕之 大野 和子 川浦 稚代 立崎 英夫 辻村 憲雄 浜田 信行 藤通 有希 堀田 豊 山崎 直 横山 須美

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.76-89, 2015 (Released:2015-12-18)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

2 4

---

For many Japanese radiation workers in the medical, nuclear and other industrial fields, the equivalent dose of the lens of the eye will be sufficiently lower than the new ICRP dose limit. However, the dose of the lens of the eye for medical staff members who are engaged in interventional radiology and cardiology may exceed the new ICRP dose limit, especially when they are exposed closely to higher scatter radiation for a long time. In addition, the radiation dosimetry and radiation protection for emergency and recovery workers in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP1) are important issues. Thus gathering information related to the radiation dose and protection for Japanese radiation workers is important to a discussion regarding implementation of the new ICRP dose limit for the lens of the eye for Japanese regulations and planning radiation dose reduction measures. In this paper, recent studies and issues regarding radiation exposure and protection in the medical, nuclear and other industrial fields, as well as for emergency and recovery workers in the FNPP1 were summarized.

著者

赤羽 恵一 飯本 武志 伊知地 猛 岩井 敏 大口 裕之 大野 和子 川浦 稚代 立崎 英夫 辻村 憲雄 浜田 信行 藤通 有希 堀田 豊 山崎 直 横山 須美

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.67-75, 2015 (Released:2015-12-18)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

3

---

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) have been defined operational quantities and protection quantities. Dose limits have been also recommended by the ICRP using protection quantities. These quantities and some related values for main radiation such as photons, electrons, and neutrons, are summarized in this article with some historical considerations. The ICRP indicated conversion coefficients for the lens of the eye as absorbed dose per fluence as protection quantities. Equivalent dose is not used because a protection quantity that uses radiation weighting factors is not intended to be calculated for tissue reactions. So far, the ICRP has not indicated a specific RBE value for cataract formation. Operational quantities are used for measurements. There have been three types of phantoms, namely a slab phantom, a reduced phantom, and a cylindrical phantom, but none of them has been definitely recommended for the lens of the eye by the ICRP or the ICRU. Although conversion coefficients to personal dose equivalent, Hp(3), for electrons have been recommended, no other conversion coefficients to personal dose equivalent for the lens of the eye has been indicated by the ICRP or the ICRU. However, there have been several studies described personal dose equivalent. Ambient dose equivalent, H*(3), and directional dose equivalent, H'(3,a), have been indicated in several limited conditions by the ICRP and the ICRU. These status are overviewed in this article.

著者

下 道国

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.369-374, 1984 (Released:2010-02-25)

著者

内田 滋夫 村松 康行 住谷 みさ子 大桃 洋一郎

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.149-157, 1989 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

藤波 直人 西内 一 渡辺 哲也 都築 英明 伊吹 勝藏

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.305-311, 1997 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1 2

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In order to examine the dispersion of tritium released from the Takahama nuclear power plant into Uchiura Bay, seawater was sampled at three stations off the release point every two months. Tritium concentrations in these samples were determined. Simultaneously, the surface temperature of the seawater was also recorded at 25 points around the sampling stations. Observed data indicated that on those occasions when the sampling coincided with the release of tritium from the plant, the contribution of released tritium could be temporarily detected within the dispersion area of thermal effluent.

著者

緒方 裕光 馬替 純二

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 : hoken buturi (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.331-340, 2005-12-01

参考文献数

58

---

In this paper, an outline of the biological and epidemiological evidence for radiation protection is presented together with the strengths and limitations of these studies in radiation risk evaluation. Various types of research can provide useful information to complement the risk estimates based on atomic-bomb survivor studies, particularly the effects of low-dose and lowdose rate radiation. Some basic issues in synthesizing scientific information for radiation risk evaluation are also discussed.

著者

Shigenobu NAGATAKI

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.370-378, 2010 (Released:2011-07-12)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 7

---

The latest knowledge encompass findings presented both in individual scientific publications and in internationally accepted reports. This review summarizes the latest knowledge on radiobiological effects on the latter level, using studies of atomic bomb survivors and victims of Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. First of all, it is important to note that while examining individual patient, it is impossible to distinguish a radiation-induced cancer patient and non-radiation-induced cancer patient even when using state-of-the-art techniques. Therefore, investigation of radiation effects on humans, especially late health effects has been based on the epidemiological and statistical methods. Based on studies on atomic bomb survivors, it is well accepted that there is a linear increase in the risk of cancer with the increase of radiation dose. However, the existence of a threshold is a controversial issue, and health effects with regards to non-cancer diseases are not yet accepted by international authorities. Childhood thyroid cancer has increased after the Chernobyl accident and more than several thousands children are affected by it. However, there is no proof that any disease, with the exception of thyroid cancer and acute radiation effects, has increased after the Chernobyl accident. Finally, it should be mentioned that providing scientific explanation of the results to general public is an honorable duty of concerned scientists.

著者

佐々木 康人 小田 啓二 甲斐 倫明 酒井 一夫 桐生 康生 宮崎 振一郎 米原 英典

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 : hoken buturi (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.191-210, 2008-09

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The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) published the 2007 Recommendation of ICRP as the publication 103 of Annals of ICRP at the end of the year 2007. Owing to the transparency of revision process for the 1990 recommendation (Publ. 60) the understanding of as well as the interest in the new recommendation prevailed widely in the past 9 years. The Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) made contribution to the revision by providing valuable comments on the drafts. Now members of the society are expected to express their insights on the future regulatory aspects of radiological protection and safety based on deep understanding of the new recommendations. In this issue of the Japanese Journal of Health Physics authors who participated in the Symposium of JHPS describe various aspects of new recommendations and its applications to future regulations in Japan. The authors wish that this article will help members of JHPS for better perception of the new recommendation and deep insight on the new principles of radiological protection and their application to regulations.

著者

神田 玲子 辻 さつき 米原 英典

出版者

Japan Health Physics Society

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.68-78, 2014

被引用文献数

3

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In general, the press is considered to have amplified the level of public's anxiety and perception of risk. In the present study, we analyzed newspaper article headlines and Internet contents that were released from March 11, 2011 to January 31, 2012 using text mining techniques. The aim is to reveal the particular characteristics of the information propagated regarding the Fukushima NPP Accident. The article headlines of the newspapers which had a largest circulation were chosen for analysis, and contents of Internet media were chosen based on the number of times they were linked or retweeted. According to our text mining analysis, newspapers frequently reported the "measurement, investigation and examination" of radiation/radioactive materials caused by the Fukushima Accident, and this information might be spread selectively via the social media. On the other hand, the words related to health effects of radiation exposure (i. e., cancer, hereditary effects) were rare in newspaper headlines. Instead, words like "anxiety" and "safe" were often used to convey the degree of health effects. Particularly in March of 2011, the concept of "danger" was used frequently in newspaper headlines. These indirect characterizations of the situation may have contributed more or less to the misunderstanding of the health effects and to the enhanced perception of risk felt by the public. In conclusion, there were found no evidence to suggest that newspapers or Internet media users released sensational information that increased the health anxiety of readers throughout the period of analysis.