著者

荒木 友希子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.104-113, 2012-08-20 (Released:2013-09-06)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Defensive pessimists are considered to be adaptive because of their high academic performance. However, there are few experimental studies on this topic. Defensive pessimism (DP) in Japanese university students was investigated using the experimental procedure developed by Norem and Illingworth (1993). We investigated how DP individuals perform after experiencing failure using the learned helplessness paradigm and assessed salivary amylase activity as an empirical physiological parameter. The participants were prescreened into DP or strategic optimist (SO) groups and randomly assigned to either the d-condition, in which they had to list their thoughts about an upcoming task; or to the s-condition, in which they worked on a clerical accuracy task. After these manipulations, participants were asked to perform three arithmetic tasks, constructed such that all questions in the first and third tasks were solvable, but some questions in the second task was insolvable. An ANOVA indicated that there were no significant main effects or interactions on the performance of the first task after the manipulation. Anxiety of DP/d group was higher than in the SO/d group. These results question the validity of the DP experimental paradigm. On the third task, after the participants experimented failure, the DP group performed significantly worse than the SO group, suggesting that stress tolerance in the DP group was lower than in the SO group.

著者

橋本 久美 高橋 憲男 浜上 尚也 清水 陽平 安田 千尋 平藤 雅彦 千丈 雅徳

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.49-55, 2007-06-25 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

29

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There are no studies reported on the salivary serotonin concentrations in adolescent patients suffering from impulsive behavior. In order to elucidate the role of serotonin in impulsivity, salivary serotonin concentrations of nine psychiatric patients and nine normal participants were measured. Both groups also completed the SSS scale (Zuckerman et al., 1978). Salivary serotonin level of patients with impulsivity was higher than that of the normal group (p = 0.040, Mann-Whitney). Moreover, the Dis scale of the patients was lower than that of the normal participants. The results were incongruent with our working hypothesis. Further research is required to clarify the relation between salivary serotonin concentrations and impulsivity.

著者

小牧 一裕

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.2-10, 1994 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 8

---

This study examines the effects of social support on the relationship between job stressors and mental health. Job stressors (role conflict, role ambiguity, underutilization of skills, quantitative work overload, qualitative work overload) and social support (emotional and instrumental support from co-worker, senior colleague and supervisor) were used to predict employees' mental health (depression) among 590 female employees. The results showed that 1) senior colleague support had more important implications for mental health than did supervisor or co-worker support. 2) Senior colleague and supervisor support had buffering effect, but co-worker support had little buffering effect. 3) The form of the interaction was different from the predictions of the buffering hypothesis in emotional support from supervisor.

著者

金田 亜里沙 大竹 恵子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.47-54, 2015 (Released:2016-01-18)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring mothers' level of happiness in the daily events of child rearing and to investigate the effect of maternal optimism on their happiness in child rearing. Six hundred seventy-six mothers with toddlers (age one through preschool) completed a questionnaire containing scales on optimism, child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness regarding child care, and feelings about child rearing. The main results were as follows: (1) factor analysis revealed that the “child-rearing happiness in daily events” scale consists of two factors, called “care giving” and “interacting with toddlers” and (2) regression analysis revealed that optimism is related to increased child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness in child care, and positive feelings about child-rearing. Also, optimism decreases negative feelings about child-rearing. These results indicated that the “child-rearing happiness in daily events” scale can measure the degree of happiness felt by mothers in daily child rearing.

著者

上野 雄己 鈴木 平 清水 安夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.20-34, 2014 (Released:2014-08-22)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This study aimed to develop a psychological resilience model for university athletes (PRMUA). University athletes (N=377; 188 men and 189 women, Mean age=19.70 years, SD=1.20) participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic questions and questions on resilience, resilience efficacy, stressors, stress response, and self-esteem. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothetical mediation model of PRMUA, which indicated that fit indices of the model satisfied statistical requirements (GFI=.99, AGFI=.94, CFI=.99, RMSEA=.08, AIC=48.32, BCC=48.93). Moreover, each path of PRMUA had a significant influence on each variable. Findings of this study partially supported our hypotheses regarding PRMUA. Further research is needed to clarify the nature of resilience. Moreover, longitudinal research is needed to develop practical uses for the model, such as increasing and predicting the resilience of athletic club members.

著者

田崎 慎治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.56-63, 2007-06-25 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Relationships among the drive for thinness, health consciousness, other psychological factors and eating behaviors in college students (n = 128: 79 male; mean BMI = 21.33: 109 female; mean BMI = 20.48) was investigated. They completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale, the Sense of Health Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, the Japanese version of STAI and the Japanese version of DEBQ. Results from Structural Equation Modeling indicated that for female students, the drive for thinness was influenced by BMI, and health consciousness was influenced by the drive for thinness via self-esteem and trait anxiety. Moreover, restraint in eating was influenced by the drive for thinness, whereas other eating behaviors were related to the drive for thinness via self-esteem and trait anxiety. In male students, there was a significant relationship between the drive for thinness and restraint in eating. These results suggest that there are gender differences between the drive for thinness and self-esteem, trait anxiety, and health consciousness.

著者

城月 健太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.148-154, 2014 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

22

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Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is known as the most common type of Anxiety Disorder. In the cognitive and behavioral model of SAD, cost bias and perceived anxiety control are factors maintaining and mediating SAD symptoms. The relationship between cost bias and perceived anxiety control in social anxiety was investigated in present study. Undergraduate students (n=341) were administered self-report measures assessing each component of SAD symptoms. Path analysis was conducted to identify relationships between these components. The result indicated the high validity of the model (Goodness of Fit Index=.972, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index=.929, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation=.083). These findings suggest that SAD symptoms could be improved by changing the cost bias and perceived anxiety control.

著者

川西 陽子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.22-30, 1995 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation among self-esteem, appraisal (amount of stressful experience, degree of stressfulness and controllability), coping and psychological stress responses in a sample of 190 university students. Product-moment correlation cofficients were calculated between self-esteem and appraisal, between self-esteem and coping strategies, between self-esteem and psycholological stress responses. Self-esteem was negatively correlated with amount of stressful experiences, Escape-Avoidance coping, Accepting Responsibility coping and psychological stress responses. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis revealed that self-esteem, Escape-Avoidance coping and Positive reappraisal coping influenced the psychological stress responses. These results suggest that students with low self-esteem were tend to appraise daily events as more stressful, to use Escape-Avoidance coping towards stressor more frequently and to show more psychological stess responses.

著者

大木 桃代 織田 正美

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.1-11, 1995 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

15

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The present study investigated the personality of people who manifested Type A behavior by using the Todai Egogram (TEG). The TEG and the Jenkins Activity Survey Student Version (JAS-S) were administered to 179 undergraduate students (93 male, 86 female). Based on the scores obtained on JAS-S, 34 of these subjects were identified as Type A subjects, 46 were as Type B and 99 were as Type X subjects. The TEG scores of Type A subjects were compared with those of the Type B subjects. The Type A group showed significantly higher TEG scores in CP, A, and FC, and also significantly lower scores in AC than those obtained by Type B group. The male Type A group showed almost the same result as above. The female Type A group, however, showed nonsignificantly higher TEG scores than Type X group. The female Type B group showed significantly lower TEG scores in CP and FC than those obtained by Type X group. The result clarified that Type A person's perspnality was dominant and critical. It also indicated that there was some difference between male and female Type A personality.

著者

前川 真奈美 越川 房子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.55-64, 2015 (Released:2016-01-18)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

3

---

A new scale for measuring components of mindfulness was developed and its reliability and validity were evaluated. Undergraduate and graduate students (N=478) participated by responding to a 72-item pilot scale. Their responses were psychometrically evaluated by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The resulting 31-item measure was named the Six Factors Mindfulness Scale (SFMS), which included the following subscales: Nonduality, Describing, Acceptance and Nonreactivity, Objective observing, Awareness, and Being in the moment. The SFMS had good internal consistency and sufficient, 2-week test–retest reliability. Nearly all subscales of SFMS were adequately correlated with several theoretically related scales. We also examined relationships between mental health scores and SFMS factor scores. Results indicated that high awareness with low acceptance resulted in poor mental health, which supported the findings of previous research, and suggested the validity of the scale. It is concluded that the SFMS is a useful, multidimensional measure for assessing mindfulness.

著者

大竹 恵子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.131-139, 2014 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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A system of classifying the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition was developed, based on participants' responses to passive smoking. Japanese undergraduate students (N=390) participated in the study. They responded to questionnaires inquiring their stage of smoking acquisition, self-efficacy and temptation to smoke, decisional balance for smoking acquisition, and impressions about scenes depicting smoking. Responses of non-smokers clearly indicated four-stages of pre-contemplation about smoking that consisted of high, intermediate, and low antipathy to smoking, and the acceptance of passive smoking. The results also showed that measures of self-efficacy decreased, whereas temptation increased as smoking related activities advanced. Moreover, the acceptance of pros of smoking behavior increased as participants progressed toward smoking, whereas their concern for cons of smoking decreased. Furthermore, negative responses to pictures showing smoking scenes were strongest in non-smokers with a high antipathy to smoking, and participants' impressions of the scenes became increasingly positive as they progressed toward smoking. This study demonstrated the validity of the new classification of the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition designed for developing preventive measures against smoking among young people.

著者

春木 豊 石川 利江 河野 梨香 松田 与理子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.57-67, 2008

被引用文献数

3

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This paper provides an overview of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program developed by Kabat-Zinn. The meaning of mindfulness, Kabat-Zinn's view of mediation, and six techniques of MBSR—eating meditation, breathing, body scan, yoga, walking meditation and sitting meditation—are explained. The effectiveness of MBSR on increased stress tolerance, cognitive change, improved self-management, relaxation, increased ability for acceptance, and awareness of body sensation are introduced, and the literature reporting the applications of MBSR on patients with various conditions, including pain, anxiety, depression, eating disorder, skin disease, cancer and organ transplant, as well as its application to lifestyle modification are reviewed. Finally, potential applications of MBSR in health psychology with a particular focus in the area of health education are discussed.

著者

前川 真奈美 越川 房子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.55-64, 2015

被引用文献数

3

---

A new scale for measuring components of mindfulness was developed and its reliability and validity were evaluated. Undergraduate and graduate students (<i>N</i>=478) participated by responding to a 72-item pilot scale. Their responses were psychometrically evaluated by conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The resulting 31-item measure was named the Six Factors Mindfulness Scale (SFMS), which included the following subscales: Nonduality, Describing, Acceptance and Nonreactivity, Objective observing, Awareness, and Being in the moment. The SFMS had good internal consistency and sufficient, 2-week test–retest reliability. Nearly all subscales of SFMS were adequately correlated with several theoretically related scales. We also examined relationships between mental health scores and SFMS factor scores. Results indicated that high awareness with low acceptance resulted in poor mental health, which supported the findings of previous research, and suggested the validity of the scale. It is concluded that the SFMS is a useful, multidimensional measure for assessing mindfulness.

著者

田中 久美子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.41-48, 2002-06-25 (Released:2015-01-07)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

---

This study examined the effects of subjective differences in cognitive demand on eating control mechanisms. As a task with high cognitive demand, 53 female students were asked to have their photographs taken. Forty-five students who accepted the request were classified into four categories, 2 (high cognitive demand, low cognitive demand) × 2 (dieter, non-dieter). The results indicated that the “high demand-dieter” group significantly decreased eating restraint under pressure, whereas the “high demand-non-dieter” group actively restrained eating through self-regulation of food intake. Moreover, there were differences in the high and low demand diet groups in terms of motivation, strategy, and the condition after the diet.

著者

岩満 優美

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.Special_issue, pp.209-216, 2015 (Released:2015-02-19)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

2 1

---

Research in psycho-oncology has focused on how cancer affects the mental condition of cancer patients, their families, and medical staff, and how the mind and behavior affect the progression of cancer. Psycho-oncology research has developed readily since the 1980s, to address the psychological distress of cancer patients by supporting them psychologically. Research on psychological distress of cancer patients during the clinical course of the disease has identified vague anxieties related to uncertainty. However, each cancer patient is unique in how they experience psychological distress, and therefore, research has focused on the effects of psychological characteristics as factors that influence individual differences. Studies of risk factors for psychological distress in breast cancer patients have identified psychological characteristics, such as the tendency to suppress emotions, trait anxiety, life stress experiences, and coping, as risk factors. Several forms of psychotherapy are available for cancer patients, including psychotherapy for emotional suppression, problem-solving therapy, relaxation, and group therapy. To date, the efficacy of psychotherapy for cancer patients has been investigated through randomized trials mostly in Western countries. It is hoped that such studies would be undertaken in Japan in the near future.

著者

熊野 道子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.12-23, 2005-06-25 (Released:2015-01-07)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 2

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This study clarifies how past life events and expected future events relate to ikigai, the Japanese word for one's sense of purpose in life. University students (n=450) responded to a questionnaire on purpose in life (PIL) and important life events. Participants were asked whether they had experienced any important life events in the previous three months, and whether they expected to experience any in the coming three months. The following was found: (1) The expectation that a negative life event would occur relates more closely to ikigai than does past negative life events. (2) When given expectations of positive future events, subjects who felt low ikigai as a result of many negative life events tended to have a greater increase in ikigai than subjects who already felt high ikigai as a result of many positive life events.

著者

大石 和男 安川 通雄 濁川 孝志 飯田 史彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.1-9, 2007-12-25 (Released:2014-03-28)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2

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The relationship between the degree of ikigai (the Japanese word for one's sense of purpose in life: Kumano, 2005) and views on life and death were investigated. Participants were 1,137 college students (635 males and 502 females). The degree of ikigai was evaluated by using the Purpose In Life test (PIL test) developed by Crumbaugh and Maholick (1964, 1969). We used Part-A of this questionnaire that is composed of 20 questions. Additionally, views on life and death were assessed by a questionnaire composed of five questions that was developed by he authors, which referred to life after death, reincarnation, life lesson, soul mate, and the law of causality hypotheses. Results indicated that the mean PIL score for both sexes was 92.1±16.6, with the mean female score being higher than the male. The histograms of responses to the views on life and death questions indicated bimodal distributions, i.e., responses tended to be “believe or not believe.”Females tended to choose “believe the hypotheses” more often compared to males. The group that responded “Yes” to the questionnaire on the views on life and death tended to have a higher PIL score than those that responded “No”. These results suggest that people who believe the spiritual hypotheses tended to have higher ikigai.

著者

安藤 満代 吉良 晴子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.140-147, 2014 (Released:2014-12-12)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

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Relationships among spirituality, benefit finding from illness experiences, anxiety, depression, and level of physical symptoms were investigated in cancer patients, and predictors of spirituality were examined. Cancer patients (N=30) in an oncology ward of a general hospital completed the Japanese Benefit Finding Scale (JBFS) to assesses benefits, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Sp (FACIT-Sp) to assess spiritual well-being, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) to assess anxiety and depression, and the Anderson Symptom Inventory (ASI) to assess symptom levels. Results indicated that the FACIT-Sp score was positively correlated with each subdomain of the JBFS, and negatively correlated with ASI and HADS. Moreover, “Role and Priority” was the most important predictor of FACIT-Sp. These results suggest that support by medical staff for benefit finding from illness experiences contribute to promoting spirituality. Moreover, “Role and Priority” might be particularly important for spirituality.

著者

岡 浩一朗 竹中 晃二 児玉 昌久

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.30-43, 1995 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

1

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Increased participation in sports has been shown to have a positive linear relationship with athletic injuries. Recent studies conducted by health and sport psychologists have suggested that injured athletes may experience mood disturbances and lowered self-esteem. The purpose of this paper is to survey the existing literature which has examined the psychological effects of athletic injury, to explore recent trends, and to discuss where this type of research is heading in the future. Firstly, athletic injury is discussed as a stress factor which may bring about changes in psychological responses.This topic is discussed by comparing two studies which respectivery employ cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs. In the next section, stage and cognitive-appraisal models of psychological response and change due to athletic injury are presented, and studies employing these models are reviewed. It is been shown that cognitive-appraisal models may be more suitable for explaining the psychological change in injured athletes than stage models. Finally, methodological issues surrounding research of this nature are discussed, and ideas for future psychological studies of athletic injury, such as psychological intervention for injured athletes,are examined.

著者

笹田 哲 長田 久雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.1-10, 1997 (Released:2015-04-23)

参考文献数

20

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The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales developed by Wallston et al., were applied to 82 subjects with cerebral vascular accidents with a view to objectively deciding the patients' health locus of control. As a result, an external control tendency was observed. The result of the analysis revealed that no major effect was observed in internality (IHLC) or powerful others (PHLC), while a major effect was observed in chance (CHLC) externality when comparing sex differences or hypercortical dysfunction. There were no observable interactions among any of these factors. From the above findings we concluded that loss of confidence occured from difficulties experienced in their daily lives due to cerebral vascular accidents and that the subjects became more susceptible to incidents and accidents. Also, it is suggested that the sence of health locus of control is not related to lesions in the right and/or left hemisphere but to gender difference and/or hypercortical dysfunction. Therefore, it is necessary to regard hypercortical dysfunction as a vital factor affecting the health locus of control instead of simply regarding it as one of the symptoms. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales are useful for evaluating the health locus of control of patients with hypercortical dysfunction.