著者
島井 哲志 大竹 恵子 宇津木 成介 池見 陽 Sonja LYUBOMIRSKY
出版者
日本公衆衛生学会
雑誌
日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.10, pp.845-853, 2004 (Released:2014-08-29)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
14

目的 本研究の目的は,日本版主観的幸福感尺度(Subjective Happiness Scale: SHS)の信頼性と妥当性を検討することであった。方法 日本版 SHS は 4 項目からなる尺度であり,翻訳およびバックトランスレーションを行い,原著者による概念の同一の確認を受け,日本語版項目の作成を完成した。大学生364人(男性158人,女性206人)を対象に質問紙調査を実施した。調査内容は,日本版 SHS, positive health のうち生活充実感の 5 項目,GHQ28項目,自尊感情尺度10項目であった。再テスト信頼性は 5 週間隔で行った。結果 日本版 SHS の α 信頼性係数は.80から.84であり,内的整合性が高いと考えられた。再テスト信頼性については,5 週間隔において相関係数が.86であり,日本版 SHS の再現性は高いことが示された。因子分析の結果から,SHS は 1 因子構造であることが示された。SHS の得点が高いことが,positive health の質問項目,自尊感情の得点の高さに関連していることが明らかにされた。また,SHS が高い人は健康であり,特に,うつと負の相関関係にあることが示された。結論 以上の結果から,日本版 SHS 尺度は,再テスト信頼性,収束的妥当性,弁別的妥当性ともに高いことが示唆された。
著者
豊田 雪乃 小林 正法 大竹 恵子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.92.20002, (Released:2021-03-31)
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
1

This study compared the intent to help in response to nonverbal and verbal stimuli that described people in need of help to clarify the conditions and generality of effects that promote the intent to help. Participants were randomly assigned to a help-imagining group, a no-help imagining group, or a control group. In Study 1, the participants evaluated verbal stimuli. In Study 2, they evaluated visual stimuli as illustrations developed for this study. The results of both studies indicated that the group imagining they were helping scored significantly higher for the intent to help than the other two groups, suggesting that improving imagination about helping increased helpful intentions, regardless of the stimuli type. Also, we found that different aspects of different stimuli affected the intent to help: the effect of evaluating the recipient’s emotional state on the intent to help was only observed for visual stimuli, and visual stimuli compared to verbal stimuli, were less likely to influence an individual’s imagination and past experience on the intent to help.
著者
大竹 恵子 島井 哲志 池見 陽 宇津木 成介 ピーターソン クリストファー セリグマン マーティンE. P.
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.76, no.5, pp.461-467, 2005-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
21 20

Purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Values In Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS). Japanese VIA-IS was back-translated, and their items were checked by the developers of the original VIA-IS. Participants in our standardization study were 778 undergraduate students who answered a battery of self-report questionnaires. The battery consisted of the Japanese versions of VIA-IS, Subjective Happiness Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). It was found that VIA-IS has high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Happier people showed higher overall scores on VIA-IS and on almost all subscales both in men and women. Scores on VIA-IS were higher in the healthier group than in the unhealthy group, especially on the subscales of depression and impediment of social activities. Subscales of NEO-FFI were related to subscales of VIA-IS in a consistent way. High nomination groups showed significantly higher scores on eight subscales of VIA-IS than low nomination groups.
著者
大竹 恵子 オオタケ ケイコ Otake Keiko
出版者
同志社大学政策学会
雑誌
同志社政策科学研究 = Doshisha policy and managemant review (ISSN:18808336)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.1, pp.39-52, 2016-09

研究ノート(Note)近年、日本では高齢化にともない、介護サービス分野における人材確保が緊急の課題となっている。本論文では、中心的役割を担うことが予想される介護福祉士に着目し、介護分野における就業率等の就業状況や、介護分野での就業に関する意識について、既存の統計データや調査を基に現状と課題を考察している。その結果、今後の研究課題として、ワーク・ライフ・バランスに関する要因、介護職場への適切なイメージにつながる教育段階での取り組み、就業継続を促す現場での経験、専門性の発揮の有無による就業継続の違いなどについて検討していく必要があると考えられる。
著者
真田 原行 小林 正法 大竹 恵子 片山 順一
出版者
日本感情心理学会
雑誌
感情心理学研究 (ISSN:18828817)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.3, pp.62-70, 2019-05-31 (Released:2019-05-29)
参考文献数
22

The purpose of this study was to unveil temporal relationship of physiological states during emotional experience. It has been widely accepted that emotion arises from interaction between cerebral processing and bodily response (i.e., autonomic nervous system: ANS). Therefore, we measured indices of both types of activities, using frontal alpha asymmetry (Davidson, Ekman, Saron, Senulis, & Friesen, 1990) for cerebral processing, and heart rate (HR) for ANS. Twenty-two participants watched six video clips for emotion induction (two each for negative, neutral, and positive emotions), during which electroencephalograms (EEGs) and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were recorded. Cross-correlation analyses revealed that the fluctuation of frontal alpha asymmetry synchronized with that of HR only when participants watched positive video clips. Because most participants changed their facial expression during the clips, it is possible that facial expression was induced by the synchronization of frontal alpha asymmetry and ANS activity. In addition, when they watched one of the positive clips, frontal alpha asymmetry fluctuation was preceded by HR variation. This indicated that ANS response might influence activity of cerebral area where frontal alpha asymmetry arises.
著者
金田 亜里沙 大竹 恵子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
雑誌
健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.2, pp.47-54, 2015 (Released:2016-01-18)
参考文献数
54
被引用文献数
2

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring mothers' level of happiness in the daily events of child rearing and to investigate the effect of maternal optimism on their happiness in child rearing. Six hundred seventy-six mothers with toddlers (age one through preschool) completed a questionnaire containing scales on optimism, child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness regarding child care, and feelings about child rearing. The main results were as follows: (1) factor analysis revealed that the “child-rearing happiness in daily events” scale consists of two factors, called “care giving” and “interacting with toddlers” and (2) regression analysis revealed that optimism is related to increased child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness in child care, and positive feelings about child-rearing. Also, optimism decreases negative feelings about child-rearing. These results indicated that the “child-rearing happiness in daily events” scale can measure the degree of happiness felt by mothers in daily child rearing.
著者
大竹 恵子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
雑誌
健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.131-139, 2014 (Released:2014-12-12)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
1

A system of classifying the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition was developed, based on participants' responses to passive smoking. Japanese undergraduate students (N=390) participated in the study. They responded to questionnaires inquiring their stage of smoking acquisition, self-efficacy and temptation to smoke, decisional balance for smoking acquisition, and impressions about scenes depicting smoking. Responses of non-smokers clearly indicated four-stages of pre-contemplation about smoking that consisted of high, intermediate, and low antipathy to smoking, and the acceptance of passive smoking. The results also showed that measures of self-efficacy decreased, whereas temptation increased as smoking related activities advanced. Moreover, the acceptance of pros of smoking behavior increased as participants progressed toward smoking, whereas their concern for cons of smoking decreased. Furthermore, negative responses to pictures showing smoking scenes were strongest in non-smokers with a high antipathy to smoking, and participants' impressions of the scenes became increasingly positive as they progressed toward smoking. This study demonstrated the validity of the new classification of the pre-contemplation stage of smoking acquisition designed for developing preventive measures against smoking among young people.
著者
小林 正法 大竹 恵子
出版者
日本認知心理学会
雑誌
日本認知心理学会発表論文集 日本認知心理学会第15回大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.143, 2017 (Released:2017-10-16)
被引用文献数
1

科学技術の発展により様々な情報を外部記憶装置に容易かつ迅速に保存することが可能となった(例. スマートフォンによる写真撮影)。このような外部記憶装置の利用はヒトの記憶にも影響を与える。Henkel (2014)は,写真撮影によって長期記憶として保持される必要がなくなった情報は,忘却されることを示した。これは外部記憶装置への保存による認知的負荷の低減を示唆している。これに関連して,本研究では,ニュートラル語に比べて,記憶成績が高いとされる感情語(e.g., Kensinger, 2004)に対し,写真撮影による忘却が生じるかを検討した。指示忘却手続き(Bjork, 1970)を参考とした実験を実施した結果,写真撮影をした単語の再生成績が低下し,その程度に感情価の影響は少なかった。本研究により,感情語という記憶されやすい情報に対しても写真撮影による忘却が適用されることが示唆された。
著者
大竹 恵子 島井 哲志 嶋田 洋徳
出版者
一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
雑誌
健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.2, pp.37-47, 1998-12-25 (Released:2015-03-04)
参考文献数
26
被引用文献数
4 3

The present study was to investigate the emotion and behavioral coping strategies in elementary school children, and the relationship between stress responses and social support. The survey about coping, and subjective symptoms and perceived social support were conducted with 712 (395 boys and 317 girls) upper level elementary school children. The results showed that: 1) Children frequently used emotional and behavioral coping strategies in stress situations. 2) Six coping strategies were found by factor analysis, i.e., problem solving, behavioral avoidance, distraction, seeking social support, cognitive avoidance, and emotional avoidance, 3) Children who frequently used behavioral avoidance showed the highest scores of stress responses, 4) Boys who chose emotional avoidance were easily tired and irritable. These results suggested that it is important for the health of school children to have emotional and behavioral coping strategies, and the approach / avoidance conceptualization of coping help to clarify the ways in which children cope. Finally, it is suggested that further research about the relationship with coping strategies and health in school children is necessary in order to develop stress management education.
著者
小國 龍治 小林 正法 大竹 恵子
出版者
日本パーソナリティ心理学会
雑誌
パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.20-22, 2020-04-27 (Released:2020-04-27)
参考文献数
8

We investigated the effects of imagining (episodic simulation) helping behavior on helping efficacy. Participants were asked to imagine (imagine condition) and remember (remember condition) helping behavior, and make a headline (headline condition) in response to sentences describing a person in need. Then, they rated their helping efficacy and helping intention regarding the person. The results showed that helping efficacy and helping intention in the imagine and remember conditions were significantly higher than in the headline condition. Thus, it is suggested that helping efficacy is enhanced by imagining helping situations without actual behavior.
著者
小林 正法 大竹 恵子
出版者
日本パーソナリティ心理学会
雑誌
パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.27.2.6, (Released:2018-07-23)
参考文献数
11

Nostalgia is defined as “a sentimental longing or wistful reflection for the past.” This study examined the individual differences on the effect of emotions on music-evoked nostalgia. The study focused on traits associated with positive and negative emotions, specifically, dysphoria and subjective happiness. Participants listened to nostalgic music before and after responding to a questionnaire measuring traits and mood states. Results showed that the degree of music-evoked nostalgia was reduced only when levels of dysphoria and subjective happiness were both low. This is the first study to demonstrate the relationship between nostalgia evoked by music, and traits associated with positive emotion.
著者
金田 亜里沙 大竹 恵子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
雑誌
健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.2, pp.47-54, 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring mothers level of happiness in the daily events of child rearing and to investigate the effect of maternal optimism on their happiness in child rearing. Six hundred seventy-six mothers with toddlers (age one through preschool) completed a questionnaire containing scales on optimism, child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness regarding child care, and feelings about child rearing. The main results were as follows: (1) factor analysis revealed that the "child-rearing happiness in daily events" scale consists of two factors, called "care giving" and "interacting with toddlers" and (2) regression analysis revealed that optimism is related to increased child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness in child care, and positive feelings about child-rearing. Also, optimism decreases negative feelings about child-rearing. These results indicated that the "child-rearing happiness in daily events" scale can measure the degree of happiness felt by mothers in daily child rearing.
著者
大対 香奈子 大竹 恵子 松見 淳子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会
雑誌
教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.1, pp.135-151, 2007-03-30 (Released:2013-02-19)
参考文献数
99
被引用文献数
3 3 6

不登校やいじめなど, 子どもの学校不適応問題が深刻化し続けている中, 子どもの学校不適応に関する研究や不適応改善のための取り組みが盛んに実施されている。しかし, 学校適応の定義が一貫していないために, 学校適応の測定に用いる指標や介入の効果検証の仕方は研究間で様々である。特に現在注目を集めているのは不適応の予防であり, 効果的な予防介入を実施するためには, 子どもの学校適応の正確かつ妥当なアセスメントが必要になる。本論文では, 先行研究の展望により学校適応の概念をまとめ, 学校適応アセスメントの理論的基盤となる三水準モデルを提唱した。このモデルでは, 水準1として感情や認知を含めた子どもの行動的機能, 水準2として子どもの行動が学校環境の中でどのように強化され形成されるのかという環境の効果に注目した学業的・社会的機能, 水準3として個人の行動と環境との相互作用の結果として生じる子どもの学校適応感という3つの水準から子どもの学校適応状態を把握する。また, これまでに実施されている予防介入の限界と課題から, より効果的な予防介入に必要なアセスメントについて三水準モデルをもとに検討する。
著者
大竹 恵子 島井 哲志 池見 陽 宇津木 成介 ピーターソン クリストファー セリグマン マーティンE. P.
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.76, no.5, pp.461-467, 2005
被引用文献数
20

Purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese version of the Values In Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS). Japanese VIA-IS was back-translated, and their items were checked by the developers of the original VIA-IS. Participants in our standardization study were 778 undergraduate students who answered a battery of self-report questionnaires. The battery consisted of the Japanese versions of VIA-IS, Subjective Happiness Scale, General Health Questionnaire, and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). It was found that VIA-IS has high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Happier people showed higher overall scores on VIA-IS and on almost all subscales both in men and women. Scores on VIA-IS were higher in the healthier group than in the unhealthy group, especially on the subscales of depression and impediment of social activities. Subscales of NEO-FFI were related to subscales of VIA-IS in a consistent way. High nomination groups showed significantly higher scores on eight subscales of VIA-IS than low nomination groups.